大学英语重修3上课用题.docx
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大学英语重修3上课用题
2013大学英语重修大学英语三课堂材料
阅读理解:
Passage1
ManystudentswanttoknowaboutthedifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish.Howdidthesedifferencescomeabout?
Thereisnoquickanswertothisquestion.AtfirstthelanguageinBritainandAmericanwasthesame.In1776Americanbecameanindependentcountry.Afterthat,thelanguageslowlybegantochange.ForalongtimethelanguageinAmericastayedthesame,whilethelanguageinEnglandchanged.Forexample,300yearsagotheEnglishtalkedabout“fall”.Today,mostBritishpeopletalkabout“autumn”,butAmericansstilltalkabout“fall”.InthesamewayAmericansstillusetheexpression“Iguess”（meaning“Ithink”）,justastheBritishdid300yearsago.
Atthesametime,BritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishstartedborrowingwordsfromotherlanguages,endingupwithdifferentwords.Forexample,theBritishtook“typhoon”fromChinese,whiletheAmericantook“tornado”fromSpanish.
In1828NoahWebsterpublishedthefirstAmericandictionary.HewantedtomakeAmericanEnglishdifferentfromBritishEnglish,sohechangedthespellingofmanywords.That’swhythewordscolour,centreandtravellerarespeltcolor,centerandtravelerinAmericanEnglish.Exceptforthesedifferencesinspelling,writtenEnglishismoreorlessthesameinbothBritishandAmericanEnglish.Thedifferencesaregreaterinthespokenlanguage.However,mostofthetimepeoplefromthetwocountriesdonothaveanydifficultyinunderstandingeachother.
1.AmericastoppedbeingapartofEnglandin________.
A.1707
B.1828
C.1776
D.1911
2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.After1776AmericanEnglishandBritishEnglishstayedthesame.
B.After1776AmericanEnglishchangedbutBritishEnglishstayedthe
same.
C.After1776BritishEnglishchangedbutAmericanEnglishstayedthe
same.
D.After1776bothBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishchanged.
3.BritishEnglishisdifferentfromAmericanEnglishbecause______.
A.BritishdecidedtochangethespellingofmanyAmericanwords.
B.AmericanEnglishchangedbutBritishEnglishstayedthesame.
C.theAmericanandBritishtookdifferentwordsfromotherlanguages.
D.Americaisabiggercountry.
4.NoahWebsterwas______.
A.anAmericanpresident
B.aSpanishfarmer
C.aBritishteacher
D.anAmericanwriter
5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.InthefuturebothAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglishwillstaythe
same.
B.InthefutureAmericanEnglishwillchangebutBritishEnglishwillnot.
C.InthefutureBritishEnglishwillchangebutAmericanEnglishwillnot.
D.InthefuturebothBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishwillchange
Passage2
Keeptotheright.Whentheyarewalkingonsidewalks,inhallways,oronstairways,intwooppositedirections,Americansstayontherightside.Thisenablesthemtopasseachotherwithoutphysicalcontactandtogoasquicklyaspossible.
Lineupandwaityourturn.Whentheyareinthesituationswhereagroupofpeoplewantattentionorservicefromsomeone,Americanslineup.Inthebankoratthetheaterboxoffice,thelatestpersontoarrivewillsteptotheendofthelineandpatientlywaittheirturn.Thisbehaviorshowsthatallpeopleareequal,inthesensethatnoonehastheprivilegeofgoingdirectlytothefrontofaline.Italsoshowstheydonotliketouching,whichismuchlesslikelytohappeninalinethaninacrowdtogetservice.
First-come,first-served.Relatedtothe“lineup”ruleisthefirst-come,first-servedrule.Usually,peoplethinkthatthepersonwhoarrivesfirstgetsattentionfirst.Alternativeideas,suchasgivingprioritytoolderpeopleorricheronesorfemales,donotnormallyoccurtoequal-mindedAmericans.
Don’tblockthetraffic.Generally,Americansgiveprioritytopeoplewhoaremovingratherthantothosewhoarestaying.Apersonwhoisinamovingcrowdandwhowishestostoportogomoreslowlythanothersisexpectedtomovetothesideorotherwisegetoutofthewayofthosewhoarecontinuingtomove.Itisconsideredinconsideratetoblockpeople’spath.
Inrecentyearsananti-smokingmovementhasmadeconsiderableheadwayintheUnitedStates.Somestatesandlocalitieshaveprohibitedsmokingincertainpublicplaces.LargenumbersofAmericansmokershavediscontinueddoingso,andcampaignsinthepublicschoolsareaimedatdiscouragingyoungpeoplefromtakingupthehabit.Peoplewhodosmokearelikelytopostponehavingacigaretteuntiltheyareinasituationwheretheycansmokewithout“polluting”theairaroundnon-smokers.
1.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromAmericans’keepingtotheright?
A.Americansdislikebodytouching
B.Americanslovetomakegreatprogressineveryfield.
C.MostAmericansareright-handed.
D.WecanalwaysfindAmericanswalkingintwodifferentdirections.
2.ThebehaviorofliningupshowsthatAmericans______.
A.arepatientexceptwhentheyareinahurry
B.areoftheopinionthatallpeoplehaveequalrights
C.arenotaccustomedtoalargepopulation
D.needbetterservice
3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?
A.Americansoftenletoldpeoplebeservedfirst.
B.“Lineup”ruleiscloselyrelatedto“keeptotheright”rule.
C.Ifapersonarrivesfirst,hewillgetattentionfirst.
D.Americansliketobeservedfirst.
4.FromthetextweknowthatAmericans______.
A.expectotherstomovetotheside
B.oftenavoidblockingotherpeople’spath
C.givewaytothepeoplewhoarestandinginsteadofthepeoplewhoaremoving
D.failtoconsiderotherpeople’sfeelings
5.Accordingtothetext,campaignsinpublicschoolsareaimedat______.
A.prohibitingyoungpeoplefromsmoking
B.punishingyoungpeopleforsmokingwhentheyareinnon-smokingareas.
C.discouragingyoungpeoplefromsmokinginpublicplaces
D.discouragingyoungpeoplefromestablishingthehabitofsmoking
Passage3
Yourbodyworks24hoursaday.It’salwaysbuildingandrepairing,feedingandcleansingitself.Itsgoalistobereadyforyoureverymovement,breath,andthought.Thequalityofyourlifedependsonhowwellyourbodyworks.Andhowwellyourbodyworksdependsonhowmuchenergyitgets.Energycomesfromthefoodyoueat.Foodcontainsnutrientsthatyourbodyneedsforgrowthandenergy.
Byeatingabalanceddiet,yourbodygetsthesixessentialnutrientsitneeds.Mineralsarenutrientsthatbuildbonesandteeth.Mineralsalsoformredbloodcellsandothersubstances.Wateraidsdigestionandwasteremoval.Carbohydratesgiveyourbodyitsmainsourceofenergy.Twocarbohydratesaresugarsfromfoodssuchasfruitsandvegetablesandstarchesfoundinrice,potatoes,andbread.Fatshelpbuildcellmembranes.Proteinsrepairandgrowbodytissues.Finally,vitaminshelpyourbodyusecarbohydrates,fats,andproteins.
TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture（USDA）hascreatedanutritionalfoodpyramid.Itshowsthedailynumberofservingsyoushouldeatfromfivefoodgroups.Thefoodpyramidhasfourlevels.Thebaseofthepyramidisthelargestlevel.Itcontainsthebread,cereal,rice,andpastagroupfromwhichyouneedsixtoelevenservings.Thenextlevelhastwofoodgroups:
vegetablesandfruits.TheUSDArecommendsthreetofiveservingsofvegetablesandtwotofourservingsoffruit.Thethirdlevelalsohastwogroups:
themilk,yogurt,andcheesegroupandthemeat,poultry,fish,drybeans,eggs,andnutsgroup.Youneedtwotothreeservingsfromeachofthesegroups.Thetopofthepyramidisthesmallestlevel.Itcontainsfats,oils,andsweets.Thesefoodshavefewnutrients,soeatthemsparingly.
1.Thetitleforthispassageis________.
A.WhatYouNeedtoKnowAboutFats
B.AnAppleaDayKeepstheDoctorAway
C.Water:
AnEssentialNutrient
D.EatingforLifeandHealth
2.Abalanceddiet_________.
A.consistsoffoodsfromfivefoodgroups
B.includesmanyfoodscontainingfat
C.includessixtoelevenservingsoffruit
D.canbeobtainedbytakingvitamins
3.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhatfood__________.
A.issomethingthatcleansesyourbody.
B.canimprovethequalityofyourlife.
C.shouldbeeatenatnightaswellasduringtheday.
D.willmakeiteasierforyoutoexercise.
4.Tohelpthereaderidentifythesixnutrientsneededbythebody,theauthor________.
A.describesthefivebasicfoodgroups.
B.explainswhatabalanceddietis
C.writesthenameofeachnutrient
D.tellsthenumberofdailyservingsneededfromeachfoodgroup
5.Anutrientis_________.
A.asubstancethatgivethebodyenergy.
B.atypeofbloodcell
C.abodytissue.
D.hequalityofyourlife
Passage4
TheUnitedStatesisfullofautomobiles.Therearestillmanyfamilieswithoutcars,butsomefamilieshavetwoorevenmore.However,carsareusedformorethanpleasure.Theyarenecessarypartoflife.
Carsareusedforbusiness.Theyaredriventoofficesandfactoriesbyworkerswhohavenootherwaytogettotheirjobs.Whensalesmenaresenttodifferentpartsofthecity,theyhavetodriveinordertocarrytheirproducts.Farmershavetodriveintothecityinordertogetsupplies.
Sometimessmallchildrenmustbedriventoschool.Insomecitiesschoolbusesareusedonlywhenchildrenlivemorethanamilefromtheschool.Whenthechildrenaretooyoungtowalkthatfar,theirmotherstaketurnsdrivingthemtoschool.OnemotherdrivesonMondays,takingherownchildrenandneighbors’childrenaswell.AnotherdrivesonTuesdays,anotheronWednesdays,andsoon.Thisiscalledformingacarpool.Menalsoformcarpools,withthreeorfourmentakingturnsdrivingtothe
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