corporation and social responsibility.docx

corporation and social responsibility.docx

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corporationandsocialresponsibility

课程名称：

现代企业理论

题目：

corporationandsocialresponsibility

专业：

企业管理

方向：

人力资源开发与管理

年级：

2010级硕士研究生

姓名：

唐红杰

学号：

112010303000332

教师：

王志章

成绩：

2011年6月26日

corporationandsocialresponsibilityTang-Hongjie

CollegeofEconomicsandManagement,SouthwestUniversity,Chongqing400715,China

Whatisthesocialresponsibility?

Whatistherelationshipbetweenthecorporationandthesocialresponsibility?

Whatarethecharacteristicsofthecorporation’ssocialresponsibility?

Inthisarticle,Iwilltalkaboutthesequestionsandgivesomeofmyopinions.

Traditionalcorporatelawtheoryholdsthatthecompany'sprofitcanonlybedeterminedbythecharacteristicsofthecompanyinpursuitofmaximizingshareholderservices,tobecomeshareholdersofprofitabletool.However,withthesocialandeconomicdevelopment,theenlargedcompany,thecompany'sroleinsociallifemoreandmore,notonlyforthecommunitytocreateagreatdealofmaterialwealth,butalsoaffectsthecompanydirectlyorindirectlyrelatedtothevariousinterestgroups,affectthesocialandeconomiclifeandpoliticalaspectsoflife.Forexample,companiesseekingtomaximizeshareholdervalue,willpollutetheenvironment,employeeabuse,consumerfraudandsoon.The1930seconomiccrisisbroughtaboutseriousconsequencestomakepeoplecometorealizethat,asthecompany'spursuitofprofitcannotbetheonlygoal,shouldbearthesocialresponsibility,corporatesocialresponsibilitytogeneratetheory.Butasatheoreticalconcept,themeaningofcorporatesocialresponsibilityalotofambiguity,evenincorporatesocialresponsibilityadvocates,alsodidnotformaconsistentaccepteddefinition.

Inthispart,Iwillgivesomedefinitionsofcorporatesocialresponsibility.

Themeaningofcorporatesocialresponsibilityonallcountriesasyetnouniformdefinition,therearethreemainknowledge:

Somescholarsbelievethatwhenmostpeopleinsocietywantacompanyforacertainbehavior,thefor-profitcompanyshouldgiveupthepurposeofprofittomeetthemajorityofthecompany'sexpectations.Somescholarsbelievethatthecompanynotjusttomaximizeprofitforshareholders,butshouldmaximizetheinterestsofshareholdersotherthantopromoteallinterestsofsociety.Thethirdviewisthat,inadditiontoseekingtomaximizeprofitsforshareholdersshouldbearthemaintenanceandpromotionofsocialinterestobligations.

Ibelievethatcompaniesshouldtakesocialresponsibility,buthowtodefinethemeaningofcorporatesocialresponsibility,thekeyiscanhandlethecompany'scorporatesocialresponsibilityandtherelationshipbetweenprofit.Thefirstrecognizethatcorporatesocialresponsibilityisessentiallythepriorityinthecompany'sprofit,thatis,whencorporatesocialresponsibilityandconflictphase-profitcompanyshouldgiveuptheprofittarget.Becausetheessentialnatureofthecompanyistoprofit,ifthecommunityinterestsfirst,thentheshareholders'investmententhusiasmwillbedispelled,inturn,cannotproperlyfulfillcorporateandsocialresponsibility,sothecompany'ssocialresponsibilityasthecompany'sprimarygoalisnottaken.Thesecondunderstandingthattheinterestsofshareholdersotherthantheequallyimportantsocialinterestsandtheinterestsofshareholders,thatistomaximizeshareholdervalueandcorporatesocialresponsibilityisthecompany'stwoequallyimportantobjectives.Itseemstowanttoemphasizetheimportanceofcorporatesocialresponsibility,butwhentheinterestsofshareholdersandallotherstakeholderinterestsconflict,the"maximum"meanshowtodefine,itisinpracticenobasistofollow,verypossibletocorporatesocialresponsibilityastheprimarypurposeofthecompany'sfootsteps.Thethirdunderstandingisessentiallythecompany'ssocialresponsibilityascorporateprofitlimitationsandaddedthatbothrespectthecompany'sprofit,butalsototakecareofnon-shareholderstakeholders,soIagreewiththisunderstanding.

NextIwilltalkaboutthecharacteristicsofcorporatesocialresponsibility.

Corporatesocialresponsibilityistheresponsibilityoftheprincipalcompany.Isgivenbythelegalfictionwasthesocialorganizationofthemainqualification,accordingtothelawhavetheirownresponsibilityinthenameoftheabilityofforeignshareholders,directorsandmanagersareoutsidethecompanytoactinthename.Therefore,themainresponsibilityofcorporatesocialresponsibilityiscompanies,notshareholders,directorsandothercompany'sactualcontrol.Somescholarsbelievethat,intalkingaboutcorporatesocialresponsibility,theresponsibilityoftheprincipalaccordingtodifferentsituations,sometimesthecorporateitself,sometimesthecontrolofthecompany'slargestshareholder,andsometimestocontrolthecompany'smanagers.Thisviewisinfactconfusedwithamajorshareholder,withcontrollimitsofthecompany'smanagers.Shareholdersaftertheinvestmentisonlylimitedamountofitscontributiontothecompanyresponsibleforthecompanyjusttoenjoycapitalgains,majorpolicydecisions,therighttochoosemanagers.Especiallywiththemoderncompany'sseparationofownershipandmanagement,controlofthecompanytransferredtotheBoardbytheshareholders,theshareholdersofthecompany'soperationsarenotactuallyenjoytheactualright.Althoughthecontrolofthecompany'smanagersasthecompany'sagentshavetherightofthecompany'smanagement,butaccordingtocivillawonagencytheory,theconsequencesoftheagentagentbehaviorisbornebytheagent.Therefore,inthecourseofbusinessofallactsshouldbebornebythecompany,thatthemainresponsibilityforcorporatesocialresponsibilityisacompanyratherthantheothersubjects.

Corporatesocialresponsibilityofaccountabilitynon-shareholderstakeholders.

Corporatesocialresponsibilityisbasedonthecompany'snon-shareholderstakeholdersforthecompanyobligationsrelativetoside.Shareholdersofthecompany'sso-callednon-stakeholders,isinadditiontoshareholders,subjecttoinfluencecorporatedecisionmakingandbehaviorofallpeople,thiseffectmayberealorpotential,directorindirect,specificallyincludingthecompany'semployees,thecompanyproductstoconsumers,thecompany'screditors,economicandsocialdevelopmentplanning,resourcesandenvironment,socialsecurityandwelfareofbeneficiaries,etc.Againsttheexistenceofcorporatesocialresponsibilityofscholarsbelievethat,duetogeneralconsumers,thegeneralpublic,thecompanybelongstosocietyasawholeandcannotberightasarealperson,becausethisforthecompanytowhomsocialresponsibility,whocanperformsuchastherighttorequesttheissuecannotbedetermined,thatcorporatesocialresponsibilityofaccountabilitycannotbedetermined.Ithinkthatcorporatesocialresponsibilityisaprovisionofprinciple,specificresponsibilitiesofaccountabilityaccordingtothespecificsituationtodetermine.Ifacompanyisnotfraudonconsumerstheobligationistotheconsumershouldbearthecompany'ssocialresponsibility,companiescanactivelyassumethisresponsibilitywithouttheneedtofindoutwhothespecificrights,andviceversa,isconsumerfraudSocialresponsibilityistheresponsibilityoftheobject,evenifawiderangebutstillabletoidentifyspecificvictims.

Corporatesocialresponsibilityhasacombinationofmandatoryandnon-mandatoryfeatures.

Corporatesocialresponsibilityisthecompany'slegaldutyandmoralobligationoftheentity.Thelawofthecompany'ssocialresponsibilityshouldbetheminimum,whiletheypromotethecompany'scommitmenttoahighermoralresponsibility,corporatesocialresponsibilityandthereforehasacombinationofmandatoryandnon-mandatoryfeatures.Underthelawofcorporatesocialresponsibilityisamandatoryobligationtoensuretheimplementationofstatecoercivepower.Ifthecompanyfailstoperform,willbelawenforcementorpunishment,itistheobligationofpeople's"hardconstraints",isnecessarytomaintainbasicsocialorderandtheminimummorallaw.Morallevelofthenon-mandatorycorporatesocialresponsibilityobligations,nottoguaranteetheimplementationoftheforceoflaw,itisthedutyofpeopleof"softconstraints",inadditiontolegalobligationsonpeople'shighermorality.

Corporatesocialresponsibilityisapositiveduty.

Thetermincludestheresponsibilityoftwomeanings:

First,activeduty,onenegativeresponsibility.Activedutyisoneofthemainbodyoftheotherpartybasedonarelationshipwithandresponsibility,thisresponsibilityisinfacttheobligation,hasapositiveandnegativeresponsibilityistheresponsibilityoftheprincipaldoesnotfulfilltheiractivedutyshouldbearthenegativeconsequences.Corporatesocialresponsibilityisthecompanybasedontherelativeinterestsofshareholderswithnon-partiesshouldbearacertainrelationshipbetweentheobligations,althoughthisobligationwillresultinabreachofmoralorlegalnegativeconsequences,butaccordingtotheunderstandingofscholarsfromvariouscountries,negativedutynotincludedinthiscategoryofsocialresponsibility,sothecompany'ssocialresponsibilityisapositiveduty.

Inthelastpart,Iwillgivesomeidealstoimprovethecorporatesocialresponsibilitylegislation.

Asmorecorporatesocialresponsibilityisreflectedinmoralresponsibility,therefore,thepracticeoflegalregulationinvariouscountriesisslightlydifferent.Westerncountries,mostlyintheformofcaseprocessingthroughcorporatesocialresponsibility,writtenlegislationisrare.Onourcorporatesocialresponsibilitylaw,Ibelieve