高中英语大题精做01Greatscientists5.docx

高中英语大题精做01Greatscientists5.docx

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高中英语大题精做01Greatscientists5

Unit1Greatscientists

I.完形填空

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

“Whocaneverhaveimaginedthatsomeonelikemewouldmakeitthisfar?

”askedChadWoodlastweekduringhishighschoolgraduationspeechasthebeststudent.Chadoffered1tohisfellowclassmatestonevergiveup—andthewords2muchmoretohimself.That’sbecauseChadisdeaf,andhetoldthestoryoftheserioustroubleshe3tograduatefirstinhisclassatHarrisonHighschoolinKennesaw,Georgia.

Chaddidn’tstartto4untilhewas5,accordingtohismother,PamWood.Althoughhersonwas5adisadvantage,shewasdeterminednottotreathim6.“I’veexpectedhimtodoeverythingeveryotherkiddoes,andIsawno7whyhecouldn’t,”shetoldABCNews.“Andifhe8thefirsttime,wejusttriedagain.”

Chad,17,workedhardthroughoutschool,9nospecialtreatmentbutsittingatthefrontoftheclassandusingaspecialaudiosystemsohecouldheartheteacher.Allhishardwork10.HereceivedfullschoolfaretoVanderbiltUniversity.“Deafnesshadtaughtmealessontonever11,”hesaidinthespeech.“Notwhentheexpertstellyouitcannotbedone.Notwhenyouhave12sofarbehindthatescapingseemstheonlyway13.Notwhenachievingyourdreamsseemsanentire14.”“z.x.x.k”

Chadspokeforaboutfourminutes,afterwhichhereceivedastandingapplausefromtheclassand15messagesfromfamily,friendsandstrangers.“They’vebeensendingmemessagesonFacebook,email;they’vebeentalkingtomeinpersontellingmehowithada16ontheirlivesandhowthey’rereally17byit,”ChadtoldABCNews.“Itfeels18.Seeingthatmywords19haveapoweronsomeoneandthattheywanttoworkharder20mywordsmakesmefeelwonderful.”

1．A.warningB.descriptionC.adviceD.information

2．A.analysedB.meantC.recognizedD.persuaded

3．A.neededB.facedC.consistedD.foresaw

4．A.cryB.writeC.smellD.hear

5．A.atB.forC.underD.by

6．A.deadlyB.kindlyC.differentlyD.similarly

7．A.harmB.reasonC.troubleD.conclusion

8．A.failedB.organizedC.succeedD.blamed

9．A.receiveB.receivingC.toreceiveD.received

10．A.setoffB.droppedoffC.tookoffD.paidoff

11．A.giveinB.giveupC.giveoutD.giveaway

12．A.waitedB.walkedC.fallenD.gone

13．A.upB.offC.inD.out

14．A.impossibilityB.successC.victoryD.possibility

15．A.scientificB.negativeC.supportiveD.cautious

16．A.rewardB.powerC.sourceD.detail

17．A.defeatedB.exposedC.educatedD.puzzled

18．A.unwillingB.amazingC.shockingD.embarrassing

19．A.actuallyB.suddenlyC.strangelyD.extremely

20．A.apartfromB.accordingtoC.insteadofD.becauseof

II.阅读理解

A

（2016·浙江）Ascientistworkingatherlabbenchandasix-month-oldbabyplayingwithhisfoodmightseemtohavelittleincommon.Afterall,thescientistisengagedinseriousresearchtouncovertheverynatureofthephysicalworld,andthebabyis,well,justplaying…right?

Perhaps,butsomedevelopmentalpsychologists（心理学家）havearguedthatthis＂play＂ismorelikeascientificinvestigationthanonemightthink.

Takeacloserlookatthebabyplayingatthetable.Eachtimethebowlofriceispushedoverthetableedge,itfallstotheground—and,intheprocess,itbringsoutimportantevidenceabouthowphysicalobjectsinteract（相互作用）:

bowlsofricedonotfloatinmid-air,butrequiresupporttoremainstable.Itislikelythatbabiesarenotbornknowingthisbasicfactoftheuniverse;noraretheyeverclearlytaughtit.Instead,babiesmayformanunderstandingofobjectsupportthroughrepeatedexperimentsandthenbuildonthisknowledgetolearnevenmoreabouthowobjectsinteract.Thoughtheirrangesandtoolsdiffer,thebaby’sinvestigationandthescientist’sexperimentappeartosharethesameaim（tolearnaboutthenaturalworld）,overallapproach（gatheringdirectevidencefromtheworld）,andlogic（aremyobservationswhatIexpected?

）.

Somepsychologistssuggestthatyoungchildrenlearnaboutmorethanjustthephysicalworldinthisway—thattheyinvestigatehumanpsychologyandtherulesoflanguageusingsimilarmeans.Forexample,itmayonlybethroughrepeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,andfinallyoverturningatheory,thatababywillcometoaccepttheideathatotherpeoplecanhavedifferentviewsanddesiresfromwhatheorshehas,forexample,unlikethechild,Mommyactuallydoesn’tlikeDovechocolate.

Viewingchildhooddevelopmentasascientificinvestigationthrowslightonhowchildrenlearn,butitalsooffersaninspiringlookatscienceandscientists.Whydoyoungchildrenandscientistsseemtobesomuchalike?

Psychologistshavesuggestedthatscienceasaneffort—thedesiretoexplore,explain,andunderstandourworld—issimplysomethingthatcomesfromourbabyhood.Perhapsevolution（进化）providedhumanbabieswithcuriosityandanaturaldrivetoexplaintheirworlds,andadultscientistssimplymakeuseofthesamedrivethatservedthemaschildren.Thesamecognitive（认知的）systemsthatmakeyoungchildrenfeelgoodaboutfiguringsomethingoutmayhavebeenadoptedbyadultscientists.Assomepsychologistsputit,＂Itisnotthatchildrenarelittlescientistsbutthatscientistsarebigchildren.＂

1.Accordingtosomedevelopmentalpsychologists,.

A.ababy’splayisnothingmorethanagame

B.scientificresearchintobabies’gamesispossible

C.thenatureofbabies’playhasbeenthoroughlyinvestigated

D.ababy’splayissomehowsimilartoascientist’sexperiment

2.WelearnfromParagraph2that.

A.scientistsandbabiesseemtoobservetheworlddifferently

B.scientistsandbabiesofteninteractwitheachother

C.babiesarebornwiththeknowledgeofobjectsupport

D.babiesseemtocollectevidencejustasscientistsdo

3.Childrenmaylearntherulesoflanguageby.

A.exploringthephysicalworldB.investigatinghumanpsychology

C.repeatingtheirownexperimentsD.observingtheirparents’behaviors

4.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Theworldmaybemoreclearlyexplainedthroughchildren’splay.

B.Studyingbabies’playmayleadtoabetterunderstandingofscience.

C.Childrenmayhavegreaterabilitytofigureoutthingsthanscientists.

D.One’sdriveforscientificresearchmaybecomestrongerashegrows.

5.Whatistheauthor’stonewhenhediscussestheconnectionbetweenscientists’researchandbabies’play?

A.Convincing.B.Confused.

C.Confident.D.Cautious.

B

（2017·浙江）BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamel’shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.

Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolookragged（蓬乱）.Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.

Thecat’slotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear,oneofBenjamin’scousins,Mr.Pennington,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin’sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings（版画）byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,Mr.Penningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin’sparentsifhemighttaketheboytoPhiladelphiaforavisit.

Inthecity,Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape（风景）painting.WilliamWilliams,awell-knownpainter,cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid,＂Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.＂Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.

6.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Benjamin’svisittoPhiladelphia.

B.Williams’influenceonBenjamin.

C.ThebeginningofBenjamin’slifeasanartist.

D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3suggest?

A.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.

B.Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.

C.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.

D.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.

8.WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?

A.Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.

B.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.

C.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.

D.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.

9.Williams’twobookshelpedBenjaminto________.

A.mastertheuseofpaints

B.appreciatelandscapepaintings

C.gettoknowotherpainters

D.makeuphismindtobeapainter

Ⅲ.七选五型阅读理解

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

ControllingAnger

Becomingangryissomethingbeyondthecontrolofpeople　1　Becomingangrycandoalotofdamages,bothmentalandphysical.However,therearemethodsfordiscoveringhowtocontrolangerandnotsufferlater.

●　2　Themomentyoufeeltherearechancesofyoubecomingangry,getawayfromthosecircumstances.Infact,therecanbenobetterajudg