新东方四级精品班讲义阅读讲义打印版.docx

新东方四级精品班讲义阅读讲义打印版.docx

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新东方四级精品班讲义阅读讲义打印版

第一部分阅读理解全真试题

Unit1

PassageOne

Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterroristwithagun,butthemanwiththeportablecomputerinbusinessclass.Inthelast15years,pilotshavereportedwellover100incidentsthatcouldhavebeencausedbyelectromagneticinterference.Thesourceofthisinterferenceremainsunconfirmed,butincreasingly,expertsarepointingtheblameatportableelectronicdevicesuchasportablecomputers,radioandcassetteplayersandmobiletelephones.

RTCA,anorganizationwhichadvisestheaviation（航空）industry,hasrecommendedthatallairlinesban（禁止）suchdevicesfrombeingusedduring“critical”stagesofflight,particularlytake-offandlanding.Someexpertshavegonefurther,callingforatotalbanduringallflights.Currently,rulesonusingthesedevicesareleftuptoindividualairlines.Andalthoughsomeairlinesprohibitpassengersfromusingsuchequipmentduringtake-offandlanding,mostarereluctanttoenforceatotalban,giventhatmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights.

Thedifficultyispredictinghowelectromagneticfieldsmightaffectanaircraft‘scomputers.Expertsknowthatportabledeviceemitradiationwhichaffectsthosewavelengthswhichaircraftusefornavigationandcommunication.But,becausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerousornot.

Thefactthataircraftmaybevulnerable（易受损的）tointerferenceraisestheriskthatterroristsmayuseradiosystemsinordertodamagenavigationequipment.Asworrying,though,isthepassengerwhocan‘theartheinstructionstoturnoffhisradiobecausethemusic‘stooloud.

21.Thepassageismainlyabout________.

A）anewregulationforalairlines

B）thedefectsofelectronicdevices

C）apossiblecauseofaircraftcrashes

D）effectivesafetymeasuresforairflight

22.Whatissaidabouttheover100aircraftincidentsinthepast15years?

A）Theymayhavebeencausedbythedamagetotheradiosystems.

B）Theymayhavetakenplaceduringtake-offandlanding.

C）Theywereprovedtohavebeencausedbythepassengersportablecomputers.

D）Theyweresuspectedtohaveresultedfromelectromagneticinterference.

23.Fewairlineswanttoimposeatotalbanontheirpassengersusingelectronicdevicesbecause________.

A）theydon‘tbelievethereissuchadangerasradiointerference

B）theharmfuleffectofelectromagneticinterferenceisyettobeproved

C）mostpassengersrefusetotakeaplanewhichbanstheuseofradioandcassetteplayers

D）theyhaveothereffectivesafetymeasurestofallbackon

24.Whyisitdifficulttopredictthepossibleeffectsofelectromagneticfieldsonanairplane‘scomputers?

A）Becauseitisextremelydangeroustoconductsuchresearchonanairplane.

B）Becauseitremainsamysterywhatwavelengthsareliabletobeinterferedwith.

C）Becauseresearchscientistshavenotbeenabletoproducethesameeffectsinlabs.

D）Becauseexpertslackadequateequipmenttodosuchresearch.

25.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor________.

A）isinfavorofprohibitingpassengers‘useofelectronicdevicescompletely

B）hasoverestimatedthedangerofelectromagneticinterference

C）hasn‘tformedhisownopiniononthisproblem

D）regardsitasunreasonabletoexerciseatotalbanduringflight

PassageTwo

Theriseofmultinationalcorporations（跨国公司）,globalmarketing,newcommunicationstechnologies,andshrinkingculturaldifferenceshaveledtoanunparalleledincreaseinglobalpublicrelationsorPR.

Surprisingly,sincemodernPRwaslargelyanAmericaninvention,theU.S.leadershipinpublicrelationsisbeingthreatenedbyPReffortsinothercountries.Tenyearsago,forexample,theworld‘stopfivepublicrelationsagencieswereAmerican-owned.In1991,onlyonewas.TheBritishinparticulararebecomingmoresophisticatedandcreative.ArecentsurveyfoundthatmorethanhalfofallBritishcompaniesincludePRaspartoftheircorporate（公司的）planningactivities,comparedtoaboutone-thirdofU.S.companies.ItmaynotbelongbeforeLondonreplacesNewYorkasthecapitalofPR.

WhyisAmericalaggingbehindintheglobalPRrace?

First,Americansasawholetendtobefairlyprovincialandtakemoreofaninterestinlocalaffairs.Knowledgeofworldgeography,forexample,hasneverbeenstronginthiscountry.Secondly,AmericanslagbehindtheirEuropeanandAsiancounterparts（相对应的人）inknowingasecondlanguage.Lessthan5percentofBurson—Marshall‘sU.S.employeesknowtwolanguages.OgilvyandMatherhasaboutthesamepercentage.Conversely,someEuropeanfirmshavehalformoreoftheiremployeesfluentinasecondlanguage.Finally,peopleinvolvedinPRabroadtendtokeepaclosereyeoninternationalaffairs.InthefinancialPRarea,forinstance,mostAmericansreadtheWallStreetJournal.Overseas,theircounterpartsreadtheJournalaswellastheFinancialTimesofLondonandTheEconomist,publicationsnotoftenreadinthiscountry.

PerhapsthePRindustrymighttakealessonfromTedTurnerofCNN（CableNewsNetwork）.Turnerrecentlyannouncedthattheword“foreign”wouldnolongerbeusedonCNNnewsbroadcasts.AccordingtoTurner,globalcommunicationshavemadethenationsoftheworldsointerdependentthatthereisnolongeranysuchthingsasforeign.

26.Accordingtothepassage,U.S.leadershipinpublicrelationsisbeingthreatenedbecauseof________.

A）anunparalleledincreaseinthenumberofpublicrelationscompanies

B）shrinkingculturaldifferencesandnewcommunicationstechnologies

C）thedecreasingnumberofmultinationalcorporationsintheU.S.

D）increasedeffortsofothercountriesinpublicrelations

27.LondoncouldsoonreplaceNewYorkasthecenterofPRbecause________.

A）BritishcompaniesaremoreambitiousthanU.S.companies

B）BritishcompaniesplacemoreimportanceonPRthanU.S.companies

C）Britishcompaniesareheavilyinvolvedinplanningactivities

D）fouroftheworld‘stoppublicrelationsagenciesareBritish-owned

28.Theword“provincial”（Line2,Para.3）mostprobablymeans“________”.

A）limitedinoutlook

B）likepeoplefromtheprovinces

C）rigidinthinking

D）interestedinworldfinancialaffairs

29.WelearnfromthethirdparagraphthatemployeesintheAmericanPRindustry________.

A）speakatleastoneforeignlanguagefluently

B）areignorantaboutworldgeography

C）arenotassophisticatedastheirEuropeancounterparts

D）enjoyreadingagreatvarietyofEnglishbusinesspublications

30.WhatlessonmightthePRindustrytakefromTedTurnerofCNN?

A）AmericanPRcompaniesshouldbemoreinternationally-minded.

B）TheAmericanPRindustryshoulddevelopglobalcommunicationstechnologies.

C）PeopleworkinginPRshouldbemorefluentinforeignlanguages.

D）PeopleinvolvedinPRshouldavoidusingtheword“foreign”.

PassageThree

Brazilhasbecomeoneofthedevelopingworld‘sgreatsuccessesatreducingpopulationgrowth-butmorebyaccidentthandesign.WhilecountriessuchasIndiahavemadejointeffortstoreducebirthrates,Brazilhashadbetterresultwithoutreallytrying,saysGeorgeMartineatHarvard.Brazil‘spopulationgrowthratehasdroppedfrom2.99%ayearbetween1951and1960to1.93%ayearbetween1981and1990,andBrazilianwomennowhaveonly2.7childrenonaverage.Martinesaysthisfiguremayhavefallenstillfurthersince1990,anachievementthatmakesittheenvyofmanyotherThirdWorldcountries.Martineputsitdownto,amongotherthings,soapoperas（通俗电视连续剧）andinstallment（分期付款）plansintroducedinthe1970s.Bothplayedanimportant,althoughindirect,roleinloweringthebirthrate.Brazilisoneoftheworld‘sbiggestproducersofsoapoperas.Globo,Brazil‘smostpopulartelevisionnetwork,showsthreehoursofsoapssixnightsaweek,whilethreeothersshowatleastonehouranight.Mostsoapsarebasedonwealthycharacterslivingthehighlifeinbigcities.“Althoughtheyhaveneverreallytriedtoworkinamessagetowardstheproblemsofreproduction,theydescribemiddleandupperclassvalues-notmanychildren,differentattitudestowardssex,womenworking,”saysMartine.“TheysentthisimagetoallpartsofBrazilandmadepeopleconsciousofotherpatternsofbehaviorandothervalues,whichwereputintoaveryattractivepackage.”Meanwhile,theinstallmentplanstriedtoencouragethepoortobecomeconsumers.“Thisledtoanenormouschangeinconsumptionpatternsandconsumptionwasincompatible（不相容的）withunlimitedreproduction,”saysMartine.

31.Accordingtothepassage,Brazilhascutbackitspopulationgrowth________.

A）byeducatingitscitizens

B）bycarefulfamilyplanning

C）bydevelopingTVprogrammes

D）bychance

32.Accordingtothepassage,manyThirdWorldcountries________.

A）haven‘tattachedmuchimportancetobirthcontrol

B）wouldsoonjoinBrazilincontrollingtheirbirthrate

C）haven‘tyetfoundaneffectivemeasuretocontroltheirpopulation

D）neglectedtheroleofTVplaysinfamilyplanning

33.Thephrase“putsitdownto”（Line1,Para.3）isclosestinmeaningto“________”.

A）attributesitto

B）findsitareasonfor

C）sumsitupas

D）comparesitto

34.SoapoperashavehelpedinloweringBrazil‘sbirthratebecause________.

A）theykeeppeoplesittinglonghourswatchingTV

B）theyhavegraduallychangedpeople‘swayoflife

C）peoplearedrawntotheirattractivepackage

D）theypopularizebirthcontrolmeasures

35.WhatisMartine‘sconclusionaboutBrazil‘spopulationgrowth?

A）Theincreaseinbirthratewillpromoteconsumption.

B）Thedesiref