在线考试网站系统 英文翻译.docx

在线考试网站系统 英文翻译.docx

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在线考试网站系统英文翻译

在线考试网站系统英文翻译

Onceuponatime,inafar-offcornerofalandrenownedforitswizardsandinventors,therelivedaGreatWizard.Likeothergreatwizardsbeforehim（thenamesofEliWhitney,OrvilleandWilburWright,andThomasEdisonstillringthroughouttheland）,thisGreatWizarddevotedhislifetoinventingproductsthatwouldimprovethelivesofpeoplethroughouttheknownworld.

Onebeautifulspringdayunderblueskieslacedwithwispyclouds（andtherewasgreatrejoicingthroughouttherealm,forsuchfinedaysarerareinthisfar-northland）,theGreatWizarddeclaredtoallhiswizardassistants:

“We

shouldcreateanewinventionthatwillhelpallpeoplestoreandmanageinformationmoreeasily.Inhonorofthisfineday,InamethenewinventionCirrus.”Andsoitcametopassthatthewizardassistants,toiling

ever-diligentlyovertheirkeyboards,createdthenewinvention.Whenthenewinventionwasalmostfinished,theGreatWizarddeclared:

“Wemustfullytest

thisnewinventionbeforewecansenditouttocompetewithproductsfromtherealmsofBorlandorAshton-Tate.Callforthpeoplefromaroundtheworld,and

Thebetatestersmarveledatthecapabilitiesweshalldubthembetatesters.”

ofthenewinvention.Theyexclaimed:

“Wecanassemblenewapplicationstomanage

ourdatainrecordtime!

Wecanstoreourinformationintables,askquestionswithqueries,editthedatawithforms,summarizetheinformationwithreports,andautomatetheentireprocesswithmacrosandBasic.Wecanevenaccessinformationwealreadyhavestoredintextfiles,spreadsheets,orevenotherdatastoragesystems!

”

TheGreatWizardstudiedtheinformationprovidedbythebetatesterswithgreatcareanddeclared,“Ithinkournewinventionisreadytoenterworld

competition,butweneedtogiveitanewname:

ACCESS!

Weshouldalsomakeiteasyforeveryonetoacquireanduseourgreatinvention,sowewillaskonlyforthesmallsumof$99toobtainthefruitsofourwizardry.”

Andsothenewinventionwassentoutintotheworld,anditimmediatelybecameagreatsuccess.Butthewizardswerenotfinishedwiththeirwork.Inthemanyyearshence（andayearisalongtimeintheworldofsuchinventions）,thewizardstoiledonandproducednotonebutsevennewversionsoftheiroriginalinvention.Theymadequeriesfasterandformsandreportsmorepowerful.TheyenhancedtheoriginalAccessBasiclanguage（renamingitVisualBasicforApplications）andmadeitcompatiblewithotherinventionsinthegroupofproductstheycametocallOffice.Theycreatedawaytodirectlylinkthepowerfulforms,reports,andVisualBasiccapabilitiesofAccesstoanotherinventionofthewizards:

MicrosoftSQLServer.

Meanwhile,anothergreatinvention—theInternet（orWorldWideWeb）—was

takingtheworldbystorm.Althoughthisnewinventionwasnotdirectlytheworkofthesewizardsofthenorth,theGreatWizardquicklyrealizeditsvalueanddeclaredthatallnewinventionsorenhancementstooldinventionsmustworkwiththeInternet.Inresponse,thewizardsworkingonAccesscreatednewtoolstomakeiteasytodesignWebpagesthatcandisplayorupdateinformationstoredinanAccessorSQLServerdatabase.TheymadeitpossibleforAccessapplicationsto

exchangeinformationwithWebserversbyaddingtheabilityforAccesstounderstandthenewdatastoragelanguageoftheWeb—ExtensibleMarkup

Language（XML）.AndinthelatestversiontheyhavemadeitpossibleforAccess

datastoredonaWebserver.queries,forms,andreportstoworkdirectlywith

Ignoringthemanbehindthecurtain（pleasepardonthemixedmetaphor）,wenowreturntotherealworldtocontinueourstory.

MicrosoftAccessToday

AccessisjustonepartofMicrosoft’soveralldatamanagementproductstrategy.

Likeallgoodrelationaldatabases,itallowsyoutolinkrelatedinformationeasily—forexample,customerandorderdatathatyouenter.ButAccessalsocomplementsotherdatabaseproductsbecauseithasseveralpowerfulconnectivityfeatures.Asitsnameimplies,Accesscanworkdirectlywithdatafromothersources,includingmanypopularPCdatabaseprograms（suchasdBASEandParadox）;withmanySQL（structuredquerylanguage）databasesonthedesktop,onservers,onminicomputers,oronmainframes;andwithdatastoredonInternetorintranetWebservers.AccessalsofullysupportsMicrosoft’sActiveXtechnology,soan

AccessapplicationcanbeeitheraclientoraserverforalltheotherOfficeapplications,includingMicrosoftWord,Excel,PowerPoint,Outlook,FrontPage,Publisher,andthenewMicrosoftOneNote.

AccessprovidesaverysophisticatedapplicationdevelopmentsystemfortheMicrosoftWindowsoperatingsystem.Thishelpsyoubuildapplicationsquickly,whateverthedatasource.Infact,youcanbuildsimpleapplicationsbydefiningformsandreportsbasedonyourdataandlinkingthemwithafewVisualBasicstatements;there’snoneedtowritecomplexcodeintheclassicprogrammingsense.BecauseAccessusesVisualBasic,youcanusethesamesetofskillswithotherapplicationsinMicrosoftOfficeorwithMicrosoftVisualBasic.

Forsmallbusinesses（andforconsultantscreatingapplicationsforsmallbusinesses）,theAccessdesktopdevelopmentfeaturesareallthat’srequiredto

storeandmanagethedatausedtorunatypicalsmallbusiness.AccesscoupledwithMicrosoftSQLServer—onthedesktoporonaserver—isanidealwayformany

medium-sizecompaniestobuildnewapplicationsforWindowsquicklyandinexpensively.ForlargecorporationswithabiginvestmentinmainframerelationaldatabaseapplicationsaswellasaproliferationofdesktopapplicationsthatrelyonPCdatabases,AccessprovidesthetoolstoeasilylinkmainframeandPCdatainasingleWindows-basedapplication.

MicrosoftAccesscanalsoactasadirectsourceofinformationpublishedonanintranetortheWorldWideWeb.DataaccesspagesletyouquicklycreateanddeployintranetapplicationsusingpagesthatyoucreatedirectlyfromAccessmuchlikeyouwouldcreateanAccessapplicationform.DataaccesspagescanretrieveandupdatedatastoredeitherinanAccessdatabaseorinMicrosoftSQLServer.MicrosoftAccess2003includesnewandenhancedfeaturestoallowyoutoexport

orimportdatainXMLformat（thelinguafrancaofdatastored

ontheWeb）ortodirectlylinktoanXMLdatasourceonaMicrosoftSharePointServicesWebsite.Youcanexportdata（orsubsetsofdata）storedinaMicrosoftAccessorSQLServer

databasetoaSharePointserverandthenlinkthosefilesbackintoyouroriginalapplication.

WhatIsMicrosoftAccess?

Ifyou’reaserioususerofapersonalcomputer,you’veprobablybeenusing

wordprocessingorspreadsheetapplicationstohelpyousolveproblems.Youmighthavestartedalongtime

basedproductsrunningunderMS-DOSbutsubsequentlyupgradedagowithcharacter-

tosoftwarethatrunsundertheMicrosoftWindowsoperatingsystem.Youmightalsoownsomedatabasesoftware,eitheraspartofanintegratedpackagesuchasMicrosoftWorksorasaseparateprogram.

Databaseprogramshavebeenavailableforpersonalcomputersforalongtime.Unfortunately,manyoftheseprogramshavebeeneithersimpledatastoragemanagersthataren’tsuitableforbuildingapplicationsorcomplexapplicationdevelopmentsystemsthataredifficulttolearnanduse.Evenmanycomputer-literatepeoplehaveavoidedthemorecomplexdatabasesystemsunlesstheyhavebeenhandedacomplete,custom-builtdatabaseapplication.TheintroductionofMicrosoftAccess,however,representedasignificantturnaroundineaseofuse.Manypeoplearedrawntoittocreatebothsimpledatabasesandsophisticateddatabaseapplications.

NowthatAccessisinitsseventhreleaseandhasbecomeanevenmorerobustproductinthefiftheditiondesignedfor32-bitversionsofWindows,perhapsit’

stimetotakeanotherlookathowyouworkwithyourpersonalcomputertogetthejobdone.Ifyou’vepreviouslyshiedawayfromdatabasesoftwarebecauseyoufeltyouneededprogrammingskillsorbecauseitwouldtakeyoutoomuchtimetobecomeaproficientuser,you’llbepleasantlysurprisedathoweasyitisto

workwithAccess.Buthowdoyoudecidewhetheryou’rereadytomoveuptoadatabase

systemsuchasAccess?

Tohelpyoudecide,let’stakealookattheadvantages

ofusingdatabaseapplicationdevelopmentsoftware.

WhatIsaDatabase?

Inthesimplestsense,adatabaseisacollectionofrecordsandfilesthatareorganizedforaparticularpurpose.Youmightkeepthenamesandaddressesofallyourfriendsorcustomersonyourcomputersystem.Perhapsyoucollectallthelettersyouwriteandorganizethembyrecipient.Youmighthaveanothersetoffilesinwhichyoukeepallyourfinancialdata—accountspayableandaccounts

receivableoryourcheckbookentriesandbalances.Thewordprocessordocumentsthatyouorganizebytopicare,inthebroadestsense,onetypeofdatabase.Thespreadsheetfilesthatyouorganizeaccordingtotheirusesareanothertypeof

database.ShortcutstoallyourprogramsonyourWindowsStartmenuareakindofdatabase.InternetshortcutsorganizedinyourFavoritesfolderareadatabase.

Ifyou’reveryorganized,youcanprobablymanageseveralhundredspreadsheetsorshortcutsbyusingfoldersandsubfolders.Whenyoudothis,you’rethedatabase

manager.Butwhatdoyoudowhentheproblemsyou’retryingtosolvegettoobig?

Howcanyoueasilycollectinformationaboutallcustomersandtheirorderswhenthedatamightbestoredinseveraldocumentandspreadsheetfiles?

Howcanyoumaintainlinksbetweenthefileswhenyouenternewinformation?

Howdoyouensurethatdataisbeingenteredco