专项讲解宾语从句以及练习题S.docx
《专项讲解宾语从句以及练习题S.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专项讲解宾语从句以及练习题S.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
专项讲解宾语从句以及练习题S
宾语从句
一.宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。
（一）作动词的宾语从句 ：
大多数动词都可以带宾语从句；部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
Hetoldusthattheywouldhelpusthroughthewholework。
Ihavefoundoutthatalltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.
IfeelitapitythatIhaven’tbeentotheget-together.
（二）介词的宾语从句， 有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.
、
Iknownothingaboutmynewneighborexceptthatheusedtoworkwithacompany.
（三）作形容词的宾语从句
常见的形容词有:
sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
IamsureIwillpasstheexam./IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.
口诀：
宾语从句三姊妹，that，if/whether，wh-/how展风采。
展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时太关。
陈述语序永不变。
二、根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
（宾从三姊妹）
1..that引导：
weknew（that）weshouldlearnfromeachother.
whether引导：
Pleasetellmeif/whethryouhavebeentoAmerica.
—
3.由5w代词，4w副词引导的宾语从句。
这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
（连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how）
Doyouknowwho（whom）theyarewaitingfor
Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.
Canyoutellmewherethebusstopis
二、宾语从句三关：
1.引导词关
如果从句是陈述语序，引导词用that，（that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略）。
如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if、wether；如果从句是特殊疑问句；引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词和疑问副词。
（1）weknew（that）weshouldlearnfromeachother.
【
（2）由5w代词，4w副词引导的宾语从句：
Canyoutellmewherethebusstopis
（3）由if或whether引导的宾语从句。
If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
Iwanttoknowif（whether）helivesthere./Heaskedmewhether（if）Icouldhelphim.
2．语序关
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
（1）陈述句变宾语从句，语序不变，仍用陈述语序。
heisanhonestboy.Thetaechersaid.→theteachersaid（that）wasanhonestboy.
（2）一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。
/
DoesheworkhardIwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.
WhendidheleaveIdon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.
3、时态关（主现从随，主过从过，主随从现）
（1）如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
Idon’tthink（that）youareright.
Wewanttoknowwherehewenttoyesterday.
CanyoutellmewhatyouwilldonextSunday
（2如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。
】
Heaskedwhattimeitwas.
Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.
Hesaidthathewouldgobacktothe.soon.
HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.
（3）如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。
例如：
OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.
Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.
三、注：
If和whether在以下几种情况不可以互换，只能用whether不能用if的情况：
【
1.在介词之后用whether。
如：
I'minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish．
We'rethinkingaboutwhetherwecanfinishtheworkontime．\
IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings．
2.在具有选择意义，又有ornot时，
MaryaskedwhetherIwaswacthingthevoiceofchinaornot.
Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.
3.在不定式前用whether。
如：
|
Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman．
Idon'tknowwhethertogo．
Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertogobybusorbytrain．
置于句首时，不能换用if。
如：
Whetherthisistrueornot，Ican'tsay．这是否真的我说不上来。
5.若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。
如：
Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook．可理解为：
a．Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook．请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。
]
b．Ifyoulikethebook，pleaseletmeknow．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。
宾语从句谓语动词是doubt是，后面接的一般疑问句时通常用if或者whether引导，如果是don’tdoubt则用that。
Idoubtwether/ifyouwillcome.
Idon’tdoubtthatyouwillcome
四.宾语从句的否定转移（否定前置）
当宾语从句表示否定意义时，如果主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等词时，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。
Wedon’tbelievehewillcome.
Idon’tthinkthereisanythingwrongwiththeradio.
—
要掌握好宾语从句，主要应该注意以下三个关键：
1．连接词：
根据从句类型而定。
2．语序：
用陈述句语序。
3．时态：
根据主句中谓语动词的时态而定。
（自然、科学规律及真理可以除外）
中考例题：
1.MissGreendidn’ttellus_______in2002.
A.wheredoessheliveB.Whereshelives
C.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived
2.Wouldyoupleasetellme________
;
didhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootball
C.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame
don’tknowwhen__________.
A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleave
C.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave
don’tknow_____________.
---ItissaidthathewasborninSweden.
A.whatheisB.ifheliveshere
;
C.wherehecomesfromD.whichcountryishefrom
练习:
1.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.（北京市东城区）
A.thatB.howC.whatD.if
2.—Idon'tknow_____Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.
—HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.（杭州市）
A.whyB.whenC.howD.where
3.—Weneverknow_____theoldmanis.
—Theysayheisateacher.（鄂州市）
A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where
4.Iwastold_____BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.（重庆市）
A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen
5.—Doyouknow_____I'mgoingtoseehim.
—Sorry,Idon'tknow.（北京市海淀区）
A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.Lilive
C.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived
6.—Wheredoyouthink_____he_____thecomputer？
—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.（南京市）
A.／;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.does;buy
·
7.Idon'tfeelverywell.Mumaskedme_____thismorning.（重庆市）
A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrong
C.whatthematterwasD.whatwrongwas
8.—WhereisJack？
—Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He'sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI'mnotsure_____.（南昌市）
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there
9.Ifit________tomorrowwe'llgotothepark.
A.willnotrainB.doesn'trainC.isnotrainingD.didn'train
10.Theradiosaysthesnow______lateintheday.
A.stopsB.willstopC.hasstoppedD.stopped
11.Thenursetoldthechildrenthesun______intheeast.
A.risesB.roseC.willriseD.hasrisen
12.-Couldyoutellme_______sheislookingfor -Hercousin,Susan.
A.thatB.whoseC.whomD.which
13.-WhenaretheShutesleavingforNewYork-Pardon-Iasked___________.
A.whenaretheShutesleavingforNewYork C.whenweretheShutesleavingforNewYork
B.whentheShutesareleavingforNewYork D.whentheShuteswereleavingforNewYork
14.Wouldyoupleasetellme________next，Mr.Wang
A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhat C.whatweshoulddoD.shoulddowhat
…
15.Mr.Kingdidn'tknow_______yesterdayevening.
A.whendoeshissoncomebackB.whenhissoncomesback
C.whendidhissoncomehomeD.whenhissoncamehome
16.Alicehasgonetotheclassroomandshedidn'tsay____.
A.whendidshecomebackB.whenwouldshebeback
C.whenshecamebackD.whenshewouldbeback
17.-I'msorryIbrokeyourcoffeecup. -Oh，really_________.
A.Itdoesn'tmatterB.Idon'tknow C.it'sOKwithmeD.You'rewelcome
18.-Wouldyoumindcallingmebacktomorrowagain -_________.
A.NotatallB.You'rewelcomeC.You'rerightD.Nicetomeetyou
、
宾语从句专项训练
（一）
I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。
1．Idon'tknow_________hewillcometomorrow．_________hecomes，I'lltellyou．
A．if；WhetherB．whether；Whether
C．if；ThatD．if；If
2．Idon'tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow．
A．whendoeshecomeB．howwillhecome
C．ifhecomesD．whetherhe'llcome
3．Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis
A．whatB．howC．whetherD．where
4．Couldyoutellme_________theradiowithoutanyhelp
A．howdidhemendB．whatdidhemend
C．howhemendedD．whathemended
5．Iwanttoknow_________．
A．whomisshelookingafterB．whomsheislooking
C．whomisshelookingD．whomsheislookingafter
、
6．Doyouknowwhere_________now
A．helivesB．doesheliveC．helivedD．didhelive
7．Doyouknowwhattime_________
A．thetrainleaveB．doesthetrainleave
C．willthetrainleaveD．thetrainleaves
8．Idon'tknow_________．Canyoutellme，please
A．howthetwoplayersareoldB．howoldarethetwoplayers
C．thetwoplayersarehowoldD．howoldthetwoplayersare
9．Thesmallchildrendon'tknow_________．
A．whatistheirstockingsinB．whatisintheirstockings
C．whereistheirstockingsinD．whatintheirstockings
10．Ican'tunderstand_________．
A．whatdoesChristmasmeanB．whatChristmasdoesmean
C．whatmeanChristmasdoesD．whatChristmasmeans11.Pleasetellme___ .Ihavesomegoodnewsforhim.
A.whereRobertlives B.wheredoesRobertlive
C.whereRobertlived D.wheredidRobertlive
12.—Wedon’tknow______ .—ItissaidthathewasborninCanada．
}
A．whatheis B．whenhewasbornC．wherehecomesfrom D．ifheliveshere
13.—MayIcomeinI’msorryIamlate.
—Comein,please.Butcouldyoupleasetellme______
A.whyyouarelateagain B.whatwereyoudoingthen
C.whoyoutalkedwith D.howdoyoucametoschool
14.Couldyoutellme________
A.WhenwillMarycomeback B.WhenMarycomesback
C.WhenMarywillcomeback （2008青海省）
15.—Whatdidyousayjustnow—Iasked_______.
A.thatIcouldopenthedoor B.couldIopenthedoor
C.howcouldIopenthedoor D.howIcouldopenthedoor
16.—Doyouknow________,Mike
—OnMay12th,2008
A.whentheearthquaketookplaceinWenChuan
B.whendidtheearthquaketakeplaceinWenChuan
C.whentheearthquakewilltakeplaceinWenChuan
宾语从句专项训练
（二）
1、Idon’tknow__________.
oldishe B.howoldheis C.Howoldheis
2、Canyoutellme_______？
A．whereheis B．whereisheC．heiswhereD．whatishe
3、Ididn'tknowhow_______toLondon？
A．wouldtheygoB．aretheygoingC．theywouldgoD．theyaregoing
4、Iwanttoknowhowlong_______.
A．hashebeenbackB．hashecomebackC．hehasbeenbackD．hehascomeback
5、Doyouknow_______？
A．whatthenewsareB．wha
升级会员 