英语高级句型.docx
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英语高级句型
英语高级句型
英语高级句型
I.否定句 II.判断句 III.祝愿祈使句 IV.感叹句 V.疑问句
VI.数词句型 VII.关联指代 VIII.比较句型 IX.比喻句型
I.否定句
1.主语+否定谓语，not+同前主语用语加强否定语气。
I’llnotdosuchathing,notI.
Hewon’tbreakhisword,nothe.
Tomcan’tspeakRussian,nothe.
2.主语+否定谓语+muchless/stillless+词组或从句 用语进一步否定。
Icouldnotassentto,muchlessparticipateinsuchproceedings.
Hedoesn’tlikemusic,stillless/muchlessdancing.
Ididn’tevenseehim,stillless/muchlessshakehandswithhim.
3.主语+否定谓语+tosaynothingof/nottospeakof/nottomention+名词
主语+否定谓语+letalone+名词或从句 用语进一步否定。
Hedoesn’tknowEnglish,tosaynothingofGermanorFrench.
Idon’tknowalgebraorgeometry,nottomentioncalculus.
Ineverthoughtofit,letalone（muchless/stillless）didIdoit.
4.半否定词+or/if+否定代词或副词 表示半否定或让步否定。
Few,however,ifany,besidestheKinghimself,believedthatHermionewasquilty.
Isawlittleornothingofhimafteryouweregone.
Sheseldomornever（ifever）madeamistake.
Peterreadlittleornothing（littleifanything）insummervacation.
Mr.Morrisseldomorneverwentout.
5.主语+cannot+but/choosebut/helpbut+动词原型 意为“不得不，别无选择”。
Icannotbutadmirehiscourage.
Wecan’t（choose）butadmitthatincertainaspectsofscienceandtechnologytheyareaheadofus.
Wecan’tbutreadbookstoincreaseourknowledge.
6.（Therebe）No+主语+but+谓语+其它双重否定表示强烈之肯定。
（其中but相当于who...not,that...not,which...not）
Thereisnomanbuthashisfaults.
（Thereisnomanwhodoesn’thavehisfaults.
Thereisnomanwithoutfaults.
Allmenhavefaults.）
（Thereis）Nobodybuthashisfaults.
Thereisnorulebuthasexceptions.
Thereisnobodybutknowsthismatter.
7.A分句（否定）+but+B分句（肯定）借否定来强调肯定。
Itneverrainsbutpours.
Shenevercomesbutshebringsussomethingtoeat.
Theynevermetbuttheyfought.
8.主语+be+thelast+名词+从句/todo
Heisthelastpersontosaythat.
YouarethelastwomanthatIwanttomarry.
ThatisthelastplacewhereIexpectedtohavemetyou.
Lyingisthelastthingthatheislikelytodo.
II.判断句
9.主语+can’t+谓语+too+形容词/副词 表示强烈之肯定。
Youcan’treadtoomuch/manybooks.
Wecan’tbetoocareful.
Nobodycanhavetoomanyfriends.
Shecanneverhavetoomanydresses.
10.主语+谓语+nootherthan/noneotherthan/nonebut+宾语/表语 强调判断句。
ThemanwasnootherthanJohn.
Wedependonnonebutourselves.
11.主语+benothing+elsebut/elsethan/lessthan+表语 强调判断句。
Heisnothingbutapapertiger.
Thesituationisnothingelsebut/thanfine.
Thatisnothinglessthanamiracle.
Geniusisnothingbutlaboranddiligence.
12.主语+benotA,butB./主语+be+B+and（but）notA. 选择判断句。
Iamveryill,notbodily,butmentally.
Thetragedyisnotinnotknowing,butinnotknowingthatyoudon’tknow.
Itisyours,andnotmine.
Itisnotmine,butyours.
13.（Itis）NotthatA+butthatB. 选择判断句。
ItisnotthatIdislikethework,butthatIhavenotime.
NotthatweareafraidofAmericans,butthattheyareafraidofus.
Itisnotheroesthatmakehistory,buthistorythatmakesheroes,andthat,consequently,itisnotheroeswhocreateapeople,butthepeoplewhocreateheroesandmorehistoryonward.
14.Sofarfrombeing...,主语+谓语 选择判断句。
Sofarfrombeingahelp,heisahindrance.
Sofarfrombeingashamedofit,hetakesprideinit.
Sofarfrombeingtrue,thenewsisfalse.
15.主语+be+lessAthanB./主语+be+moreBthanA. 比较判断句。
Experienceshowsthatsuccessisduelesstoabilitythantozeal.
Itisevenmoreapicturethatapoem.
Heismoreshythan（heis）unsocial.
Heismoreangry（notangrier）thanfrightened.
16.主语+be+BratherthanA. 与其说，不如说。
比较判断句。
Heisanordinaryworkerratherthanaleader.
Heisratherdiligentthanclever.
Thepatientwasworseratherthanbetter.
Heisanartistratherthanaphilosopher.
17.主语+benotsomuchAasB. 与其说，不如说。
比较判断句。
Heisnotsomuchascholarasawriter.
Itisnotsomuchahelpasadvice.
Aman’sworthliesnotsomuchinwhathehasasinwhatheis.
18.主语+bebeing+doing. 故意,有意。
Sheisbeingkind.
Theyarebeingfriendly.
Tomisbeingnaughty.
Heisbeinggood/helpful/afool.
19.时间+see/witness+宾语 拟人表达。
ThetwentiescenturysawtherapiddevelopmentofIT.
ThehappyMaywitnessedtheirgrandwedding.
1976sawthelossoftwogreatmeninChina.
III.祝愿祈使句
20.Besokind/goodastodosth. 委婉的请求。
Begood/kindenoughtodosth.
Besokind/kindenoughtoshutthedoor.
Besogoodastocomeandjoinus.
Begoodenough（sogoodas）tohelpmewithmyEnglish.
21.Supposing/Suppose主语+动词原形 类似let，但更委婉。
Supposewetrytodoitmyway.
Supposewestarttomorrow.
Supposingwegoforaswim.
Supposingwebuyacar.
22.Longlive+第三人称主语 ...万岁。
Longlivethepeople!
Longliveourmotherland!
23.May+主语+动词原形 祝愿。
Mayyoureturnsoon.
Mayhebehappy.
Maysheneverrepentthisact.
（May）Godblessyou.
24.名词to名词 祝愿。
Glorytothepeople!
Successtoyou!
Bestwishestoyou!
Ahappyjourneytoyou!
25.Ifonly+主语+虚拟谓语 若...就好了。
IfonlyMaoZedongwerestillbyoursidetoseethiswithhisowneyes!
IfonlyIhadknownthenwhatIknewlongafterwards!
IfonlyIcouldseeheragain!
26.O/Oh/Ah,+that从句（虚拟）
O/Oh/Ah,+tobe+表语
O/Oh/Ah,+虚拟谓语+主语 虚拟的愿望。
Oh,thatshecouldcomebacktolifeagain!
Othathewerealiveandcouldseethis!
Ah,tobeinEnglandnowthatAprilisthere!
Otobeaboyagain!
Owereheonlyhere!
OhadIwings!
27.Be+主语+表语
表语+be+主语 书面语的愿望。
Beoursahappymeeting!
Lightbeherheartandgayhermerryeyes!
Sobeit!
（Somayitbe.Beitso.）
Blessedbehethatsparesthesestonesandcurstbehethatmovesmybones.
28.Would（that）+主语+虚拟谓语 祝愿。
虚拟的愿望。
Would（that）itwereotherwise!
Wouldthattheyweresafehomeagain!
WouldIwereawoman!
WouldthatIwereyoungagain!
IV.感叹句
29.Tothinkthat+从句（虚拟谓语）意外而感叹。
Tothinkthatyoushouldfail!
TothinkthatIshouldbesinsulted!
TothinkthatIknewnothingaboutit!
Tothinkthatyouare/weresocareless!
30.Fancy+动名词 表示“真想不到”。
Fancymeetingsomanyfriendshere!
Fancyhisdoingathinglikethat!
Fancyhismakingsuchawonderfulspeech!
Fancy（that）!
Justfancy!
V.疑问句
31.疑问词+intheworld/onearth/thedevil/ever...?
强调疑问句。
Whatintheworlddoyoumean?
Whoonearthtoldyouthat?
Whothedevilishe?
Whereeverdidyouloseit?
Whoeverwantsit?
32.疑问句+doyouthink/didyousay/canyouguess/doyousuppose+其它？
疑问句中插入成分。
WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddofirst?
Howoldwereyouthen,didyousay?
Howmanybooks,canyouguess,didhebuytheotherday?
33.肯定陈述，+肯定反问 修辞性反问以加强语气，非反意问句，故无需作答。
肯定反问中的动词须重读。
Weareoldfriends,notstrangers,right?
Soyouhaveseenthefilm,haveyou?
Sheisasweetgirl,isshe?
34.疑问词位置不在句首 特殊疑问句的灵活运用。
Fivetimeswhatnumbermakes20?
Youaretwenty-whatthisyear?
Heisyourwho?
Youboughtawhatyesterday?
Hewentallthewaywhere?
VI.数词句型
35.用exactly/clear/sharp 精确整数。
Theclothmeasurestenyardsexactly.
It’snowexactlyteno’clock.
It’stensharp.
Ittakesmethreecleardays.
36.about/orso/moreorless/some 约指整数。
Abouttenthousandcarswereproduced.
Hewrotesome800books.
Duringthepasttenyearsorso,theproductionhasincreasedby90%.
It’sanhour’sjourney,moreorless.
37.年龄表达
Iam20.
Iam20yearsold.
Iam20yearsofage.
Iamaged20（years）.
Myageis20（years）.
Heenteredschoolattheageof5.
Hebecameplumpat50.
Hegraduatedat20yearsofage.
Heisagirlof18（yearsold）.
Heisamanaged20years.
Theyareunder/below7yearsofage.
Sheisinherteens.
38.计量表达
Thetreeisabout60feethigh（inheight）.
long—inlength wide—inwidth thick—inthickness heavy—inweight
high（物）—inheight tall（人）—inheight deep—indepth across—inbreadth（宽度）
across—indiameter（直径） across—inradius（半径）
Thisroommeasures60feet（inlength）by15feet（inbreadth）.
VII.关联指代
39.On（the）onehand,...andontheother（hand）... 同一事物之两面。
Ontheonehand,Iamyourteacher,andontheother,Iamyourcomradeandfriend.
Theyhavebeenblamedontheonehandandlaudedontheother.
Ontheonehand,youshouldn’tbeshy;ontheotherhand,youmustn’tforgetyourmanners.
40.two（both）...theone（and）theother...
two（both）...theformer,thelatter...
two（both）...thefirst,thesecond...
two（both）...that,this...
two（both）...those,these... 先后两事物。
Ihavetwobrothers;theone（former）isfifteen,andtheother（latter）iseleven.
Workandplayarebothnecessarytohealth;this（thelatter）givesusrest,andthat（theformer）givesenergy.
Theykeephorsesandcattle,thoseforriding,andtheseforfood.
41.first...second...third...lastly...
firstly...secondly...thirdly...lastly...
one...two...three...four... 序列。
First,Iwishbothofyougoodhealth.Second,Iwishbothofyousuccessinyourwork;andthird,Iwishbothofyougoodluckineverything.
Whatdoweneedinordertoreallywin?
Weneedthreethings:
first,arms,second,arms,third,armsandarmsagain.
VIII.比较句型
42.某些形容词-or+to+被比对象 特殊比较级句型。
Hisstrengthissuperiorto/greaterthanmine.
Socialismissuperiortocapitalism.
Myknowledgeisinferiorto/lessthanhis.
Isyourfatherseniortomine?
Coloredpeoplearebynomeansinferiortowhitepeople.
Hisarrivalisposteriortothatofmyfriend.
43.Better...than... “宁可，最好”，Itis被省略。
Betterlatethannever.
Bettertodowellthantosaywell
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