高考英语二轮复习专题一第二部分题型应对策略第一讲理解文中具体信息细节理解题专题强化训练.docx
《高考英语二轮复习专题一第二部分题型应对策略第一讲理解文中具体信息细节理解题专题强化训练.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语二轮复习专题一第二部分题型应对策略第一讲理解文中具体信息细节理解题专题强化训练.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高考英语二轮复习专题一第二部分题型应对策略第一讲理解文中具体信息细节理解题专题强化训练
第二部分题型应对策略
细节理解题——直接细节题
（建议用时：
25分钟）
A
（2019·温州适应性测试）
BornintheStateofNewYorkonMay14th,1984,MarkZuckerbergwasaninstantsuccess.Inhishighschoolyears,hewasconsideredoneoftopstudentsintheclass,beforemovingintothearts,sciences,andliterature,againpickinguphighmarksandreceivingacademicpraise.ItearnedhimadmissiontoHarvardUniversity.
Asarebelliousyetrelativelyquietstudent,hecreatedawebsitecalledFacemashintheuniversity—aninstantlycontroversialwebsitethatencouragedstudentstorateeachotherbasedonappearance.
Thesitewascontroversialforseveralreasons.Thefirstwasitsillegaluseofphotographs,whichtheuniversityandstudentstookissuewith.Thesecondwasitscontroversialnature—noteverystudentlikesbeingrankedbasedontheirappearance.Thethirdwasitshugeresourceuse—whileitwashostedonHarvardservers,itwasthemostpopularpageintheuniversity’sentirenetwork.
Zuckerbergwassoonforcedtoshutthesitedown,butitspopularityandcontroversyhadmadehimconsideritsfuturepotential.HesoonturnedthesimplesiteintoapersonaloneforHarvardstudents,encouragingthemtonetworkwiththeirpeersatthecollege.Itwasthen,togetherwithhistwofriends,thattheylaunched“TheFacebook”，whichimmediatelyspreadtoothercollegesandgrewintoapublicservicethatanyonecouldaccessintheUnitedStates,whethertonetworkwithfriendsandfamily,ortoplaygames.
Thecompanyhasbeencriticizedfrequently,nevertheless,Zuckerberghasremainedtruetohisinitialvision—tocreateawebsitethattheentireworldcanusetocommunicateopenlyandeasilywithoneanotherandtokeeptheuserexperiencecleanandpure.Theendresultisoneoftheworld’sbiggestonlinebusinesses.
Althoughitstruevalueisdebatable,it’ssafetosaythatFacebook,anditscreatorMarkZuckerberg,aretwoofthetwenty firstcentury’smostinfluential,controversial,andpotentiallypowerfulfigures.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。
文章主要介绍了Facebook网站的创始人Zuckerberg创建网站的过程以及他努力克服所遇困难的故事。
1．WhatcanweknowaboutMarkZuckerbergwhenhewasastudent?
A．Hewasoftenpraisedbyteachersforthewebsitehecreated.
B．Hehadgoodacademicperformance.
C．HealonecreatedawebsitecalledFacebook.
D．Heencouragedstudentstosetupbusinesslikehim.
B 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句“Inhishighschoolyears,hewasconsideredoneoftopstudentsintheclass,beforemovingintothearts,sciences,andliterature,againpickinguphighmarksandreceivingacademicpraise.”可知，MarkZuckerberg在学生时期就有良好的学业表现。
故B项正确。
2.WhydidZuckerbergshutthesitedown?
A．Becausehiswebsitewasnotpopular.
B．Becausehewasdoubtedforthewayheusedphotographs.
C．Becauseheneededtimetoreconsiderhischoice.
D．BecausehestoleresourceonHarvardserver.
B 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第三段第二句“Thefirstwasitsillegaluseofphotographs,whichtheuniversityandstudentstookissuewith.”可知，他关闭该网站的第一个因素就是照片的非法使用。
故B项正确。
3．WhichwordscanbestdescribeZuckerberg?
A．Easy goingandsmart.
B．Quietandshy.
C．Talentedandoutgoing.
D．Rebelliousandcreative.
D 解析：
推理判断题。
根据第二段中的“Asarebelliousyetrelativelyquietstudent,hecreatedawebsitecalledFacemashintheuniversity”可知，Zuckerberg是一个叛逆的学生，并且在学生时期就创建了网站。
由此可推知，Zuckerberg是叛逆的和有创造性的。
故D项正确。
4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A．MarkZuckerbergandHisFacebook
B．TheFoundationofFacebook
C．ATalentfromHarvardUniversity
D．TheDevelopmentofFacebook
A 解析：
标题归纳题。
通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Zuckerberg在创建网站的过程中遇到的困难以及他努力克服所遇困难的过程，A项适合作本文的标题。
故A项正确。
[长难句分析] Itwasthen,togetherwithhistwofriends,thattheylaunched“TheFacebook”，whichimmediatelyspreadtoothercollegesandgrewintoapublicservicethatanyonecouldaccessintheUnitedStates,whethertonetworkwithfriendsandfamily,ortoplaygames.（第四段第三句）
分析：
本句是一个主从复合句。
Itwas...that构成强调句；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“TheFacebook”；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词apublicservice。
译文：
就在那时，他和两个朋友一起推出了“TheFacebook”。
Facebook迅速传播到其他大学并发展成为一项公共服务。
在美国，任何人都可以使用这一服务，无论是用来与朋友和家人联系，还是玩游戏。
B
Whileweatherforecasterscanmakefairlyaccuratepredictions,there’salwaystheriskthatyou’llbecaughtoutwhiledrivingintherain.ButthedaysofhavingtoquicklycloseyoursunroofcouldsoonbeathingofthepastthankstoJaguarLandRover’slatesttechnology.
Thefirmisdevelopingcarsthatcanadaptautomaticallybyclosingwindowsandroofsorstartingtheheateriftheydetectbadweatherisontheway.Theweatherforecastingsystemusesasetofairpressure,humidity（湿度）andlightsensors（传感器）tohelpitsvehiclespredictchangesinconditionsandadapttothem.Carsequippedwiththesystemcouldmakeslightchangestotheairconditioningifitfindstheweatherisgettingwarmerduringajourneyorincreasethecabintemperatureifitwillgetcolder.
Theforecastmayindicatethereisapossibilityofoneormoreweatherconditions,suchasrain,withinaperiodoftime,suchasfiveminutes.Thevehiclemaythenadapttothelocalweatherconditions.Inparticular,itmaycloseoneormorewindows,orclosearoofofthevehicleinresponsetoaforecastofrain.Similarlywindowscouldbedarkenedusingelectrochromic（电致变色的）glasstoimprovevisibilityifbrightsunshineisforecast.
Althoughit’sunclearwhetherthistechnologywillmakeitswaytoaproductionvehicleanytimesoon,suchasystemwouldbeadvantageousonautonomousvehicles.Sincethere’snohumandriverpresent,thesystemwillallowthevehicletomakeitcomfortableforitspassengers,basedoncurrentweatherconditions.Itcanalsomakethevehiclesaferifitknowsrainorsnowiscoming.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。
文章介绍了捷豹路虎最新的技术——天气预报系统。
该系统使用了一整套气压、湿度和光线传感器，帮助车辆预测大气状况的变化并加以适应。
5．HowwillJaguarLandRover’slatesttechnologybenefitdrivers?
A．Vehiclescanautomaticallydrivethemselves.
B．Vehiclescanfindpositionsandroutesthemselves.
C．Vehiclescanactasmobileweatherforecastingstations.
D．Vehiclescanopenwindowsandsunroofsautomatically.
C 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第二段第二句“Theweatherforecastingsystemusesasetofairpressure,humidity（湿度）andlightsensors（传感器）tohelpitsvehiclespredictchangesinconditionsandadapttothem.”可知，捷豹路虎的最新技术可以让车辆像可移动的天气预报站一样，帮助车辆预测天气状况的变化并加以适应，从而造福于驾驶员。
故选C。
6．Whatisthefeatureoftheglassofavehiclewiththenewtechnology?
A．Itcanhelpadjustthetemperature.
B．Itcanstillbeclearinrainydays.
C．Itistoostrongtobreakintopieces.
D．Itscolourcanchangewiththesunshine.
D 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第三段最后一句“Similarlywindowscouldbedarkenedusingelectrochromic（电致变色的）glasstoimprovevisibilityifbrightsunshineisforecast.”可知，采用新技术的汽车玻璃的颜色会随着阳光而改变。
故选D。
7．Whatcanweknowabouttheweatherforecastingsystemfromthetext?
A．Itisintelligentenoughtostopraining.
B．Itmakesthedrivermorecomfortable.
C．Itcan’tpredicttheweatheraccurately.
D．Itmakesautonomouscarssaferinbadweather.
D 解析：
细节理解题。
根据最后一段最后一句“Itcanalsomakethevehiclesaferifitknowsrainorsnowiscoming.”可知，天气预报系统会使无人驾驶汽车在恶劣天气下更安全。
故选D。
8．Wheremightthetextbetakenfrom?
A．Abookreview. B．Asciencereport.
C．Asciencefiction.D．Atravelbrochure.
B 解析：
文章出处题。
通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了捷豹路虎最新的技术，因此本文最可能出自科学报道。
故选B。
[长难句分析] Whileweatherforecasterscanmakefairlyaccuratepredictions,there’salwaystheriskthatyou’llbecaughtoutwhiledrivingintherain.（第一段第一句）
分析：
本句是一个主从复合句。
while引导让步状语从句；you’llbecaughtoutwhiledrivingintherain是同位语从句，说明risk的内容。
译文：
虽然天气预报员可以做出相当准确的预测，但你还会有在雨中开车时会淋雨的风险。
C
Who’rehappier,menorwomen?
Researchshowsit’sacomplexquestionandthataskingwhethermalesorfemalesarehappierisn’treallythathelpful,becausebasically,happinessisdifferentforwomenandmen.
Women’shappinesshasbeendecliningforthepast30years,accordingtorecentstatistics.Andresearchshowsthatwomenaretwiceaslikelytoexperiencedepressioncomparedwithmen.Gender（性别）differencesindepressionarewellconfirmedandstudieshavefoundthatbiological,psychologicalandsocialfactorscontributetothedifferences.
Earlystudiesongenderandhappinessfoundmenandwomenweresocializedtoexpressdifferentfeelings.Womenaremorelikelytoexpresshappiness,warmthandfear,whichhelpwithsocialbondingandappearmoreconsistentwiththetraditionalroleasaprimarycaregiver,whilemendisplaymoreanger,prideanddisrespect,whicharemoreconsistentwithaprotectorandproviderrole.
Recentresearchsuggeststhatthesedifferencesarenotjustsocially,butalsogeneticallyrelated.Studieshavelookedintothesefindingsfurtheranddiscoveredthatfemalesusemoreareasofthebraincontainingmirrorneurons（镜像神经元）thanmaleswhentheyprocessfeelings.Mirrorneuronsallowustoexperiencetheworldfromotherpeople’sview,tounderstandtheiractionsandintentions.Thismayexplainwhywomencanexperiencedeepersadness.Womentendtoexperiencemorenegativefeelings,suchasmoreguilt,shameandtoalesserdegree,embarrassment.
Psychologicallyitseemsmenandwomendifferinthewaytheyprocessandexpressfeelings.Withtheexceptionofanger,womenexperiencefeelingsmorestronglyandsharetheirfeelingsmoreopenlywithothers.Studieshavefoundinparticularthatwomenexpressmoreappreciation—whichhasbeenlinkedtogreaterhappiness.Thissupportsthetheorythatwomen’shappinessismoredependentonrelationshipsthanmen’s.
【解题导语】 本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面介绍了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。
9．Whichfeelingaremenmorelikelytoshowcomparedwithwomen?
A．Warmth.B．Depression.
C．Happiness.D．Disrespect.
D 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第三段最后一句中的“whilemendisplaymoreanger,prideanddisrespect”可知，男性表现更多的是生气、骄傲和无礼，故选D。
10．Whatfactorscausewomentosharefeelingsmoreopenly?
A．Psychologicalfactors.B．Biologicalfactors.
C．Educationalfactors.D．Soc
升级会员 