英语课后答案.docx

英语课后答案.docx

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英语课后答案

硕士英语综合教程2

课后习题答案

Unit1

Human-basedStrategy

1.ReadingComprehension

a.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.

（1）B

（2）C（3）A（4）A（5）B

b.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou’velearnedinthetext.

（1）theyvalueculturaldiversity;theyarefamilyfriendly;theyinvestinemployeetraining;theyempowertheiremployees

（2）theiremployees;HowardSchultz

（3）culturalandtechnicalaspects;coffeeknowledge,productexpertise,customerserviceandinterpersonalskills

（4）fullhealthanddentalcoverage,vacation,andparticipationinthecompanywidestockplancalledBeanStock

（5）selfmanagedworkteams;crossfunctionalteams

2.Vocabulary

a.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.

（1）astute

（2）ignite（3）enthusiasm（4）turnover

（5）transaction（6）interactwith（7）comeintocontactwith（8）empower

（9）superior（10）dropout

b.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.

（1）B

（2）D（3）A（4）C（5）B（6）A（7）D（8）B（9）C（10）A

3.Cloze

Chooseanappropriatewordfromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachwordcanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.

（1）motivated

（2）selecting（3）retain（4）relied

（5）differentiated（6）recruited（7）adaptability（8）prospective

（9）require（10）efficiently（11）comprehensive（12）challenge

（13）survived（14）rate（15）tripled（16）generous

（17）financial（18）reveal（19）premium（20）morale

4.Translation

a.ChinesetoEnglish

1）TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

（1）Thefascinationgeneratedbyexplorationwillinspireouryoungpeopletostudymath,scienceandengineering,andcreateanewgenerationofinnovatorsandpioneers.

（2）UponreturningtoEngland,heemployedthefavorablemediaattentionasalaunchingpadforhisforayintopolitics.

（3）Owningtothenatureofeverygrowingbusiness,youwillneedtobeonthegoconstantly,andalsobeonthegopreparedtoworkshiftwork,includingnightsandweekends.

（4）InAustralia,gasolinepriceshaveretreated,althoughfallshavebeenlimitedbecauseoftheweaknessoftheAustraliandollaragainstitsAmericancounterpart.

（5）TheAsianeconomyhaspresentedapositivetrend.Somecountrieshaveovercometheimpactofthefinancialcrisisandreviveddevelopment.Asiahasonceagainbecomethespotlightofglobaleconomicgrowth.

（6）China’saccessiontotheWTOcanpromotenotonlythedevelopmentofChineseeconomy,butalsothatoftheworldeconomyandwillinjectnewimpetusintotheprogressofAsianeconomyandworldeconomy.

（7）Thegrowingquantityofinformation,couplewiththedevelopmentoftechnologies,erablethestorageanddeliveryofmoreinformationwithgreaterspeedtomorelocationsthanhaseverbeenpossiblebefore.

（8）Thefutureissomethingwhicheveryonereachesattherateofsixtyminutesanhour,whateverhedoes,whoeverheis.

2）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

It’sactuallyprettynatural,andalmostunavoidable,formanagerstoformexpectationsoftheirworkers.Researchhasfoundthatinanorganization,ourexpectationsofotherscanbetieddirectlytoproductivity,profitability,andyes－motivation!

Ifyouhavehighexpectationsofyouremployees,youwillpossessapowerfulandeffectivetoolforimprovingperformanceandmotivationwithinyourorganization.Performanceisoftenamatterofexpectations.Managersandsupervisorsformexpectationsofothers,whichtheninfluencehowtheyinteractwiththosepeople.Ifyoudon’texpectmuchfromyouremployees,theywillsensethatandperformpoorly.Why?

Becauseyourexpectationsofthemaffecttheirdesiretodowell.Thepointisthatpeoplenaturallytrytoliveuptoourexpectationsofthem,orlivedowntothem,whateverthecasemaybe.Soexpectthebestfromyouremployeesanddon’tbesurprisedifthat’sexactlywhatyouget!

b.EnglishtoChinese

1）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

哪些做法才能区分以人为本的公司呢？

我们至少可以列出四条：

第一，它们重视文化的多样性。

他们根据年龄、性别和种族积极寻求一支多元化的员工队伍。

第二，它们具有家庭氛围。

公司通过为其员工提供灵活的工作时间以及现场托儿服务设施等帮助员工平衡工作和个人职责之间的关系。

第三，它们对员工培训进行投资。

这些公司花费巨资以确保员工的技能水平始终保持最新状态。

这不仅确保员工可以处理该公司的最新技术和工艺，而且还使这样的员工极具市场竞争力。

第四，以人为本的公司将权力下放给员工。

它们将权力和义务下放到公司的最底层。

2）ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

（1）首先,如果你把他们安排在那些既能够体现他们自身价值同时又对公司发展有利的岗位上,他们将会更加愿意展现出自己最棒的一面。

（2）如果你想激励员工让他们尽最大努力完成自己的工作,如果你想让他们成为公司最有价值的资产,那就让他们有公司的主人的感觉吧。

（3）你作为领导应该知道员工积极性与其工作表现之间有直接的联系。

事实上,这种联系取决于你公司的文化以及公司文化灌输给员工的热情。

（4）员工能提出越多关于自己工作的想法,也越有可能接受你的看法。

（5）只有当员工像老板进行投资那样决定投入自己的能力和精力的时候,他们才是真的“认同”,因此请给员工参与制定绩效标准的机会。

TextBDesigningCitiesforPeople

KeytotheExercises

a.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

（1）endupwith

（2）overwhelming（3）espouse（4）unprecedented

（5）beidenticalto（6）revive（7）deprivedof（8）deemed

（9）relyon（10）bias

b.Completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.

（1）theratioofparkstoparkinglots

（2）150millionpeople;2.8billionpeople;morethanhalfofusarelivingincities

（3）whatcouldbedoneforwhodidnotowncars

（4）theyaretheonlyplaceswherepeoplemeetasequals

（5）analternativetransportationsystem;inexpensiveandcommuterfriendly

（6）“biophiliahypothesis”;deprivedofcontactwithnature;ameasurabledeclineinwellbeing

（7）budgetallocationsfortransportation;heavilybiasedtoward;highwaysandstreets;shiftingresourcesfromroadsandhighways;urbantransitandbicyclesupportfacilities

（8）concentratefiscalresources;thesmallfractionoftheirpeoplewhoowncars

（9）functionalandaffordable;makingthemattractive,evenculturalcenters

（10）redesigncommunities;thecenterpieceofurbantransport;pedestrianandbicyclefriendly

c.DecidewhetherthestatementisTRUEorFALSEaccordingtothetext.

（1）F

（2）T（3）F（4）F（5）T（6）F（7）T（8）F（9）F（10）F

Unit3

CyberspaceNetwork

1.ReadingComprehension

a.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.

（1）A

（2）C（3）B（4）C（5）A

b.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou’velearnedinthetext.

（1）infrastructure,includingairtraffic,financialmarketsandevenbasicemail;incompetent,indecisiveandconfused

（2）iftheworld’smostinnovativetechnologycompanycannotprotectitscomputersfromdegitalaggressions,wecannotexpecttobeprotectedbythegovernment

（3）theyhaveresponsibilitytopovidesomehardevidencetosupporttheirclaims

（4）spamming,scammingandidentityfraud,whicharetheinevitablecastsofdemocratizingaccesstomultipurposetechnologies

（5）notaquestionofnationalsecuritybutaquestionofbasicgovernmentincompetence

2.Vocabulary

a.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.

（1）derail

（2）hype（3）spamming（4）nascent（5）simulate

（6）parlance（7）weaponry（8）unplug（9）hostage（10）civilians

b.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.

（1）D

（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）C（6）B（7）A（8）C（9）D（10）A

3.Cloze

Chooseanappropriatewordfromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachwordcanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.

（1）attack

（2）disruption（3）described（4）assaults（5）traced

（6）authorized（7）identified（8）sophistication（9）rogue（10）intrusion

（11）demonstrate（12）issue（13）ultimate（14）eventual（15）launch

（16）offensive（17）analysis（18）security（19）investigation（20）shined

4.Translation

a.ChinesetoEnglish

1）TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

（1）Gainingrealknowledgerequirestakingrisksandkeepingthemindopen—butmostpeopleprefertobereassuredratherthantolearnthecomplexandoftenunsettlingtruthaboutanything.

（2）Thesoldiersweresocourageousthattheysworntowipeoutanyenemythatdaretoinvadeintotheircountry.

（3）They’resolackinginconfidenceintheattractionofbroadcastingthegamesonTVthattheyfeeltheyhavetohypeupwithsomehystericalcommentatorinordertogetanyonetowatchthem.

（4）What’sworse,therearethosewhowouldunleashmaliciousnetworkattacksdesignedtoexploitthesehiddenvulnerabilitiestouncovertheprizeddatawithin.

（5）Thechangeofthegovernment’sinterferencestrategiesonhousingusheredinaperiodofstablehouseprices.

（6）Thisshowstrueleadership,sustainedvision,andsolidcommitment.Theywereapplaudedforstickingwithitforsomanyyearswithgreatsubtlety.

（7）Howtosingleoutthemostsuccinctwaytofinishtheworkstillremainsaproblem.

（8）ButDefenseSecretaryGatessaidtheUnitedStateshasputalotonthetableintermsofmissiledefenseproposalsanditistimefortheRussianstoreciprocate.

2）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

Accordingtosomemediareportsrecently,thecyberattackstoGoogleandmanyAmericancompaniesseemedtohaveoriginatedinChina.TheChairmanofChineseInternetAssociationrefutesthatitwasanirresponsibleprejudicetoallegeonthatcyberattacksoriginatedinChinawithoutthoroughinvestigation,andwasthereforeabsolutelyarbitrary.Withtherapiddevelopmentoninternetintheglobe,itwasdifficulttodeterminetheoriginbecauseoftheeaseofhidingidentitiesonline.Thehackermayhideidentities,logonthecomputerofaforeigncountryandcommitcyberattackstothecomputersinthethirdone.However,China’sinformationnetwork,aswellasmanyothercountries,alsofacesseverethreatofcyberattacks.Chinesegovernmenthasalwaysattachedgreatimportancetothesecurityofthecomputernetworkandstrengthenedinternationalcooperationtocrackdownoncrossbordercybercrimes,aswellasenhanceditscrackdownthroughcon