Toxic metal ions enter cells by means of the same uptake processes as essential micronutrient metal.docx

Toxic metal ions enter cells by means of the same uptake processes as essential micronutrient metal.docx

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Toxicmetalionsentercellsbymeansofthesameuptakeprocessesasessentialmicronutrientmetal

951

Evaluationoflateralspreadingusingartificialneuralnetworks  OriginalResearchArticle

SoilDynamicsandEarthquakeEngineering,Volume25,Issue1,January2005,Pages1-9

M.H.Baziar,A.Ghorbani

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AbstractAbstract|Figures/TablesFigures/Tables|ReferencesReferences

Abstract

Liquefaction-inducedlateralspreadinghasbeenaverydamagingtypeofgroundfailureduringpaststrongearthquakes.Althoughtheoccurrenceofliquefactionandlateralspreadingatagivensitecanbepredicted,themethodstoestimatethemagnitudeofresultingdeformationsisstillthefocusofmanyresearches.Inthisstudy,usingprofessionalsoftwarecalledSTATISTICA,aneuralnetworkmodelisdevelopedtopredictthehorizontalgrounddisplacementinbothgroundslopeandfreefaceconditionsduetoliquefaction-inducedlateralspreading.Thedatabase,implementedinthiswork,istheonecompiledbyYoudandhiscolleaguesintheirrevisedMLRmodel.Theinfluenceofseismological,topographicalandgeotechnicalparametersonresultingdeformationsandtheirdegreesofimportanceareinvestigated.Theresultsindicatethatthemodelpresentedinthisresearchservesasareliabletooltopredicthorizontalgrounddisplacement.ThecorrelationfactorsandtherootmeansquareerrorsobtainedinthismodelshowthesuperiorityoftheNeuralNetworkapproachoverthetraditionalregressionanalysis.

ArticleOutline

1.Introduction

2.Dataset

3.Revisedempiricalmodelsof2002

4.Artificialneural-networkmodels

4.1.DevelopmentofANNmodel-2003

4.1.1.Modelinputsandoutputs

4.1.2.Datadivision

4.1.3.Datapre-processing

4.1.4.Modelarchitecture

4.1.5.Weightoptimisation（training）

4.1.6.Stoppingcriteria

4.1.7.Modelvalidation

5.Resultsanddiscussion

6.Summaryandconclusions

References

952

Effectofteamtrainingonaircraftmaintenancetechnicians:

computer-basedtrainingversusinstructor-basedtraining  OriginalResearchArticle

InternationalJournalofIndustrialErgonomics,Volume27,Issue3,March2001,Pages141-157

DavidC.Kraus,AnandK.Gramopadhye

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AbstractAbstract

Abstract

Thebackboneofasafeandreliableairtransportationsystemistheaircraftmaintenancetechnician.Theseindividualsworkinacomplexenvironmentrequiringaboveaverageteamworkskillsastheycoordinate,communicateandcooperatewithothertechniciansandinspectorsaswellaswithotherdepartmentswithintheirorganization.Newtechnologies,suchasmultimediacomputers,maybeabletoprovidethenecessarytrainingtoenhancetheirteamworkskillsandimprovetheirperformance.Todeterminetheeffectivenessandapplicabilityofcomputer-basedmultimediateamtrainingforaircraftmaintenancetechnicians,acontrolledstudywasconductedtoexaminethetransfereffectsofcomputer-basedteamtraining（CBT）onteamperformanceintheaircraftmaintenanceenvironment.Tofacilitatetheresearch,acomputer-basedmultimediatool–theaircraftmaintenanceteamtraining（AMTT）software–wasdeveloped.Resultsofthisstudyindicatethatcomputer-basedteamtrainingwasaseffectiveastraditionalinstructorbasedteamtraining.

Relevancetoindustry

Thoughtheadvantagesofteamworkintheairlineindustryarewidelyrecognized,itisnotreadilysupportedbyworkcultures.Providingteamworkskillswillimprovebothperformanceandsafety.Moreover,theimportanceofteamtraininghasalsobeenemphasizedinthenationalplanforaviationinhumanfactors.

953

Digitalreal-timeplasmacontrolsystemforAlcatorC-Mod  OriginalResearchArticle

FusionEngineeringandDesign,Volume81,Issues15-17,July2006,Pages1905-1910

J.A.Stillerman,M.Ferrara,T.W.Fredian,S.M.Wolfe

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Abstract

Anewdigitalplasmacontrolsystem（DPCS）hasbeenimplementedforAlcatorC-Mod.Thenewsystemwasputintoserviceatthestartofthe2005runcampaignandhasbeeneffectivelycontrollingthemachinesincethen.Thissystemnotonlyprovidesadrop-inreplacementfortheoriginalC-Modcontrolsystem,whichwasbecomingincreasinglydifficulttomaintain,italsoprovidesaflexibleplatformtoexplorenewnon-linearandadaptivecontrolschemes.Itconsistsoftwo64input,16outputCompactPCIdigitizersattachedtoarackmountedLinuxserver,whichperformsboththeI/Oandthecomputation.

Duringinitialoperation,thesystemissetuptodirectlyemulatetheoriginalC-Modcontrolsystem:

thiscomprisesamatrixoflinearizedobservers,whichestimatethe16physicalquantitiesundercontrol,16PIDchannelsfortheconditioningoftheerrorsbetweenthephysicalquantitiesandtheirpre-programmedtargetwaveformsandamatrixofcontrollers,forfeedingbacktothepowersuppliesandotheractuators.Thematrices,thetargetandfeed-forwardwaveformsandtheothercontrolparametersaretimedependantandswitchaccordingtotheparticularphaseoftheplasmadischarge.Thecompatibilitywiththepreviouscontrolsystemallowstheexistinguserinterfacesoftwareanddatastructurestobeusedwiththenewhardware.ThecontrollingprogramiswritteninIDL,fromResearchSystemsIncorporated（RSI）,andrunsunderstandardLinux.Interruptsaredisabledduringtheplasmapulsestoachievereal-timeoperation.

Emulationoftheoriginalcontrolalgorithmsisaccomplishedusing50 μsperiteration,withthetimeevenlysplitbetweenI/Oandcomputation,soratesofabout20 kHzareachievable.Reliableverticalcontrolcanbemaintainedwithcycleratesaslowas5 kHzsothereisconsiderableheadroomforextracomputation.

Thenextstepsaretoexploretheoperationofthesystemonmultipletime-scales,theuseofadditionalcomputersinthereal-timeloopandtheimplementationofuserprovidedsignalprocessingandcontrolschemes.Thesewouldincludereal-timeanalysisofpowersupplydemands,real-timeMHDmodelling,andadaptiveresponsetonon-standard（unplanned）dischargeconditions.

ArticleOutline

1.Hybridcontrolsystem

2.PCSuserinterface

3.DPCSimplementation

3.1.Hardware

3.2.Software

3.3.Performance

4.Nextsteps

Acknowledgements

References

954

Informationsystemsandevidence-basedpolicyinmulti-agencynetworks:

Themicro-politicsofsituatedinnovation  OriginalResearchArticle

TheJournalofStrategicInformationSystems,Volume15,Issue3,September2006,Pages197-217

DavidG.Wastell

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Abstract

Theglobalprevalenceofpublicsectorreform,genericallydubbedtheNewPublicManagement,offerswide-rangingresearchchallengesfortheISfield.Thispaperaddressestwoimportant,thoughneglected,strandsofthemodernisationagenda,evidence-basedpolicyandpartnershipwork.ThedevelopmentofaGeographicalInformationSystem（knownasMADE）tosupportmulti-agencycollaborationisdescribedinthedomainofcrimereduction.TheapplicationofMADEtosupportpolicyworkiscontrastedintwolocalpartnershipcontexts:

thestatutorilyconstitutedCrimeandDisorderReductionPartnership,andanadhocforuminstigatedbythepolicetoaddressthespecificissueoflicensingreformanditsimpactonalcohol-relatedviolence.AlthoughtheGISinfrastructureisthesame,themanifestationofEBPwasmarkedlydifferent.Thisisinterpretedintermsofdifferencesinthesituatedmicro-politicsofthetwosettings.Intheformer,strongregulationbycentralgovernmenthas“translated”MADEintoatoolforgeneratingperformancetargetsandindicators.ThesecondsettingcomesmuchclosertothetruespiritofEBP,reflectingthegreaterautonomyofthenetworkandthestrongcommitmentbothtoevidenceandpartnershipofitsmainplayer.Ingeneral,thefindingsdemonstratetheimportanceofGIStothepolicyprocess,particularlyinthedomainofmulti-agencypartnerships.ThereareabroadrangeofopportunitiesforISresearchwithinthemodernisationproject.Theneedforethnographicstudiesofchangeatalocallevelishighlighted,andfortheadoptionofamorecriticalstancethanhasbeencharacteristicofmainstreameGovernmentresearchtodate.

ArticleOutline

1.Introduction

1.1.Evidence-basedpolicy

1.2.Partnershipworkinlocalcrimepolicy

1.3.Aimsandoverview

2.Methodologyandcontext

3.Findings

3.1.Casesetting1:

policy-makingincrimereductionpartnerships

3.2.Casesetting2:

theNightSafeBoard

4.Discussion

5.Conclusionsandfutureresearch

AppendixA.Crimediscourseatthefront-line

References

955

Comparisonofmercury,leadandarsenicwithrespecttogenotoxiceffectsonplantsystemsandthedevelopmentofgenetictolerance  ReviewArticle

EnvironmentalandExperimentalBotany,Volume52,Issue3,December2004,Pages199-223

ManomitaPatra,NiladriBhowmik,BulbulBandopadhyay,ArchanaSharma

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Abstract

Metalscan,whenpresentinexcess,orunderwrongconditions,andinthewrongplaces,produceerrorsinthegeneticinformationsystem.Thepre