高一英语基础阅读理解专项解析.docx
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高一英语基础阅读理解专项解析
高一英语基础阅读理解专项解析
文学与艺术
应考专项解析
——提问文章标题或者大意的选择题怎么回答?
一篇文章是一个有机的整体,如果有几个段落,则它们之间都有紧密的联系。
每篇文章又有各自的中心思想,我们又叫它主题句。
主题句的出现大致分为以下几种情况:
(1)位于文章的首段;
(2)位于文章的尾段;(3)位于文章的中段;(4)贯穿于文章的全文;(5)文章中没有直接表现出来,要通过深层理解才能找出文章的主题
在抓文章的主题时,我们可以先快速地阅读文章的开头和结尾,再回过头来阅读整篇文章,在细读和理解全文的基础上,结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、科学专业知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断,从而获取文章中暗含的信息,最后对文章做出归纳或概括,这对理解全文,把握作者的主旨和意图有好处。
题型简述
提问文章标题或大意用来考查考生对全文的整体理解能力和深层次的分析、判断、推理和归纳能力。
其题型一般有三种:
一种是选择文章的标题或大意;一种是回答文章的标题或大意是什么;最后一种是判断该句是否是文章的标题或大意
主要提问方式
这类题的主要有下列提问方式:
1.Thepassagemainlyshowsus_______.
2.Thepassageismainlyabout_______.
3.Thebesttitleofthestoryis_______.
4.Themainideaofthepassageisthat_______.
5.Thestorytellsus“_______”.
6.Thewriterismainlytalkingabout_______.
7.Fromthepassagewecanconclude(得出结论)that________.
8.Whatdoyouthinkthepropertitleforthepassageis?
9.Is…thepropertitleforthepassage?
PartOne
Passage1
Thefamousdirectorofabigandexpensivemovieplannedtofilmabeautifulsunsetovertheocean,sothattheaudiencescouldseehisheroandheroineinfrontofitattheendofthefilmastheysaidgoodbyetoeachotherforever.Hesenthiscameracrewoutoneeveningtofilmthesunsetforhim.
Thenextmorninghesaidtothemen,“Haveyouprovidedmewiththatsunset?
”
“No,sir,”themenanswered.
Thedirectorwasangry.“Whynot?
”heasked.
“Well,sir,”oneofthemenanswered,“we’reontheeastcoasthere,andthesunsetsinthewest.Wecangetyouasunriseoverthesea,ifnecessary,butnotasunset.”
“ButIwantasunset!
”thedirectorshouted.“Gototheairport,takethenextflighttothewestcoast,andgetone.”
Butthenayoungsecretaryhadanidea.“Whydon’tyouphotographasunrise,”shesuggested,“andthenplayitbackwards?
Thenit’lllooklikeasunset.”
“That’saverygoodidea!
”thedirectorsaid.Thenheturnedtothecameracrewandsaid,“TomorrowmorningIwantyoutogetmeabeautifulsunriseoverthesea.”
Thecameracrewwentoutearlythenextmorningandfilmedabrightsunriseoverthebeachinthemiddleofabeautifulbay.Thenatnineo’clocktheytookittothedirector.“Hereitis,sir,”theysaid,andgaveittohim.Hewasverypleased.
Theyallwentintothestudio.“Allright,”thedirectorexplained,“nowourheroandheroinearegoingtosaygoodbye.Runthefilmbackwardssothatwecanseethe‘sunset’behindthem.”
The“sunset”began,butafteraquarterofaminute,thedirectorsuddenlyputhisfaceinhishandsandshoutedtothecameracrewtostop.
Thebirdsinthefilmwereflyingbackwards,andthewavesontheseaweregoingawayfromthebeach.
直通考场
Readthepassageandchoosethebestanswer:
1.Oneevening,thedirectorsenthiscameracrewout_________.
A.tofilmasceneontheseaB.tofindanactorandanactress
C.towatchabeautifulsunsetD.tomeettheaudience
2.Whydidthedirectorwanttosendhiscrewtothewestcoast?
A.Becausehechangedhismindaboutgettingasunset.
B.Becausehewasangrywithhiscrew.
C.Becausehewantedtogetasceneofsunset.
D.Becauseitwashissecretary’ssuggestion.
3.Thedirectorwantedtofilmasunsetovertheoceanbecause______.
A.itwentwellwiththeseparationoftheheroandheroine
B.whentheyarrivedatthebeachitwasalreadyintheevening
C.itwasmoremovingthanasunrise
D.theoceanlookedmorebeautifulatsunset
4.Afterthe“sunset”began,thedirectorsuddenlyputhisfaceinhishands______.
A.becausehewasmovedtotears
B.ashesaweverythinginthefilmmovingbackwards
C.asthesunrisedidnotlookasbeautifulashehadimagined
D.becausehewasdisappointedwiththeperformanceoftheheroandheroine
5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.Thecrewhadtofollowthesecretary’sadvice(忠告).
B.Ifyouwanttoseeasunrise,theeastcoatistheplacetogo.
C.Thecameracrewwasn’tabletofilmthescenethefirstday.
D.Thedirectororderedhiscrewtostopfilmingthe“sunset”.
我的答案:
1._____2._____3._____4.______5.______
单词表
director
[di′rekt]
n.
导演
heroine
[′heruin]
n.
女主角
cameracrew
[′kæmrkru:
]
n.
摄制组
film
[film]
vt.
拍摄
provide
[pr′vaid]
vt.
供给;供应
coast
[kust]
n.
海岸
secretary
[′sekrtri]
n.
秘书
suggest
[′sdest]
v.
建议
bay
[bei]
n.
海湾
studio
[′stju:
diu]
n.
摄影室;录音室
了解这些用法
providevt.“供给,供应,把…;提供…,准备,(法律等)规定…”vi.“预防(灾害),(为将来)准备,赡养,抚养”
1)providesth.
Sheepprovidewool.羊提供羊毛。
Theschoolwillprovidetentsandfood.学校会提供帐篷和食物。
2)providesth.For/tosb.=providesb.withsth.
Theyprovidedfoodandclothesforthesufferers.
=Theyprovidedthesuffererswithfoodandclothes.他们提供食物和衣服给受难者。
3)provide+that从句
Thecontractprovidesthattherentmustbepaidmonthly.
合同上规定房租必须按月付清。
4)providefor/againststh.
You’dbetterprovidefor/againstanearthquake.
你们最好做预防地震的准备。
5)provideforsb.
Hehadtoprovideforthelargefamily.
他必须赡养这个大家庭。
Thechildrenarewellprovidedfor.
孩子们收到妥善照顾。
suggestvt.“(向…)提议…,建议称…,提议称…,暗示…,使…想起”
1)suggeststh.tosb.
Theysuggestedanotherdevelopmentprogramtothegovernment.
他们向政府提议另一项开发计划。
Isuggestedawayouttoher.
我向她提出一个解决问题的办法。
Whatdoestheword“black”suggesttoyou?
“黑”这个词使你联想到什么?
Theideasuggesteditselftohismind.这个念头浮现在他的心中。
2)suggestdoingsth.
MayIsuggestgoingtherebytrain?
=MayIsuggest(that)we(should)gotherebytrain?
我建议大家搭火车去那里如何?
Shesuggestedstayingthereforanotherday.
=Shesuggested(that)we(should)staythereforanotherday.
她建议在那里再停留一天。
3)suggest+(that)从句(句中通常用虚拟语气:
(should)+动词原形)
Shesuggested(that)we(should)havelunchatthenewrestaurant.
=Shesuggestedhavinglunchatthenewrestaurant..
她建议在那家新餐馆吃午饭。
(suggest作“建议”讲时,用虚拟语气)
Isuggestedthatyouhadasecretunderstandingwithhim.
我觉得你跟他心照不宣。
(suggest不作“建议”讲时,用陈述语气)
4)suggesttosb.+(that)从句(句中通常用虚拟语气:
(should)+动词原形)
Isuggestedtohimthathe(should)jointheclubactivity.
我建议他应该参加该俱乐部活动。
(suggest作“建议”讲时,用虚拟语气)
Isuggestedtohimthathe(should)doitatonce.
我建议他马上就干。
(suggest作“建议”讲时,用虚拟语气)
Isuggestedtohimthatthiswasagoodjobforhim.
我暗示他这对他来说是一份不错的工作。
(suggest不作“建议”讲时,用陈述语气)
5)suggeststh.
ThesummersuggestsourhappydaysintheSouth.
夏天使我们想起了在南方的快乐日子。
Ionlysuggesttheplan.Youdecide.
这个计划我只是建议建议,你决定吧。
【注意】suggestthat…中的that从句并非总是用虚拟语气:
表示“建议做某事”时,用虚拟语气;表示“暗示,表明…”时,则不用虚拟语气,而用陈述语气。
如:
Jane’spalefacesuggestedshewasill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe(should)haveamedicalexamination.简苍白的脸色表明她生病了,她父母建议她到医院做一下检查。
检验你的对与错:
1.A理解类试题。
第一段中“…plannedtofilmabeautifulsunsetovertheocean…”和最后一句中“…tofilmthesunsetforhim”说明了行动的目的。
2.C理解类试题。
第五段中“…we’reontheeastcoasthere,andthesunsetsinthewest”说明了原因。
3.A细节题。
第一段中“sothattheaudiencescouldseehisheroandheroineinfrontofitattheendofthefilmastheysaidgoodbyetoeachotherforever”说明了原因。
4.B理解类试题。
文章的最后一段说明了原因。
5.D同上,A、B、C项的陈述在文章的第前六段都已交待。
第七段和第八段的叙述使我们得知D项是错误的。
Translation
一部昂贵的大片导演计划在大洋的上空拍摄美丽的落日,以便观众在影片末尾可以看见男女主人公在夕阳前互道永别。
一天傍晚,他派出他的摄制组去拍摄夕阳。
第二天早晨他对摄制组的人说,“你们已经拍摄落日了吗?
”
摄制组的人说“先生,没有。
”
导演很生气,他问“为什么没有?
”
“呃,先生”其中一人回答道,“我们在东海岸,而太阳在西边落下。
如果有必要的话,我们可以在海上给你拍到日出,但拍不到落日。
”
“但我要的是落日!
”导演吼道,“到飞机场去,乘坐下一趟班机去西海岸给我拍落日。
”
就在那时,一个年轻的秘书想出了一个办法。
“你们为什么不拍摄日出,然后往后倒呢?
这样它看起来就像落日了。
”她建议道。
导演说“这是一个好主意!
”于是他转过头来对摄制组的人说,“我要你们明天把海上美丽的日出给我拍下来。
”
第二天清晨摄制组出去了,他们在美丽的海湾中心把海滩上美丽的日出拍下来了。
九点钟时,他们把拍摄的日出送到了导演那里。
“先生,给,”他们边说边把拍摄的带子交给了导演,导演对此很满意。
他们所有人都走进了录音室。
“好啦,”导演解释道,“现在男女主人公将要道别了。
把把胶片往后倒,这样我就能他们背后的‘落日’了。
”
‘落日’开始了,但是十五秒之后,导演双手捂着脸,大声叫摄制组停。
胶片中的鸟正在往后飞,海浪也在从海滩上往下退。
Passage2
ClaudeandLourisare“giraffes”.SoarepoliceofficersHankinsandPearson.Thesemenandwomendon’tlooklikegiraffes;theylooklikeyouandme.Then,whydopeoplecallthem“giraffes”?
Agiraffe,theysay,isananimalthatsticksitsneckout,canseeplacesfarawayandhasalargeheart.Itlivesaquietlifeandmovesaboutinaneasyandbeautifulway.Inthesameway,a“giraffe”canbeapersonwholikesto“stickhisorherneckout”forotherpeople,alwayswatchesforfuturehappenings,hasawarmheartforpeoplearound,andatthesametimelivesaquietandbeautifullifehimselforherself.
“TheGiraffeProject”isa10-year-oldgroupwhichfindsandhonors“giraffes”intheUSandintheworld.Thegroupwantstoteachpeopletodosomethingtobuildabetterworld.Thegroupmembersbelievethatapersonshouldn’tdrawhisorherheadback;instead,theytellpeopleto“sticktheirneckout”andhelpothers.ClaudeandLouris,HankinsandPearsonareonlyafewofthenearly1,000“giraffes”thatthegroupfoundandhonored.
ClaudeandLourisweregettingoldandtheylefttheirworkwithsomemoneythattheysavedforfutureuse.Oneday,however,theysawahomelessmanlookingforaplacetokeepwarmandtheydecidedthattheyshould“sticktheirneckout”andgivehimsomehelp.Today,theylivedinFriends’House,wheretheyinvitetwelvehomelesspeopletostayeverynight.
PoliceofficersHankinsandPearsonworkinalargecity.Theyseecrimeseverydayandtheirworkissometimesdangerous.Theyworkhardfortheirmoney.However,thesetwomenputtheirsavingstogetherandevenborrowedmoneytostartaneducationalcentertoteachyoungpeopleinapoorpartofthecity.HankinsandPearsonarecertainly“giraffes”.
直通考场
Readthepassageandchoosethebestanswer:
1.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Someofthepeoplearounduslooklikegiraffes.
B.Giraffesarethemostbeautifulanimalintheworld.
C.“Giraffes”isabeautifulnameforthosewhoarereadytohelpotherpeople.
D.A“giraffe”issomeonewhocanstickhisneckoutandseethefuture.
2.“TheGiraffeProject”isagroup_____.
A.ofpoliceofficersB.whichappearedtenyearsago
C.often-year-o