英语修辞方法2.docx

英语修辞方法2.docx

《英语修辞方法2.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语修辞方法2.docx（5页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

英语修辞方法2

修辞方法RhetoricalDevices

（2）

Personification

Itistotreatathingoranideaasifitwerehumanorhadhumanqualities.

1.Youthishotandbold;Ageisweakandcold.Youthiswild,andAgeistame.-----WilliamShakespeare

2.Thematchwillsoonbeoveranddefeatisstaringusintheface.

3.Thistimefatewassmilingtohim.

4.Thunderroaredandapouringrainstarted.

5.Duskcamestealthily.

6.Thestormwasragingandangryseawascontinuouslytossingtheirboat.

7.Thesunkissedthegreenfields.

8.Thethirstydesertdrankupthewater.

9.Theyouthweresinging,laughingandplayingthemusicinstruments.

10.Thetreesandflowersaroundthemdancedheartilyasiftouchedbymerrymood.

11.Thenight,likesomegreatlovingmother,gentlylaysherhandatourfeveredhead.

12.Ill-gottenwealthisbutanevilfriend.

13.Theleavesaretremblinginthecoldwind.

14.Thestormwassoangrythatitwantedtodestroyeverythinginthecoldwind.

15.Thethirstysoildrankintherain.

1.Thewavesweredimplinginthesunshine.（泛起笑窝）

2.Thegreenmountainsweredancing,andtheriversandlakessmiling.

3.Theroseblushesinthemorningbreeze.

4.Timewilltell.

5.Onthetablelaysomedog-earedbooks.

6.Thewindsighedinthetreetops.

7.Themoonisridinginthesky.

8.ThelambnoddedasIcamehome.

9.Pridegoesbeforeafall.

10.Success,health,andhappinessarebeckoningtoyou.

11.Poetryisthequeenofarts.

12.Truthnevergrowsold.

Zoosemy

Oppositetopersonification,itistotreatahumanasanobject,likeananimal,aplant,aninanimatething,oranabstractidea.

1.“Aluckydogyouare!

”exclaimedJim.

2.Terriblyhungry,themanwolfeddownallthecakes.

3.Childrenareflowersofourcountry.

4.Shefoundinhimmodelandadmiration.

5.Hisspoiltchildrenarerottengoodsthatwillneverprosper.

6.Likealionherushedtomeethisfoe.

7.Hesleptlikeadog.

8.Theprostitutesarenothingbutpapertoys,played,ruined,torn,andthrownintothegarbagecan.

9.Sheissheddingcrocodiletears.

10.Childrenarealwayseagertoapeothers.

11.Heisabookworm.

Euphemism

Itisthesubstitutionofamildorvagueexpressionforaharshorunpleasantone,forexample:

todietopassaway,toleaveus,one’shearthasstoppedbeating,tofallasleep

oldpeopleseniorcitizens,grayhair

mademotionallydisturbed

madhousementalhospital

whoreworkinggirl/callgirl/businessgirl/pavementprincess

dustmansanitationworker

prostitutesentertainer

lavatorybathroom,men’s/women’sroom,dressingroom,restroom,waterclosetInvasion,raidmilitaryaction

Drivinginhabitantsawayorcontrollingthempacification

concentrationcampsstrategichamlets

graveyardMemorialpark;memorypark

FirstClass（飞机上的豪华舱）Deluxeclass/PremiumClass

SecondClassTheFirstClass

ThirdClassBusinessClass/EconomicClass/TouristClass

makelovewith/havesexwithgotobedwith/sleepwith

tobepregnanttobeexpecting

secondhandstoreresalestore

garbagecollectorsanitationengineer

maid/housekeeperdomestichelp/day-help/live-inhelp

1.Heisabitslowforhisage.（他反应较慢）

2.He/Sheisastout/plumpman/woman.

3.Ihavetopayacall./I’dliketobeexcused./Ihavetoretireforamoment./where

istherestroom?

/mayIwashhands?

4.HisfatherpassedawaylastweekandisgoingtobelaidtorestnextSunday.

5.“Whatdoyouthinkoftheroastduck?

”“Notbad.”

6.Yourgrammarisnotparticularlygood.

7.Theypartedaftertwoyearsofmarriage.

8.SometimesIthinkshestickstoomuchtoherprinciples.

9.Iamafraidhehasmisrepresentedthefacts.

10.Heusedpoorjudgmentwhereverhewent.

11.Heworkedandworkeduntilhebreathedhislast.

12.Theylaiddowntheirlivesfortheircountry.

13.And,inbeinglowwater,hewentoutwiththetide.

Itisobviousthatthoseeuphemismsusedbytheordinarypeoplearemeanttosoftenharshreality,butthoseusedbypoliticiansmayaimatdeceivingthepublic.Alliteration

withmightandmain尽全力neckandnothing铤而走险地

roughandready粗糙但尚能用的,卤莽但还有能力的

asblindasabat有眼无珠

aslargeaslife与原物一般大小;千真万确

bitethebullet死撑硬挺,啃硬骨头

putintopractice实行,实施

1.Hiswritingisclearandclean.

2.UStradepolicyisoftenviewedasinconsistent,incoherentandincomprehensible

toothercountries.

3.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.

4.Heprovedtobeaslow,sleepy,sluggish-brainedsloth.

5.Theygottheworkthroughwithdashanddaringregardlessofthecostor

consequences.

6.Heishugeandhumorous.

7.Sheisbothsmallandstupid.

8.Myfatherisalwayshealthyandhappy.

Overstatementandunderstatement

Inoverstatement,thedictionexaggeratesthesubject,andinunderstatement,thewordsplaydownthemagnitudeorvalueofthesubject.Overstatementisalsocalledhyperbole.Bothoverstatementandunderstatementaimatthesameeffect:

tomakethestatementordescriptionimpressiveorinteresting.

1.Sheisdyingtoknowwhatjobhasbeenassignedher.

2.OnhearingthathehadpassedtheCET6,hewhisperedtohimself,“Iamthe

luckiestmanintheworld.”

3.Themillionairespentafewdollarstobuildthisindoorpool.

4.Thefunnystoriesmadealltheaudiencelaughofftheirhead.

5.Hisparentspraisedhisperformancetotheskies.

MoreaboutHyperbole

ThankyouThanksamillion

Theylaughedheartily.Theyalmostdiedlaughing.

Iamhungry.Iamstarving.

1.Fromhismouthflowedspeechsweeterthanhoney.

2.Sogreatishethatthesun’sbrillianceseemeddimbycomparison.

3.Thetwosistersaredifferentinathousandandoneways.

4.InthespringIhavecountedonehundredandthirty-sixkindsofweatherinsideof

four-and-twentyhours.（MarkTwain）

MoreaboutUnderstatement

1.Thatisnolaughingmatter.（That’saseriousmatter.）

2.Shewasnotwithoutambition.（Shewasquiteambitious.）

3.Thispieceofworkisnothingtobeproudof.（Itisdisgraceful.）

4.Sorry,thisisinfactmorethanIcanpromise.（Icannotpromise.）

TransferredEpithet

Anepithetisanadjectiveordescriptivephrasethatservestocharacterizesomebodyorsomething.Atransferredepithetisonethatisshiftedfromthenounitlogicallymodifiestoawordassociatedwiththatnoun.Whenonesaysthathehashadabusyday,oneisusingafigureofspeech.Foritistheperson,nottheday,thatisbusy.

“移就修饰”/“转移修饰”/“移就”。

这种修饰语不直接说明它所修饰的对象的性质、形象或特色,而往往转个弯子去表示该对象给人的感觉。

adizzyheight:

aheightisdizzy（F）

aheightthatcausespeopletofeeldizzy（T）

asleeplessbed:

abedthatissleepless（F）

abedonwhichthesleeperhaslittlesleep（T）

由于人的不同感觉器官相互联系密切,移就修饰经常把与甲种器官相关的修饰语转移到了乙种感觉。

Asweetvoice（表示味觉的形容词转移到了听觉）

Anicy/sharplook（表示触觉的形容词转移到了视觉）

Coldwords（表示触觉的形容词转移到了听觉）

Darksilence（表示视觉的形容词转移到了听觉）

1.Shewassoworriedabouthersonthatshespentseveralsleeplessnights.

2.Inthisquietlazinesshesuddenlyrememberedthatstrangeword.

3.Theassistantkeptarespectabledistancefromhisbosswhentheywerewalking

inthecorridor.

4.Hesaid“yes”tothequestioninanunthinkingmoment.

5.Theoldmanputacomfortinghandonmyshoulder.

6.Thebigmancrasheddownonaprotestingchair.

7.Therewasanamazedsilence.Slowly,Alexanderturnedaway.

8.Herunfriendlywordsannoyedher.