陕西省西安市学年高二英语上学期第一次月考试题1.docx
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陕西省西安市学年高二英语上学期第一次月考试题1
2017-2018学年度第一学期高二年级第一次月考英语试题
第一部分听力（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题）
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Whatdayisittoday?
A.Tuesday.B.Wednesday.C.Thursday.
2.Wherearethespeakers?
A.Inatheater.B.Infrontofalibrary.C.Outsideabookstore.
3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?
A.Lookforshoesoutoftown.B.Buyshoesonline.C.Giveupbuyingshoes.
4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?
A.ThemanstayedwithJennyyesterday.B.JennycomplainedaboutSam’sbirthdayparty.
C.ThemanhasbeenbusydatingJennythesedays.
5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?
A.Howtogetmainpoints.B.Howtochooseacourse.C.Howtoprepareforasubject.
第二节（共15小题）
听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?
A.Goonatripwithher.B.Lookafterherhouse.C.Godowntown.
7.Whichcountrydoesthewomanhopetovisit?
A.America.B.Mexico.C.Canada.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutingeneral?
A.Jobplans.B.Acamp.C.Trips.
9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?
A.Sheintendstohaveatripwithhersister.B.Sheplanstogetajobatahotel.
C.Shewantstogocamping.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Whyisthemanatthewoman’shouse?
A.Torepairthehouse.B.Tofinishhisreport.C.Topayforthedamage.
11.Whathappenedtothewoman’shouse?
A.Thechimneyfelldownrightonthefence.B.Atreefelldownonthewall.
C.Theroofwasdamaged.
12.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheservice?
A.Satisfied.B.Disappointed.C.Angry.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Whydoesthemancontacttheairport?
A.Tobookaticket.B.Tofindhisluggage.C.Toaskfortransportinformation.
14.HowlongwillthemanstayinMilton?
A.Aboutfourweeks.B.Abouttwoweeks.C.Aboutoneweek.
15.Howwillthemantravelafterarrivingattheairport?
A.Bytaxi.B.Bysubway.C.Bycar.
16.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisdaughter?
A.Shewillgetmarriednextweek.B.Shealwaystakesthebustowork.
C.Shewillprobablybebusywhenhearrives.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Whatisregardedasthemainsecrettowealth?
A.Workinghard.B.Savingmoney.C.Makingfinancialplans.
18.HowmanymillionairesmadetheirfortunesinonegenerationinAmerica?
A.Four-fifths.B.Two-thirds.C.One-fifth.
19.Howmuchmoneydoesatypicalmillionairesaveperyear?
A.$130,000.B.$104,000.C.$26,000.
20.Whatdoweknowaboutmillionaires?
A.Theylookquitedifferentfromordinarypeople.B.Theywerenotgoodatstudyingatschool.
C.Onethirdofthemareself-employed.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分）
A
Forpeoplewhoareaddictedtoshopping,thepost-Christmasperiodmeansonlyonething—sales!
Acrossthecountry,pricesarereducingsharplyonclothing,electronics,homefurnishingsandmore,butLondonistheplaceforseriousshopping,andyoucancertainlypickupsomeamazingbargains.
ThesalesstartonBoxingDay—26thDecember,andcontinueforthemonthofJanuary,butthekeenestbargainhuntersgetthereearlytobefirstthroughthedoors.InOxfordStreetqueuesformedoutsideshopsaheadofearlymorningopeningsforthestartoftheirsales.AtBrentCross,innorthLondon,morethan1,000peoplewerequeuingat3:
30amforthe“Next”clothingstore’ssalewhichbeganat4am.Someeagerindividualsevencampedoutsidetheshopstobefirstintheline.
Consumerswhohittheshopswererewardedwithdiscountsofasmuchas80%asdepartmentstoresjoinedthebargainsales.Theshopsareverycrowdedasthesalesreachedtheboiling-point,withmorethanhalfamillionpeoplegatheringonLondon’sWestEnd.
FamoussalesincludethebiggestandmostpopularshopssuchasHarrods,Selfridges,LibertyandJohnLewis.Departmentstoresarealwaysagoodbet—you’relikelytofindeverythingyouneedunderoneroof,includingmuch-neededfoodanddrinks!
It’sagoodtimetostockuponcheapsmalltools,andthere’snobettertimetoinvestinsomedesignerclothes.
Somepeoplearetakingtheirpartnersshoppingwiththem,andbuyingtheirChristmaspresentsinthesale—apracticalbutunromanticwayofmakingsureyougetthegiftyoureallywant.Foralessexcitingbutlessstressfulshoppingexperience,onlinesellersarealsohere,takingpartintheactwithJanuarysalesoftheirown.
ThemostorganizedofallarethosewhoarealreadydoingtheirpresentshoppingfornextChristmas,intheJanuarysales!
21.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthesales______.
A.actuallystartbeforetheendofDecemberB.generallylastfortwomonths
C.basicallybenefitnoneofthepeopleD.areatimetobuyChristmasgiftsinaromanticway
22.“Hittheshops”inthethirdparagraphmeansto______.
A.attacktheshopsB.arriveattheshopsC.affecttheshopsD.findtheshops
23.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.PeoplebuyalotofbargainsinthedepartmentstoresinLondonafterChristmas.
B.PeoplebuytheirChristmaspresentsinthesalesinLondon.
C.PeoplearepreparedtodotheirshoppingfornextChristmas.
D.PeopletakepartintheJanuarysalestodobusinessonline.
B
Scientistsstudythenaturalworldbyusing“scientificmethod”.Whenascientistobservessomephenomenoninnature,hedevelopsanidea,calledatheoryorhypothesis（假设）,aboutwhatishappening.Thenhedoesanexperimenttotesthistheory.Iftheresultsareasexpected,thentheexperimentprovesthehypothesiswhichmakesitmorelikelythatthetheoryiscorrect.Iftheexperimentfailsandtheresultsarenotasexpected,thenthescientistmustcomeupwithanewtheorythathecantest.
Inancienttimesgreatthinkerscameupwithcomplicatedtheoriestoexplainnature,buttheydidnotalwaysprovethembyexperiment.Forexample,thegreatGreekthinkerAristotle,hadatheorythatheavyobjectswouldfallfasterthanlightobjects.PeoplebelievedthisuntilthescientistGalileoperformedanexperimentandfounditwaswrong.
Here’sanexperimentthatyoucanusetoproveordisproveacommon-sensetheory:
Step1:
Getanemptybottlewithasmallneck.Adiameter（直径）of1/2inchshouldbeideal.
Step2:
Cutasheetofpapertoasquare5inchesoneachside.
Step3:
Crumple（压皱）thepaperintoatightwad（块状物）.
Step4:
Laythebottleonitssideandplacethepapersoitlieslooselyintheneckofthebottle.
Constructatheoryaboutwhatwillhappenifyouputyourmouthaboutahalfinchfromtheneckofthebottleandblowhardtowardsit.Acommon-sensetheorymightbethatthewadwouldbeblownintothebottlebytheforceofthebreath.Nowdoyourexperimenttoseewhatreallyhappens.
Ifyourtheorywasthatthewadwouldbeblownbytheforceoftheairintothebottle,theexperimentgaveyouunexpectedresults.Inmostcasesthewadisblownoutoftheneckofthebottleintheoppositedirection.Anewtheorymightbethattheairbeingblownintothebottlecreatesawhirlwind（旋风）ofaircurrents（气流）intheclosedspacewhichpushthewadout.
24.ThewritermentionsAristotle’stheorytoshow___________.
A.hewasagreaterthinkerinancienttimesB.hewaslesssuccessfulthanGalileo
C.objectsofdifferentweightsfallatthesamespeed
D.experimentsarenecessarytosupporttheories
25.Accordingtothepassage,whatisnotrequiredinthefour–stepexperiment?
A.Apairofscissors.B.Apieceofpaper.C.Abottle.D.Astrongbreath.
26.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.CometoNaturewithScientistsB.MakeupaNewTheory
C.ExperimentwithBreathinaBottleD.WatchOutforCommonSense
C
Heatmightexplainwhywelostourfurandnowstrikeanuprightandslimpose（姿势）.
Ifourancestorslivedsomewherereallyhot,thetheorygoes,itwouldhavemadesenseforustolosebodyhair,startsweatingmore,becomeslender（修长的）andevenwalkupright—tocreatedistancebetweenourbodiesandthehotground.
Anewstudysupportsthetheorythatheathelpeddrivehumanevolution（进化）,byshowingthatakeysourceofhumanevolutioninEastAfricahasindeedbeenreallyhotforatleastfourmillionyears.
“It’ssomethingthat’sbeenhardtogetat,”saidBenPassey,ageochemist（地球化学家）atJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore.“It’snicetosaythatthesebodyfeatureswouldbeadvantageoustoliveinhotandopenenvironments.Butwasitactuallyhotandopen?
”
Tofindout,PasseyandhiscolleaguesanalyzeddatedsoilexamplesfromtheTurkanaBasin,awell-studiedregioninKenyaandEthiopiathatcontainslotsoffossils（化石）fromourhumanandpre-humanancestors.Inparticular,theylookedatweightedcarbonandoxygenatoms,calledisotopes（同位素）.
Theirresults,publishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,showedthatdirtintheTurkanaBasinhasremainedaboveabout85degreesFahrenheitwithspikes（尖状物）above95degreesFahrenheitoverthepastfourmillionyears.Sincesoilabsorbsheatfromtheair,itmeansthattheregionhasbeenreallyhotforareallylongtime.
“Thereisnoquestionthattheresultsarefascinating,”saidHarvardanthropologist（人类学家）,DanielLieberman,whostudieshowandwhythehumanbodylooksthewayitdoes.
Foronething,atsomepointwedevelopedauniqueabilitytocontrolourbodytemperaturewhilerunning,whichmighthavehelpedpeoplecatchprey（猎物）inhotanddryconditions.“Thehotteritis,themorehumanshaveanadvantageoverothermammals,especiallywhenrunning.”
“Nooneknowsforsurewhenwelost
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