语言学补充习题.docx

上传人:b****6 文档编号:4775458 上传时间:2022-12-08 格式:DOCX 页数:14 大小:19.75KB
下载 相关 举报
语言学补充习题.docx_第1页
第1页 / 共14页
语言学补充习题.docx_第2页
第2页 / 共14页
语言学补充习题.docx_第3页
第3页 / 共14页
语言学补充习题.docx_第4页
第4页 / 共14页
语言学补充习题.docx_第5页
第5页 / 共14页
点击查看更多>>
下载资源
资源描述

语言学补充习题.docx

《语言学补充习题.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《语言学补充习题.docx(14页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。

语言学补充习题.docx

语言学补充习题

LanguageandLinguistics

1.TheimportantdistinctioninlinguisticsproposedbyChomskyis_____.

A.Synchronicanddiachronic

B.Langueandparole

C.Signifierandsignified

D.Competenceandperformance

2.AccordingtoSaussure,_______referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.

A.parole

B.performance

C.langue

D.language

 

3.Theterm_________linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangeoverthevariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.

A.synchronic

B.diachronic

C.comparative

D.historicalcomparative

4.Languageis____inthesensethatthereisnointrinsicconnectionbetweenawordandtheobjectitrefersto.

A.systematic

B.symbolic

C.arbitrary

D.ambiguous

5.Whatfunctionaremostimperativesentencesassociatedwith?

A.Informative

B.Interrogative

C.Phatic

D.Directive

6.Thefunctionofthesentence“Waterboilsat100degreecentigrade.”is_________

A.interrogative

B.directive

C.informative

D.performative

 

6.Everydaywesendmessagesthathaveneverbeensentandunderstandnovelmessages;inthissense,ourlanguageis____.

A.productive

B.interchangeable

C.geneticallytransmitted

D.rule-governed

7.Languagecanrefertocontextsremovedfromtheimmediatesituationsofthespeaker.Thisiswhatwemeanby_____.

A.culturaltransmission

B.displacement

C.duality

D.productivity

 

8.Bydualitywemeanthatlanguagehastwosetsofstructures,oneof_______andtheotherof______.

A.surfacestructure,deepstructure

B.phonemes,morphemes

C.sounds,meanings

D.production,reception

9.AccordingtoChomsky,________istheidealuser’sinternalizedknowledgeofhislanguage.

A.competence

B.parole

C.performance

D.langue

10.Generallinguisticsisthescientificstudyof_________.

A.languageofacertainindividual

B.theGermanlanguage

C.humanlanguagesingeneral

D.thesystemofaparticularlanguage

 

PhoneticsandPhonology

11.Thestudyofhowsoundsareputtogetherareusedtoconveymeaningincommunicationis_________.

A.morphology

B.generallinguistics

C.phonology

D.phonetics

12.A(n)______isaunitthatisofdistinctivevalue.Itisanabstractunit,acollectionofdistinctivephoneticfeatures.

A.phone

B.sound

C.allophone

D.phoneme

13./m,n/are________.

A.fricatives

B.dentals

C.glides

D.nasals

14./w,j/belongto_____.

A.fricatives

B.dentals

C.glides

D.nasals

15.Whichofthefollowingvowelistheroundedone?

A./i:

/

B./u:

/

C./i/

D./a:

/

16.Thevowel/u:

/in/fu:

d/(food)isa_________vowel.

A.back

B.front

C.unrounded

D.central

 

MORPHOLOGY

17._______isthesmallestunitoflanguageintermsofrelationshipbetweenexpressionandcontent.

A.Word

B.Morpheme

C.Allomorph

D.Root

18._______arethosethatcannotbeusedindependentlybuthavetobecombinedwithothermorphemestoformaword.

A.Freemorphemes

B.Boundmorphemes

C.Boundwords

D.Words

19._______modifythemeaningofthestem,butusuallydonotchangethepartofspeechoftheoriginalword

A.Prefixes

B.Suffixes

C.Roots

D.Affixes

20.“-s”inthewordbooksis____.

A.aderivativeaffix

B.astem

C.aninflectionalaffix

D.aroot

Note:

root(词根)/affix(词缀),都属于boundmorpheme(粘着词素)

1.root(词根):

apartofaword;itcanneverstandbyitselfalthoughitbearsaclear,definitemeaning;itmustbecombinedwithanotherrootoranaffixtoformaword.(一个不能再分,再分就会失去其本义的基本形式)

词根词素可以分为自由词根词素(freerootmorpheme,e.g.rainrainyraincoat

粘着词根词素(boundrootmorpheme)

e.g.geo(theearth)+ology(abranchoflearning)geology,psychology,physiology

tele(distant,far)+visiontelevision,telegraph

transmit,permit,submit‘

maintain,contain,detain

2.Affix词缀

1)inflectional(曲折):

语法关系的标志grammaticalrelations

(number,tense,degree,case)-s,-er,不改变词性

2)derivational(派生):

在词干上加上一个词缀得到一个新词,与词性和意义有关

3.stem词干

Theexistingformtowhichaderivationalaffixcanbeadded.

Itreferstotheleftmorphemeorcombinationofmorphemeswhenoneaffixisremovedforonetime.

e.g.carelessness

21.Whichofthefollowingwordsisaderivationalone?

A.Blackboard

B.Teaches

C.Consideration

D.Books

22.Whichofthefollowingwordsiscreatedthroughtheprocessofacronym?

A.ad

B.edit

C.AIDS

D.Bobo

23.Theword“lab”isformedthrough____.

A.backformation

B.blending

C.clipping

D.derivation

24.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacompoundword ?

A.LandladyB.Greenhouse

C.UpliftD.Unacceptable

20.Nouns,verbsandadjectivescanbeclassifiedas________.

A.lexicalwords

B.grammaticalwords

C.functionwords

D.formwords

21.OpenclassofwordscanconsistofthefollowingcategoriesEXCEPT_________

A.nouns

B.verbs

C.adjectives

D.articles

22.Whichoneofthefollowingmostpossiblybelongstotheclosedclass?

A.Flower

B.Treacherous.

C.We

D.Whack

23.InflectionalmorphemesmanifestthefollowingmeaningsEXCEPT_________

A.tone

B.tense

C.number

D.case

 

24.Whichofthefollowingcontainsatleastaninflectionalmorpheme?

A.Possibility

B.Decision

C.Hers

D.Enable

25.________areboundmorphemesbecausetheycannotbeusedasseparatewords.

A.Roots

B.Stems

C.Affixes

D.Compounds

26.Theword“irresistible”is______________

A.acompoundone

B.aclippedone

C.ablendedone

D.aderivedone

27.Whichofthefollowingaffixdiffersfromothers?

A.–ly

B.–ness

C.–ing

D.–ful

28.Theword“Kung-fu”is_____.

A.aclippedone

B.ablendedone

C.acompoundone

D.aborrowedone

Semantics

25.Awordwithseveralmeaningsiscalled______word.

A.apolysemous

B.asynonymous

C.anabnormal

D.amultiple

26.Thepairofwords“lend”and“borrow”are___.

A.gradableopposites

B.relationalopposites

C.co-hyponyms

D.synonyms

27.Therelationshipbetween‘fruit’and‘apple’is_______.

A.homonymy

B.hyponymy

C.polysemy

D.synonymy

28.“Alive”and“dead”are______antonyms.

A.relational

B.gradable

C.symmetric

D.complementary

29.“Big”and“small”areapairof_____opposites.

A.complementary

B.gradable

C.complete

D.converse

6.Theword“luggage”and“baggage”are_________

A.emotivesynonyms

B.dialectalsynonyms

C.collocationalsynonyms

D.stylistic

7.Therelationbetween“begin”and“commence”is_________

A.dialectalsynonyms

B.stylisticsynonyms

C.collocationalsynonyms

D.semanticallydifferentsynonyms

 

8.“Fall”and“autumn”are_________synonyms

A.dialectal

B.stylistic

C.collocational

D.emotive

9._________isNOTapairofhomophones.

A.rainandreign

B.fleaandflee

C.lead[li:

d]andlead[led]

D.complimentandcomplement

10.Inthesemantictriangle,“referent”refersto_______

A.concept

B.therealworld

C.thethought

D.meaning

11.“Wise”and“cunning”areapairof_________synonyms.

A.dialectal

B.stylistic

C.collocational

D.emotive

12.“Wide”and“broad”areapairof__________synonyms

A.dialectal

B.stylistic

C.collocational

D.emotive

13.Whichofthefollowingscanbethesameformsharedbytwohomonyms?

A.Ball

B.Can

C.Bark

D.North

14.“See”and“sea”are___________

A.homophones

B.homographs

C.completehomonyms

D.polysenmicwords

15.Whatisthesenserelationbetween“learn”and“teach”?

A.Relationalantonyms

B.Complementaryantonyms

C.Gradableanonyms

D.Absoluteantonyms

16.Whatisthesenserelationbetween“pass”and“fail”?

A.Relationalantonyms

B.Complementaryantonyms

C.Gradableanonyms

D.Absoluteantonyms

17.:

X:

Theyaregoingtohaveanotherbaby.

Y:

Theyhaveachild.

TherelationshipofXandYis________

A.synonymous

B.inconsistent

C.XentailingY

D :

XpresupposingY

18.“Tommy’shenlaidaneggyesterday.”presupposes__________

A.Tommyhadahen

B.Tommyhadabighen

C.AneggwaslaidbyTommy’shen

D.Theeggisnotastone.

19.“HehasbeentoTokyo”entails“_________”.

A.HehasbeentoJapan

B.TokyoisthecapitalofJapan.

C.HehasneverbeentoJapan.

D.HeisnotaJapanese.

Pragmatics

1.AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryactswhosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled_____.

A.commissives

B.directives

C.expressives

D.declaratives

2._______isdefinedasthestudyoflanguageinuseandlinguisticcommunication.

A.Pragmatics

B.Sociolinguistics

C.Neurolinguistics

D.Contextuallinguistics

 

3.“Wecandothingswithwords”---thisisthemainideaof______.

A.theSpeechActTheory

B.theCo-operativePrinciple

C.thePolitePrinciples

D.pragmatics

4._________refertotheutteranceofasentencewithdeterminatesenseandreference.

A.Locutionaryact

B.Illocutionaryact

C.Perlocutionaryact

D.Speechact

5.Thebranchoflinguisticsthatstudiesmeaningoflanguageincontextiscalled_______.

A.semantics

B.sociolinguistics

C.pragmatics

D.psycholinguistics

6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthespecificinstanceofdirectives?

A.Inviting

B.Advising

C.Warning

D.Swearing

7._________actsexpressestheintentionofthespeaker.

A.Locutionary

B.Illocutionary

C.Perlocutionary

D.Speech

8.“Ididn’tstealthatring”isa_________.

A.directive

B.expressive

C.commissive

D.representatives

9.“I’msosadaboutyourwrongdoings”isa__________

A.declaration

B.expressives

C.representatives

D.commissives

10.“Handsup!

”isa________.

A.directive

B.representative

C.commissive

D.declaration

11

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 工程科技 > 城乡园林规划

copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有

经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1