山东省临沂市中考英语专项复习训练阅读表达word文档.docx
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山东省临沂市中考英语专项复习训练阅读表达word文档
阅读表达
要练说,得练看。
看与说是统一的,看不准就难以说得好。
练看,就是训练幼儿的观察能力,扩大幼儿的认知范围,让幼儿在观察事物、观察生活、观察自然的活动中,积累词汇、理解词义、发展语言。
在运用观察法组织活动时,我着眼观察于观察对象的选择,着力于观察过程的指导,着重于幼儿观察能力和语言表达能力的提高。
Test1
与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念,最早也要追溯至宋元时期。
金代元好问《示侄孙伯安》诗云:
“伯安入小学,颖悟非凡貌,属句有夙性,说字惊老师。
”于是看,宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。
清代称主考官也为“老师”,而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。
可见,“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。
如今体会,“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说,具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。
辛亥革命后,教师与其他官员一样依法令任命,故又称“教师”为“教员”。
A
教师范读的是阅读教学中不可缺少的部分,我常采用范读,让幼儿学习、模仿。
如领读,我读一句,让幼儿读一句,边读边记;第二通读,我大声读,我大声读,幼儿小声读,边学边仿;第三赏读,我借用录好配朗读磁带,一边放录音,一边幼儿反复倾听,在反复倾听中体验、品味。
MoreandmoreforeignershavecometoChina.AforeignteachernamedJackstayedinChinaandwrotesomethingabouthisexperiences.Nowlet'ssharehisexperiencesinChina:
要练说,得练听。
听是说的前提,听得准确,才有条件正确模仿,才能不断地掌握高一级水平的语言。
我在教学中,注意听说结合,训练幼儿听的能力,课堂上,我特别重视教师的语言,我对幼儿说话,注意声音清楚,高低起伏,抑扬有致,富有吸引力,这样能引起幼儿的注意。
当我发现有的幼儿不专心听别人发言时,就随时表扬那些静听的幼儿,或是让他重复别人说过的内容,抓住教育时机,要求他们专心听,用心记。
平时我还通过各种趣味活动,培养幼儿边听边记,边听边想,边听边说的能力,如听词对词,听词句说意思,听句子辩正误,听故事讲述故事,听谜语猜谜底,听智力故事,动脑筋,出主意,听儿歌上句,接儿歌下句等,这样幼儿学得生动活泼,轻松愉快,既训练了听的能力,强化了记忆,又发展了思维,为说打下了基础。
DuringmyfiveyearsinChina,IhavehadthechancetotravelalloverChinaandseesomeinterestingthings.Inotonlyhaveseenmanyplacesofinterest,suchastheGreatWallinBeijing,thehomeofConfuciusinQufu,ShandongProvince,andthecityofXi'an,I'vealsoseenbeautifulgardensinSuzhou,HuangguoshuWaterfallinGuizhouProvince,andwonderfulbeachesinDalianandQingdao.HuangguoshuWaterfallisthemostbeautifulplaceI'veeverseen.I'vealsometmanyfriendlypeoplearoundChina.TheyincludedstudentsinmiddleschoolsIvisitedinInnerMongolia,ShanxiProvince,andGuizhou.Allofmyexperienceswerewonderful.
观察内容的选择,我本着先静后动,由近及远的原则,有目的、有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的,能理解的观察内容。
随机观察也是不可少的,是相当有趣的,如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等,孩子一边观察,一边提问,兴趣很浓。
我提供的观察对象,注意形象逼真,色彩鲜明,大小适中,引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察,保证每个幼儿看得到,看得清。
看得清才能说得正确。
在观察过程中指导。
我注意帮助幼儿学习正确的观察方法,即按顺序观察和抓住事物的不同特征重点观察,观察与说话相结合,在观察中积累词汇,理解词汇,如一次我抓住时机,引导幼儿观察雷雨,雷雨前天空急剧变化,乌云密布,我问幼儿乌云是什么样子的,有的孩子说:
乌云像大海的波浪。
有的孩子说“乌云跑得飞快。
”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。
”当幼儿看到闪电时,我告诉他“这叫电光闪闪。
”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来,我抓住时机说:
“这就是雷声隆隆。
”一会儿下起了大雨,我问:
“雨下得怎样?
”幼儿说大极了,我就舀一盆水往下一倒,作比较观察,让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。
雨后,我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空,朗诵自编的一首儿歌:
“蓝天高,白云飘,鸟儿飞,树儿摇,太阳公公咪咪笑。
”这样抓住特征见景生情,幼儿不仅印象深刻,对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快,记得牢,而且会应用。
我还在观察的基础上,引导幼儿联想,让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来,在发展想象力中发展语言。
如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的,尖尖的,硬硬的,像医生用的手术刀―样,给大树开刀治病。
通过联想,幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。
根据短文内容回答下列问题。
1.WhatisJack?
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2.HowlonghasJackbeeninChina?
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3.WhathasJackhadthechancetodo?
___________________________________________________________________
4.WherehasJackseenwonderfulbeaches?
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5.HasJackmetanystudentsinmiddleschools?
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B
Thisissuchaheartwarmingpieceofnewsinthecoldwinter.Somedaysago,thetemperaturewasonly-6℃inKaifeng,Henan.Someoneordered50cupsofwarmporridge(粥)throughMeituanAppandnoted“Pleasegivetheporridgetothosesanitation(环卫)workerswhoareclearingsnowontheroadnearbyandthosedelivery(递送)menwhoaredeliveringfood.”Whentheporridgeshopownerreceivedtheorder,hewasmovedbythenoteandprovided60cups.
Thestorydidn'tendhere.Assoonasthefooddeliverymangotthebigorder,heshareditwithhisworkmatessothattheycouldalsogetpaid.Finally,Meituanreturnedthemoneytotheporridgebuyer,Mr.Zhangandgavehimarewardof¥500.Althoughhehadtoraisehisnewlybornbabyandpayforhishouseeverymonth.Mr.Zhangsaidhewouldsurelycontinuedeliveringlove.
ThekindhelpalsoencouragedmanyothercitizensinKaifeng.Thissummer,volunteersaresendingcooldrinkseveryday.
SimilarstorieshavehappenedinmanyotherplacesinChina.Outdoorworkerindifferentcitiesareabletoenjoyfreeandcaringhelp.Lotsof“loveposts”areproviding“coolness”inhotsummerand“warmth”incoldwinter.JustasacitizenofKaifengsaid.“Ifeeldeeplymovedandwarminheart.”
Infact,wegetloveandgiveloveeveryday.Lovedeliverymakesourlifebetterandmorebeautiful.
根据上面短文内容回答问题。
1.WhatdidMr.ZhangorderthroughMeituanApp?
___________________________________________________________________
2.Howmanycupsofporridgedidtheshopownerprovide?
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3.Whatdidthedeliverymandowhenhegotthebigorder?
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4.WasMr.Zhangrich?
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5.Howdoyoufeelafterreadingthispassage?
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C
XuYuanchongwasbornonApril18,1921inJiangxi,China.HeisbestknownfortranslatingChineseancientpoemsintoEnglishandFrench.XutookforeignlanguagestudiesatTsinghuaUniversityafterhestudiedabroad.Andafterthat,hebecameaprofessorinEnglishandFrench.Since1983tonow,heisprofessoratPekingUniversity.
Xu'smotherwaswelleducatedandgoodatpainting.ShehadgreatinfluenceonXuinhisliterature.HisuncleXiongShiyiwasatranslator,whotranslatedtheplayWangBaochuanintoEnglish,whichwasahitintheUK.Xiong'sachievementgaveXuastronginterestinlearningEnglish.In1939,hetranslatedhisfirstwork,LinHuiyin'spoemDonotthrowawayintoEnglish,whichwaspublishedinthe“LiteraryTranslationNews”.
His30Poetrieswereselected(选)asteachingmaterialsbyforeignuniversities.In1994,BritishpublishingcompanyPenguinpublishedXuYuanchong's300China'sImmortalPoems(《中国不朽诗三百首》).ThatwasthefirsttimethatthepublishingcompanypublishesaChinesetranslation.Apartfrom(除……之外)translatingtheclassicalChinesepoetryintoforeignlanguages,XuYuanchongalsotranslatedmanyoftheBritishandFrenchclassicsintoChinese.Xuwasawardedthe“Lifetimeachievementsintranslation”fromtheTranslatorsAssociationofChina(TAC)in2019.
Now,attheageof96,Xuisstillworkinghardattranslating.Hesaid,“Istartmyworkat3:
30inthemorningbecauseIlikedoingwhatIlike.”
根据短文内容回答下列问题。
1.WhatisXuYuanchongfamousfor?
(nomorethan8words)
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2.WhohadgreatinfluenceonXuYuanchong?
(nomorethan6words)
___________________________________________________________________
3.WhendidXuYuanchongtranslatehisfirstwork?
(nomorethan3words)
___________________________________________________________________
4.Whatwasselectedasteachingmaterialsbyforeignuniversities?
(nomorethan5words)
___________________________________________________________________
5.WhyisXuYuanchongstillworkinghardattranslating?
(nomorethan8words)
___________________________________________________________________
D
Althoughmanypeoplereadonline,bookshavenotgoneoutoffashion.InBeijing,GuangzhouandShanghai,luckypassengersmayfindbookssomewhereontheunderground.
TheFair,anonlinepublishingcompany,hasput10,000booksontheunderground,planesandtaxistomakepeoplemoreinterestedinreading.Thisprojectiscalled“Mobook”.
“Mobook”getsitsideafrom“BooksontheUnderground”,acommunityprojectinLondon.Thepurposeof“BooksontheUnderground”istoencouragepeopletoreadmore.ZhangWei,theCEOoftheFairalsowantedtodosomethinginChina.HesentanemailtoMsCordeliaOxley,theleaderof“BooksontheUnderground”,describinghisplanandexplainingtherulersof“Mobook”.Theleaderrepliedtohiminjusttwohours,sayingthatshethoughttheideawasgreatandshewouldofferhelpifneeded.
But“Mobook”projectisalittledifferentfromthatinLondon.Ithasitsownonlinesystem.Peoplewhowanttodonatebooksmustgivetheirinformationonline.QRcodestickers(二维码标签)arethensenttotheiraddresses.ThebookownersshouldstickthemonthebooksbeforedonatingbooksandreaderscanknowwherethebooksarefromwiththehelpofQRcodes.
“Mobook”isahottopic.Nowthousandsofbookwormshavealreadytakenpartintheproject.ZhangWeisaid,“Iamhappytoseemoreandmorepeoplesharetheirviews(观点)aboutthebooksonlineandenjoythehappinessthatreadingbringstothem.”
根据短文内容回答下列问题。
1.HowmanybookshastheFairputontheunderground,planesandtaxis?
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2.What'sthepurposeof“BooksontheUnderground”?
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3.DidMsCordeliaOxleysupportZhangWei?
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4.WhereshouldthebookownerssticktheQRcodestickers?
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5.AccordingtoZhangWei,howcanpeoplesharetheirviewsaboutthebooks?
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Test2
A
InancientChina,itwascommonthattheeldestsonshouldlookaftertheparents.ButConfucius'elderbrotherwasdisabled,soConfucius(孔子)hadtotakecareofhismothertillshediedin535BC.Oneofhisteachingswasthatapersonshouldfeelorexpressgreatsadnessfortheirparents'deathforthreeyears.Thereasonwasthattheylookedafterthechildcompletelyuntilitwasthree.Filialpiety(孝道)isveryimportantinConfucius'thought.
Afterhehadfinishedmourning(守孝)forhismother,hebegantoteachandgotfollowersaroundhim.HowmanystudentsdidConfuciusget?
Wearenotsure.Itisbelievedthat72ofthemwereveryfamous.Someofhisstudentscamefrompoorfamilies,otherswerefromrichfamilies.Hethoughteveryoneshouldhavearighttoreceiveeducation.
Confuciusl