考研英语二试题与答案解析.docx

考研英语二试题与答案解析.docx

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考研英语二试题与答案解析

　2018年考研英语二试题与答案解析（完整版）

——跨考教育英语教研室

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions：

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

whydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful?

Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto 1 uncertainty,accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience.Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewiill 2 tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill 3.

Inaseriesoffourexperiments,behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstestedstudents'willingnessto 4 themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfycuriosity.Forone 5 eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment.Thetwist?

Halfofthepenswould 6 anelectricshockwhenclicked.

Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.

The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity."Hsee says.In other words,don't read online comments.

1.A.resolve

B.protect

C.discuss

D.ignore

2.A.refuse

B.wait

C.seek

D.regret

3.A.rise

B.last

C.mislead

D.hurt

4.A.alert

B.tie

C.expose

D.treat

5.A.message

B.trial

C.review

D.concept

6.A.remove

B.weaken

C.deliver

D.interrupt

7.A.Unless

B.If

C.Though

D.When

8.A.happen

B.continue

C.disappear

D.change

9.A.ratherthan

B.suchas

C.regardlessof

D.owingto

10.A.disagree

B.forgive

C.forget

D.discover

11.A.pay

B.marriage

C.food

D.schooling

12.A.beginwith

B.reston

C.learnfrom

D.leadto

13.A.withdrawal

B.inquiry

C.persistence

D.diligence

14.A.self-destiuctive

B.self-reliant

C.self-evident

D.self-deceptive

15.A.resist

B.define

C.replace

D.trace

16.A.predict

B.overlook

C.design

D.conceal

17.A.remember

B.choose

C.promise

D.pretend

18.A.relief

B.plan

C.outcome

D.duty

19.A.whether

B.why

C.where

D.how

20.A.limitations

B.investments

C.strategies

D.consequences

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET. （40points）

Text1

ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture.

Mr.Koziatekispartofsomethingpioneering.HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization,butpractical.Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlyoverwhelmedbyabrokenbikechain?

AsKoziatekknows,thereislearninginjustabouteverything.Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuckwithgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum.Theycanalsolearngeometrybyassemblingabicycle.

Buthe’salsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice.Workingwithyourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinferiority.Schoolsinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethatstereotype..thatit’sforkidswhocan’tmakeitacademically,”hesays.

Ononehand,thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sevolution.Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas.ThejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevaporated.Moreeducationisthenewprinciple.Wewantmoreforourkids,andrigitfullyso.

Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall-andthesubtledevaluingofanythingless-missesanimportantpoint:

That’snottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneds.Yes,abachelor’sdegreeopensmoredoors.Butevennow,54percentofthejobsinthecountryaremiddle-skilljobs,suchas constructionandhigh-skillmanufacturing.Butonly44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained.

Inotherwords,atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonitspoliticalhead,frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing,oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface.Thereisagapinworking-classjobs,buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren’tequippedtodothem.Koziatek’sManchesterSchoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthat gap.

Koziatek’sschoolisawake-upcall.When educationbecomesone-size-fits-all,itrisksoverlookinganation’sdiversiyofgifts.

21.【题干】Abrokanbikechainismentionedtoshowstudents’lackof______.

A.mechanicalmemorization

B.academictraining

C.practicalability

D.pioneeringspirit

22.【题干】Thereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho______.

A.arefinanciallydisadvantaged

B.arenotacademicallysuccessful

C.haveastereotypedmind

D.havenocareermotivation

23.【题干】WecaninferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates______.

A.areentitledtomore“ducationalprivileges

B.arereluctanttoworkinmanufacturing

C.usedtohavemorejobopportunities

D.usedtohavebigfinancialconcerns

24.【题干】Theheadlongpushintobacheloi’sdegreesforall_____.

A.helpscreatealotofmiddle-skilljobs

B.maynarrowthegapinworking-classjobs

C.isexpectedtoyieldabetter-trainedworkforce

D.indicatestheovervaluingofhighereducation

25.【题干】Theauthor’sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas_____.

A.supportive

B.disappointed

C.tolerant

D.cautious

Text2

Whilefossilfuels-coal,oil,gas-stillgenerateroughly85percent ofthe world'senergysupply,it'sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar.Themovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld:

Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline.

Somegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernments andfarsightedBusinssestofundcleanerenergysources.Butincreasinglythestoryisabouttheplummeting pricesofrenewables,especiallywindandsolar.Thecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetaone-thirdinthepasteightyears.

Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource.InScotland,forexample,windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percentofhomes.Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead,notablyChinaandEurope,theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift.InMarch,forthefirsttime,windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS,reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration.

PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels-especiallycoal-asthepathtoeconomicgrowth.InarecentspeechinIowa,hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergysource,ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa,wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate'selectricitygeneration-andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters.

The question “what happens when the wind doesn't blow or the sun doesn'tshine?

" has provided a quick put-down for skeptics. But a boost in the storageapacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowingaround theclock more likely.

 The advance is driven in par by vehicle manufacturers, who are placing bigbets on battery-powered electric vehicles. Although electric cars are still a rarityon roads now. this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in comingyears.

  Whilethere'sa long way to go,the trend lines forrenewables are spiking. Thepace ofchange in energy sources appears to be speeding up perhaps:

 just in timeto have ameaningful effect in slowing climate change.What Washington does-ordoesn't do- to promote alternative energy may mean less and less a time ofa global shift in thought.

26.【题干】Theword"plummeting"（Line3,Para.2）isclosestinmeaningto ______

【选项】

A.stabilizing   

B.changing 

C.falling  

D.rising

27. 【题干】According to Paragraph 3,the use of renewable energy in America ______

【选项】

A. is progressing notably

B. is as extensive as in Europe

C. faces many challenges

D. has proved to be impractical

28. 【题干】It can be learned that in Iowa,______.

【选项】

A. wind is a widely used energy source

B. wind energy has replaced fossil fuels

C. tech giants are investing in clean energy

D. there is a shortage of clean energy supply

29. 【题干】WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraphs5&6?

A.Itsapplicationhasboostedbatterystorage.B.Itiscommonlyusedincarmanufacturing.C.Itscontinuoussupplyisbecomingareality.D.Itssustainableexploitationwillremaindifficult. 30.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy_____.

【选项】