新视野大学英语第4册unit4教案.docx
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新视野大学英语第4册unit4教案
China'stelecommunicationsindustryhasseenrevolutionarytransformationandgrowthoverthepastthreedecades.ChineseInternetusersnumbernearly150million,andthePRCexpectstoquicklypasstheUSintotalnumbersofconnectedcitizens.Thenumberofmobileandfixed-linetelephoneuserssoaredfromamere2millionin1980toatotalofnearly800millionin2007.Chinahasbeenthemostsuccessfuldevelopingnationinhistoryforspreadingtelecommunicationsaccessatanunparalleledrapidpace.
TheTelecommunicationsRevolution背景知识(backgroundinfo)
∙TheTelecommunicationsRevolution
1.telecommunications:
Telecommunications,fromGreek,means“communicationsatadistance”.Telecommunicationsthroughvoice,data,andimagecommunicationischangingtheworld.Theeaseofaccessinginformationandpeopleanywhereatanytimeishavingmajorimpactsonsociety,business,andfinance.Twomajortrendshaveoccurredinthetechnologythatisapplicabletotelecommunications.Thefirsttrendhasbeentheincredibleincreaseintheprocessingpowerofdigitalcomputers,namely,dramaticdecreasesinphysicalsizealongwithequallydramaticincreasesincomplexity,speed,andcapacity.Thesecondtrendhasbeentheexplosivegrowthintransmissioncapacitythroughthewidespreaduseofopticalfiberacrosscontinentsandunderoceans.Thesetwotrendshavehadimpressivelong-termconsequencesfortelecommunicationsaroundtheworld.TheInternetandtheWorldWideWebhavealreadycreatedaglobalsystemfortheaccessofinformation.Ithasbecomepopularthatpeoplecheckflight,weather,andhotelsbeforetravelingtoaforeigncountry.E-mailmakesiteasytokeepincontactinstantlywithcolleaguesandfriendsaroundtheglobe.Butmanyofthepeoplesoftheworlddonotevenhaveatelephone,muchlessaccesstotheInternetandtheinformation.Thechallengetothetelecommunicationsindustryistobridgethedigitalgapandextendtheavailabilityoftelecommunicationstoallpartsoftheplanet.Foranintroductiontothefundamentalsoftelecommunications,pleasecheckoutthewebsitesatandhttp:
//www.iec.org/online/tutorials/fund_telecom/.Anothereasy-to-understandtelecommunicationsprimercanbefoundathttp:
//www.ceci.org/500/primer.html.
2.opticalfiber:
Opticalfiber(or“fiberoptic”)oftenreferstothemediumandthetechnologyassociatedwiththetransmissionofinformationaslightpulsesalongaglassorplasticwireorfiber.Opticalfibercarriesmuchmoreinformationthanconventionalcopperwireandisingeneralnotsubjecttoelectromagneticinterferenceandtheneedtoretransmitsignals.Mosttelephonecompanylong-distancelinesarenowofopticalfiber.Transmissiononopticalfiberwirerequiresrepeateratdistanceintervals.Theglassfiberrequiresmoreprotectionwithinanoutercablethancopper.Forthesereasonsandbecausetheinstallationofanynewwiringislabor-intensive,fewcommunitiesyethaveopticalfiberwiresorcablesfromthephonecompany'sbranchofficetolocalcustomers(knownaslocalloop).Singlemodefiberisusedforlongerdistances;multimodefiberisusedforshorterdistances.Pleasevisitandformoreinformationonopticalfiber.
3.informationage:
Whenwesaythatweliveintheinformationage,wemeanthatweliveinatimewheninformationisveryimportantandeasytoget.Theinformationageisaneraoffundamentalandglobalchangeinintellectual,philosophical,culturalandsocialterms.Today'sinformationagebeganwiththetelegraph.Itwasthefirstinstrumenttotransforminformationintoelectricalformandtransmititreliablyoverlongdistances.Newtechniquesofencodinganddistributingdigitalinformationarepacingthespreadoftheinformationagethroughoutsociety.Forahistoricalperspectiveontheinformationtechnology,checkoutthewebsitesathttp:
//www.si.edu/resource/faq/nmah/techhistory.htmandhttp:
//photo2.si.edu/infoage/infoage.html.Thewebpageathttp:
//www.libraries.psu.edu/crsweb/infolit/andyou/mod9/infotech.htmprovidesextensivelinkstoissuesrelatedtotheinformationage.ForadiscussionofChinaintheinformationage,checkoutthepaperathttp:
//www.sims.berkeley.edu/~pam/papers/chinaip.html.
4.informationsuperhighway:
Anamefirstusedby(former)U.S.VicePresidentAlGoreforthevisionofaglobal,high-speedcommunicationsnetworkthatwillcarryvoice,data,video,andotherformsofinformationallovertheworld,andthatwillmakeitpossibleforpeopletosendemail,getup-to-the-minutenews,andaccessbusiness,governmentandeducationalinformation.TheInternetisalreadyprovidingmanyofthesefeatures,viatelephonenetworks,cableTVservices,onlineserviceproviders,andsatellites.IntheU.S.,theinformationsuperhighwayisalsoknownasNationalInformationInfrastructure(http:
//glossary.its.bldrdoc.gov/fs-1037/dir-024/_3476.htm).Theinformationsuperhighwaycanbeunderstoodtobeahighwaywhichhascomputertechnologyandmoderncommunicationtechnologyservingasthebaseoftheroadandfiber-opticcablesservingasthesurfaceoftheroad.The“vehicles”arethemultimediamachinesequippedwithcomputer,televisionandtelephone,andhighspeedtransmissionandexchangeofvariousmultimediainformationformsthewebcoveringthewholenation.Ifthenationalsuperhighwaysallovertheworldarelinkedtogether,theglobalinformationsuperhighwaywillbecreated.
Whofirstcreatedtheideaof“constructing”asuperhighway?
In1955,AlbertGore,thenTennesseeDemocraticsenator,putforwardintheU.S.Congresstheactofinterstatesuperhighway,whichwaslaterprovedtohavegreatlypromotedtheAmericaneconomicdevelopment.In1991,hisson,AlGore,proposedanotheract—highperformancecomputingact,HPCA(http:
//www.hpcc.gov/congressional/laws/pl_102-194.html).Forthefirsttime,HPCAdemandedhighperformancecomputerandcommunication.Thecoreoftheactistosetupanationalresearchandeducationnetwork,NREN.
Formoreinformationonthesubject,checkoutthewebsitesathttp:
//trochim.human.cornell.edu/gallery/abrahams/ish.htm,http:
//admin.engr.wisc.edu/IT/infohghy.cfmand.au/http/sfist/shwy0.htm.
5.BellSouthCorporation:
BellSouthisatelecommunicationscompanyintheU.S.thatmainlyservesthesouthernstates.Itsbusinessrangesfromvoice(suchaslocalandlong-distancetelephoneandwireless)todata(computernetworks)services.Formoreinformationaboutthecompany,checkoutitswebsiteat.
TheTelecommunicationsRevolution课文生词讲解(newwordsstudy)
∙TheTelecommunicationsRevolution
NewWords
telecommunications
n.[U]thesendingandreceivingofmessagesoverdistance,esp.bytelephone,radioandtelevision
电信,远距离通信
atelecommunicationssatellite
长途通信卫星
thetelecommunicationsindustry
电信业
Thecompanyspecializesintelecommunications.
这家公司专门从事长途通信。
dumb
a.lackingthepowerofspeaking;unabletospeak
哑的,不会说话的
Hewasstruckdumbwithfear.
他吓得说不出话来。
Theprisonerremaineddumbthroughouthistrial.
整个审判期间犯人一言不发。
utility
n.1.[C]aserviceusedbythepublic,suchasanelectricityorgassupplyoratrainservice
公用事业,公用事业设施
apublicutility
公用事业公司
highutilitybill
高额公用事业开支
2.[U]theusefulnessofsth.,esp.inapracticalway
功用,效用,利用
Somekitchentoolshaveverylittleutility.
有些厨房用具几乎没有什么用处。
Theutilityofthisrescueequipmenthasstilltobeassessedinarealemergency.
这种救生设备的功用还有待在真正的紧急情况中评定。
optical
a.1.oforusinglight,esp.forthepurposeofrecordingandstoringinformationforuseinacomputersystem
光学的,光的
anopticalfiber
光学纤维
Telescopesandmicroscopesareopticalinstruments.
望远镜和显微镜都是光学仪器。
2.oforaboutthesenseofsight;visual
视力的,视觉的,眼睛的
anopticaleffect
视觉效果
Hesuffersfromanopticaldefect.
他有视觉障碍。
diameter
n.[C]the(lengthofa)straightlinethatgoesfromonesideofaroundobjecttoanother,throughthecenteroftheobject
直径
Thediametermeasurestwicetheradius.
直径为半径的两倍。
Thepondissixfeetindiameter.
该池塘直径为6英尺。
millimeter
n.[C]aunitoflengthwhichisequalto0.001meter
毫米
Amillimeterisone-thousandthofameter.
一毫米是一米的千分之一。
cable
n.[C](alengthof)wire,esp.twistedintothickstrongropeorusedtocarryelectricity
缆索,电缆
Therewerecablesusedfortelephones,lightsandcomputersalloverthefloor.
地上满是电话、电灯、计算机的线缆。
Theroadhasbeendugupinordertolaycables.
路被挖开以便铺设电缆。
copper
n.[U]asoftreddishmetalthatisasimplesubstancethatiseasilyshapedandallowsheatandelectricitytopassthroughiteasily
紫铜,紫铜色
abraceletmadeofcopper
铜制手镯
a.madeofcopper,reddish-browncolor
铜的,铜色的
copperwire/pipes
铜线/铜管
Herhairshonecopperinthesunlight.
她的头发在阳光下闪着紫铜色。
parade
n.1.[C]aseriesofpeopleorthingsthatseemsnevertoend
一连串,一批
anendlessparadeofadvertisements
一连串没完没了的广告
WhenIaskedhimabouthischildhood,herememberedaparadeofbaby-sitters.
当我问起他的童年时,他记起了一大批保姆。
2.[C]alineofpeople,vehicles,etc.movingforwardinorder,oftenasacelebrationofsomeevent
(庆祝)游行,检阅
Thesmallboyloveswatchingthesoldiersonparade.
这个小男孩喜欢看士兵的检阅队伍。
Thecrowdmarchedthroughtowninavictoryparade.
人群游行走过市中心,欢庆胜利。
spider
n.[C]asmallinsect-likecreaturewitheightthinlegs
蜘蛛
aspider'sweb
蜘蛛网
Spidersproducefinethreadswhichtheymakeintowebsinordertotrapinsectsforfood.
蜘蛛用