934 海外项目安全管理脚手架英文版 Scaffoldings.docx

934 海外项目安全管理脚手架英文版 Scaffoldings.docx

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934海外项目安全管理脚手架英文版Scaffoldings

Scaffoldings

1.0PURPOSE

ThepurposeofthisstandardistodefinetheminimumrequirementsforerectionanduseofScaffoldings.

2.0SCOPE

ThestandardappliestotheScaffoldingsthatareerectedandusedatSABICandit’sAffiliatesfacilities.

3.0DEFINITIONS

3.1Bearer:

Ahorizontalmemberofscaffoldinguponwhichtheplatformrestsandwhichmaybesupportedbyledgers.

3.2Brace:

Atiethatholdsonescaffoldingmemberinafixedpositionwithrespecttoanothermember.

3.3Coupler:

Adeviceforlockingtogetherthecomponentpartsofatubularmetalscaffolding.Thematerialusedforthecouplersshallbeofastructuraltype,suchasadrop-forgedsteel,malleableiron,orstructuralgradealuminum.Theuseofgraycastironisnotrecommended.

3.4Doublepoleorindependentposescaffolding:

Ascaffoldingsupportedfromthebasebyadoublerowofuprights,independentofsupportfromthewallsandconstructedofuprights,ledgers,horizontalplatformbearers,anddiagonalbracing.

3.5Guardrail:

Arailsecuredtouprightsanderectedalongtheexposedsidesandendsofplatforms.

3.6Heavy-dutyscaffolding:

Ascaffoldingdesignedandconstructedtocarryaworkingloadnottoexceed75poundspersquarefoot.

3.7Hop-upScaffoldings:

Theseareunitscaffoldingsnotmorethan3metershighwhichmayquicklybeerectedformaintenancepurposes.

3.8Interiorhungscaffolding:

Ascaffoldingsuspendedfromtheceilingorroofstructure.

3.9Ladderjackscaffolding:

Alightdutyscaffoldingsupportedbybracketsattachedtoladders.

3.10Ledger（stringer）:

Ahorizontalscaffoldingmemberthatextendsfromposttopostandwhichsupporttheputlogsorbearerformingatiebetweentheposts.

3.11Lightdutyscaffolding:

Ascaffoldingdesignedandconstructedtocarryaworkingloadnottoexceed25poundspersquarefoot.

3.12Manuallypropelledmobilescaffolding:

Aportablerollingscaffoldingsupportedbycasters.

3.13Maximumintendedload:

Thetotalofallloadsincludingtheworkingload,theweightofthescaffolding,andsuchotherloadsasmaybereasonablyanticipated.

3.14Mediumdutyscaffolding:

Ascaffoldingdesignedandconstructedtocarryaworkingloadnottoexceed50poundspersquarefoot.

3.15Mid-rail:

Arailapproximatelymidwaybetweentheguardrailandplatform,usedwhenrequired,andsecuredtotheuprightserectedalongtheexposedsidesandendsofplatform.

3.16Mobilescaffolding:

Meansapoweredorunpowered,portable,casterorwheel-mountedsupportedscaffolding（seeAttachment-1）.

3.17Runner:

Thelengthwisehorizontalbracingorbearingmembersorboth.

3.18Scaffolding:

Anytemporaryelevatedplatformanditssupportingstructureusedforsupportingworkmenormaterialsorboth（seeAttachment-1）.

3.19Single-pointadjustablesuspensionscaffolding:

Amanualorpower-operatedunitdesignedforlightdutyuse,supportedbyasinglewireropefromanoverheadsupportsoarrangedandoperatedastopermittheraisingorloweringoftheplatformtodesiredworkingpositions.

3.20Singlepolescaffolding:

Platformsrestingonputlogsorcrossbeams,theoutsideendsofwhicharesupportedonledgerssecuredtoasinglerowofpostsoruprightsandtheinnerendsofwhicharesupportedonorinawall.

3.21SuspendedScaffoldings:

Scaffoldingserectedinpiperacksthataresuspended/hungfromthestructuralsteelwork.

3.22Toeboard:

Abarriersecuredalongthesidesandendsofaplatform,toguardagainstthefallingofmaterial/personnel.

3.23TrestlePlatforms:

Platformsmadeforlow-levelaccessupto1.5metersforwhichtrestleandplankplatformsmaybeused.

3.24Tubeandcouplerscaffolding:

Anassemblyconsistingoftubingthatservesasposts,bearers,braces,ties,andrunners,abasesupportingtheposts,andspecialcouplerswhichservetoconnecttheuprightsandtojointhevariousmembers.

3.25Tubularweldedframescaffolding:

Asectional,panel,orframemetalscaffoldingsubstantiallybuiltupofpre-fabricatedweldedsectionsthatconsistofpostsandhorizontalbearerwithintermediatemembers.Panelsorframesshallbebracedwithdiagonalorcrossbraces.

3.26Workingload:

Loadimposedbymen,materials,andequipment.

4.0REQUIREMENTS

SABICanditsAffiliatesshalldevelopproceduresandprogramsthatmeetsthefollowingrequirementsforScaffoldings:

SABICIndustrialSecurityshallbeconsultedforanyclarificationtothisstandard.TheclarificationgivenbySABICIndustrialSecurityshallbecompliedandconsideredfinal.

4.1ScaffoldingshallnotbeerectedwithoutpermissionofOwnerareasupervision.Followingshouldbeconsideredbeforepermittinginstallationofscaffoldings:

4.1.1Identifyandresolvepotentialhazardsandsafeguardsthatthescaffoldingactivitymaypresenttothescaffoldingerectingcrew,personnelusingthescaffolding,andoperatingunitpersonnelinthearea.

4.1.2Identifyandresolvetemporaryegress/accessnormalworkactivityrestrictioncausedbythescaffolding.

4.2“Donotuse”tagshallbeplacedataconspicuousplaceonthescaffoldingduringconstructionofscaffoldings.

4.3Scaffoldersshallusefullbodyharnesswhileerectingscaffoldings.

4.4Trainedandqualifiedemployeeshallinspectscaffoldings,afterconstructionandafteranymodificationtotheexistingscaffolding.Afterinspection,theinspectiontagshallbesignedandinstalledontheaccessladderofthescaffolding.

4.5Onlythosescaffoldingsthathasasignedinspectiontagindicatingthatitisfittobeused,shallbeused.

4.6Unnecessaryitemsshouldnotbekeptonthescaffoldingplatform.

4.7Laddersshouldnotbeusedfromtopofthescaffoldingplatform.

4.8Inspectiontagshallberemoved,ifanymodificationistobecarriedoutonthescaffolding.Permissionfortheuseofmodifiedscaffoldingshallonlybegivenafterre-inspection.

4.9Alltubeandcouplerscaffoldingsshallbeconstructedanderectedtosupportfourtimesthemaximumintendedloads.

4.10Postsshallbeaccuratelyspaced,erectedonsuitablebases,andmaintainedplumbatalltimes.

4.11Designsforscaffoldingsstandingover37metershighshallbepreparedorreviewedandapprovedbyaqualifiedengineer.

4.12TheSafetyclipsofScaffoldingbracingshallbefunctional.

4.13Scaffoldingsshallnotbemovedoralteredhorizontallywhileinuseoroccupied.

4.14Framesandaccessoriesforscaffoldingsshallbemaintainedingoodcondition.Anybroken,bent,excessivelyrusted,alteredorotherwisedamagedframesoraccessoriesshallnotbeused.Lockingdevicesshallbemaintainedingoodworkingcondition.

4.15Scaffoldingframesshouldbeconstructedofmetalmaterialsofknownstrengthcharacteristicsandshallbecapableofsupportingatleastfourtimesthemaximumintendedload.

4.16Scaffoldingsshallbeproperlybracedbycrossand/ordiagonalbracingtosquareandalignverticalmemberssothattheerectedscaffoldingretainsplumb,square,andmaintainsrigidalignment.Wheretheheightorlengthofthescaffoldingexceeds7.5meters,thescaffoldingshallbesecurelytiedtoastructureatintervalsnotgreaterthan7.5meters.

4.17Employeesshallnotworkonscaffoldingsduringstormsorhighwinds.

4.18Foundationsforscaffoldingsshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:

4.18.1Allscaffoldingsshallbeerectedonafirmfoundation.Scaffoldingscannormallybebuiltdirectlyonconcrete.Scaffoldingsbuiltonasphaltrequireabaseplate,plywoodoraplanktospreadtheload.Allscaffoldingsbuiltonshellorfirmsoilshallhaveplywoodpadsorplankingunderthesupportinglegs.

4.18.2Screwjacksshallbeusedtolevelscaffoldings.Make-shiftshimsofblocksofwood,bricks,orconcreteshallnotbepermitted.

4.18.3Thefootingoranchorageforscaffoldingshallbecapableofsupportingthemaximumintendedloadwithoutsettlementordisplacement.

4.18.4Timbersoleplatesshouldbeatleast23cmwideby3.8cmthick（notscaffoldingplanks）.

4.18.5Wherescaffoldingiserectedonsolidbearingsuchasrockorconcrete,smalltimberpadsshouldbeusedinplaceofsoleplatestopreventthebaseplatesstrikingoff.

4.18.6Concreteblock,barrelsandotherbaseorunsuitablematerialsshallnotbeusedfortheconstructionorsupportofscaffolding.

4.19StructuralMembersforscaffoldingsshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:

4.19.1Ordinaryscaffoldingtubingshouldbe2.3cmindiameterandisreferredtoastwo-inchtubing.Itshouldbeofmildsteelandnormallysuppliedinlengthsof6.3meters.Tubesshallbefreefromcracksandsurfaceflaws,laminations,excessiverustandotherdefects.Theendshallbecutsquareandclearly.Atubeshallnotdeviatefromastraightlinebymorethen1/600ofitslengthmeasuredatthecenter.

4.19.2Standardsshallbepitchedon15cmx15cmsteelbaseplates.Jointsinstandardsshouldbestaggered,i.e.,jointsinadjacentstandardsshouldnotoccurinthesamelift.Allstandardsshallbevertical.

4.19.3Runnersshallbeerectedalongthelengthofthescaffoldingatevenheight.Runnersshallbeinterlockedtoformcontinuouslengthsandcoupledtoeachpost.Runnersshallbeplacednotmorethan2moncenters.

4.19.4Bearersshallbeinstalledtransverselybetweenpostsandshallbesecurelycoupledtothepostbearingontherunnercoupler.

4.19.5Crossandlongitudinalbracingshallbeprovided.

4.20GuardrailsandToeboardsshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:

4.20.1Guardrailsnotless0.9metersormorethan1meterhighwithamid-railshallbeinstalled.

4.20.2Toeboards2.5cmx10cmlumbershallbeinstalledatallopensidesonallscaffoldingsmorethan3metersabovethegroundorfloor.Toeboardsshallbeaminimumof10cminheight.

4.21