unit2 课文.docx

unit2 课文.docx

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unit2课文

THEROADTOMODERNENGLISH

一Attheendofthe16thcentury,aboutfivetosevenmillionpeoplespokeEnglish.NearlyallofthemlivedinEngland.Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondoraforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.P32

二NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Lookatthisexample:

BritishBetty:

Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?

AmericanAmy:

Yes.I’dliketocomeuptoyourapartment.P9

三SowhyhasEnglishchangedovertime?

Actuallyalllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlateFrench.ThesenewsettlersenrichedtheEnglishlanguageandespeciallyitsvocabulary.Sobythe1600’sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.In1620someBritishsettlersmovedtoAmerica.Laterinthe18thcenturysomeBritishpeopleweretakentoAustraliatoo.Englishbegantobespokeninbothcountries.

四Finallybythe19thcenturythelanguangewassettled（稳定）.AtthattimetwobigchangesinEnglishspellinghappened:

firstSamuelJohnsonwrotehisdictionaryandlaterNoahWebsterwroteTheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.ThelattergaveaseparateidentitytoAmericanEnglishspelling.

五EnglishnowisalsospokenasaforeignorsecondlanguageinSouthAsia.Forexample,IndiahasaverylargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakersbecauseBritainruledIndiafrom1765to1947.DuringthattimeEnglishbecamethelanguageforgovernmentandeducation.EnglishisalsospokeninSingporeandMalaysiaandcountriesinAfricasuchasSouthAfrica.TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.Infact,ChinamayhavethelargestnumberofEnglishlearners.WillChineseEnglishdevelopitsownidentity?

Onlytimewilltell.

BCAED

AD450-1150EnglishwasbasedonGerman

AD800-1150EnglishwasmorelikeFrench

Attheendof16thcentury5-7million

Inthe1600sShakespearemade….

Inthe19thcenturyAmericanEnglishgain..

LaterAmericanEnglishhaditsidentity.

FTFFTT

BDBBAD

Atfirst,onlypeopleinEnglandspokeEnglish.Later,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestootherparts,soEnglishgegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.Todays,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondorforeignlanguage.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachotherwithoutspeakingthesamekindEnglish.Alllanguageschangewhenculturescommunicatewithoneanother.SothereareBritishEnglish,AmericanEnglish,AustralianEnglishandsoon.Theyallhavetheirownidentities.EnglishisalsospokenasaforeignorsecondlanguageinSouthAsia.MaybeonedayChineseEnglishwillbecomeoneoftheworldEnglishes.