对小说《白牙》的分析解读.docx

对小说《白牙》的分析解读.docx

《对小说《白牙》的分析解读.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《对小说《白牙》的分析解读.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

对小说《白牙》的分析解读

Abstract

JackLondon,afamousAmericanwriter,wasbornin1876inSanFrancisco.HisnovelWhiteFangisthemostattractiveoneoftheanimalnovels.Inthisnovel,thedogistheprotagonist.Bydescribingthelifecourseoftheprotagonist“WhiteFang”,thenovelconveysthethoughtofJackLondon’s“naturalselectionandsurvivalofthefittest”.

Inthispaper,throughtheintroductionofthelifecourseofwhitefang,itanalyzesthemutualconversionof“wolves”andthe“dogs”undertheinfluenceofthechangingenvironmentalfactors.Itisconcludedthatunderthepreconditionofemphasizingtheeffectofenvironment,peoplemustlearntomakethecorrectactivealienation.

Thispaperisdividedintofiveparts.Thefirstpartisabriefintroductiontotheauthorandnovel.Thesecondpartfirstlyintroducesthetransformationsof“wolves”and“dogs”oftheherowhitefanginfourkindsofspaceconversion.Andthethirdpartshowstheconclusionandanalysisofthetransformation.Thefourthpartshowsthenaturallawnamed“naturalselectionandsurvivalofthefittest”.Tohumansociety,thelawisalsoright.Therearemoreandmoreintensecompetitionsinthesociety,weneedtolearntoimproveourselvesandresistthetemptation,andfinallywecouldmakerightdecisionandhaveaplaceinthecommunityofus.Finallythefifthpartmakesashortconclusionabouttheprevious information.Fortheindividualorsociety,wecouldsteerasteadycourseonlybydiscoveringourweaknessesandmakingcontinuousimprovement.

Thispapertriestogettherealisticmeaningfromthehero’sexperiencefullofstruggleandalienationbyanalyzingthenovelWhiteFang:

Weareabouttoentersociety.Facingthemodernsocietyfullofalienation,weshouldlearnthefightingspiritandthecouragetotaketheactivealienation.Onlyinthiswaycanweadapttothecomplexenvironment,makeaccuratepositionandfindarightplaceforusinthecompetitivesociety.

KeyWords:

WhiteFang;Naturalselectionandsurvivalofthefittest;Adaption;Activealienation

摘要

杰克·伦敦，1876年生于旧金山。

他的小说《白牙》，是动物描写小说中，狗作为主角的最有魅力的一篇。

小说通过对主人公“白牙”的生命历程的刻画，传达出杰克·伦敦所推崇的“物竞天择，适者生存”思想。

本文通过对“白牙”的生命历程的介绍，分析在多变的环境因素的影响下，“白牙”的狼性与狗性的主动转换。

得出结论：

在强调环境影响作用的前提之下，人必须学会做出正确的主动异化，达到适应社会、发展自身的目的。

本文分为四部分，第一部分是对小说作者，背景及小说内容的简单介绍；第二部分主要是介绍主人公“白牙”在四种空间转换中狼性与狗性的不断转换。

分析这种转换产生的原因与结果。

第三部分是生活转换的总结与分析。

第四部分主要从小说主人公“白牙”的生命历程中，得出“物竞天择，适者生存”和“优胜劣汰”的自然法则，联系人类社会，自然法则同样适用。

在竞争日益激烈的现今，我们更应该向白牙学习，不断学习、提高自己，同时抵御各种诱惑，做出正确的判断和抉择，才能在社会上有一个属于自己的立足之地。

第五部分是对以上信息的简短总结：

个人，或是社会都是一般，只有不断发现问题、改进提高，才能稳步前进。

本文通过对小说《白牙》的分析解读，在“白牙”的斗争与异化经历中得出其现实意义：

我们即将步入社会，面对异化充斥的现代社会，我们应该学习“白牙”的斗争精神以及主动异化的勇气。

只有这样，才能适应面对各种繁杂的环境，找准自身定位，为自己在竞争激烈的社会中找到一份立足之地。

关键词：

《白牙》；物竞天择，适者生存；适应环境；主动异化

Contents

1.BackgroundInformation1

1.1IntroductionofJackLondon1

1.2IntroductionoftheNovel1

2.TheTransformationof“Wolves”and“Dogs”2

2.1IntheForests2

2.2IntheIndigenousTribes2

2.3IntheArena3

2.4IntheHomeofScott3

3.TheAnalysisoftheTransformation4

3.1TheConclusionabouttheTransformationof“Wolves”and“Dogs”4

3.2TheAnalysisofCauseandResult4

4.LinkedtoHumanSociety6

4.1TheLawNamed“NaturalSelectionandSurvivaloftheFittest”6

4.2TheAppliesoftheLawinHumansSociety6

4.3CorrectandRightTransformation7

5.Conclusion11

Bibliography13

TheTransformationfrom“Wolves”to“Dogs”

——NaturalSelectionandSurvivaloftheFittest

Introduction

Thispartintroducesoftheauthorandnovelbriefly,includingashortbriefofJackLondon’searlylife.

1.1IntroductionofJackLondon

JackLondon,afamousAmericanwriter,wasbornin1876atSanFrancisco.Hewasoneofthewriterswhohadthemostrevenuesinthattime.Hegrewupinafamilywithnofixedoccupationandnofixedresidence，hehadtoearnmoneyasthetenthkidinhishome.WhenJackLondonwasyoung,hewaskidnappedbythiefandvillainanddidsomethingwrongforthem,thisthinggavehimdeepandbadimpression.Inseveralyears,JackLondonfeltdepressedandusuallydrunkdown.HehadbeenAlaskaforalongtime,andlaterthisplacebecametobethebackgroundofTheCallofWild.

JackLondonbegantowriteattheageof24anddiedwhenhewasonly40yearsold.Since1900,hehadpublishedmanyfamousworks,including19novels,150shortstoriesandalargenumberofliteraturereports.Healsowrote3playsandquiteafewessaysandpapers.MostofJackLondon’sworkswerefullofsocialismandindividualismandhadaprofoundimpactontheUnitedStatesandtherestoftheworld.JackLondonwasoneofthemostpopularwritersandhisworkswerepopularallovertheworld.JackLondon’screativecareerwasshort,buthestudiedhardtowintimeandlife.

IntroductionoftheNovel

WhiteFangwaswrittenbyJackLondon.Inthisnovel,dogistherealprotagonist,andthatthereisnodoubtthatthisnovelhasmorecharmsthanhisotherworks.

InWhiteFang,thebackgroundisthenorthwestborderofthefrozenzone.Inthisnovel,JackLondondoesn’tusesamestyleofTheCallofWild;itdescribeshowayoungwolfgetsintotheworldofhumancivilizationfromthewild.ThemoreinterestingandattractivethingisthattheanimalscreatedbyJackLondonalwaysaremoreelegantandmoreworthyofbeingrespectedthanthepeopletheymeet.

WhenJackLondonwrotethenovel,hejustgotdivorcedwithhiswife,andtherelationshipbetweenjackandXiaMiAndidn’tsettled.JackLondonwasdepressedinthattime,hewaseagertohaveanewlifewithpeace,sohesaidhewouldwriteacompanionbutacontinuationofTheCallofWild,hewouldturnthewholeprocessupsidedown.Hesaidhewon’tdescribethelossofthecivilizationofthedog;hewoulddescribetheevolutionandcivilizationofadog.Itincludeshislove,loyal,moralandthedevelopmentofalletiquettesandvirtues.WhiteFang,thethemeistheportrayalofJackLondon’shopeofrestartingthewarmfamily,theprotagonist’sexperienceistheprocessaboutreturningtocivilizationandreturningtomorality,thisnewnovelreflectshisbeliefinthattime—Lovecouldcurethemostpainfuldespair.

WhiteFangisanovelwhichdescribestheanimals,itwaspublishedin1960.Inthenovel,thebackgroundisthecoldareaofCanada,theauthordescribestheexperienceofawolfdognamedwhitefangwithpersonification:

Whitefangwasbroughtintothesocietyofhumanbeingssincehewasseveralmonthsold,andlaterhetransformedintoadogstepbystep.Whitefangisadog,tobehonest,heisawolfdog,theliveswithdifferentpeopleofwhitefangmostlydividedintomanyparts,andtheseshowthehumanizedexperience.

Theexperienceofwhitefangisaprocessfromfelicitytosufferingandsufferingtofelicity, anditisalsotheprocessfromtrusttodoubtanddoubttothetrust.Therearefourchangesindifferentspaces.

2.TheTransformationsof“Wolves”and“Dogs”

Thereisabriefdescriptionofdifficultexperienceofwhitefang.Therearefourkindsoflifeinthechangingenvironmentandtheactivetransformationsinseveralenvironments.

2.1IntheForests

Thefirstactivelearning:

Whitefangwasborninthedepthsoftheforest, andhismotherwashisfirstfamilyafterhisbirth.Whenhewasyoung,hewasnotallowedtogetoutofthecave,hewasjustinthelongwaitingforhismothertogohunting,andthenbringfoodtoeat.Onedayheclimbedoutoftheircaveaccidently,andlaterstartedbeingfromtheignorancetotheendtofoundhissurvivalhuntingmethods,finallybegantoexplorethelawoflife.Althoughthesurvivalinthewildwascruel,butwasalsofree.Theexperienceofthistimewasthemostbeautifulmemoriesofthelifeforwhitefang.

2.2IntheIndigenousTribes

Thesecondactivechange:

Whitefangmetthemasterofhismother.Hismotherandheweretakentoanindigenoustribe,andwhitefangbegantodealwithhumanbeingshere.Inthehumansociety,thedogisonlyoneoftheirtoys,onlyasmallboyregardedwhitefangasafriendatthetribe.Theyplayedtogether,andinthisprocess,theinitiallyestablishedthetrustofmankind.Infact,thistrusthasbeentheexistenceofthewhitefangofthebody,becauseinhisbloodthereishalfofthedog’sblood,therefore,theloyaltyandprotectionofpeopleisadeepbonemarrowinstinct.However,inthehumanworld,thedogisjustaplaything,acommodity.Laterhismotherwasexchangedforthedebtofhismaster,fromthenon;theworldofwhitefanghasgraduallybeguntobleak.

2.3IntheArena

Thethirdactivechange:

Thisperiodoftimewasthemostpainfulmemoriesofwhitefanginhislife.Theownerwenttothemarketprocesswithwhitefanginanaccident,amaliciousbusinessmansawthestrongandferociousofwhitefang,andlaterheboughtwhitefangwithtricksandgoldfromtheowner.Butthemainpurposeofthisbusinessmanwastomakewhitefangparticipateincompetitivegamestoearnmoneyforhim.Inavarietyofharshenvironmentstorture,thebrutalityandwildnessofwhitefangwerearousedonceagain.Inlatergames,whitefangsuccessfullyconqueredallchallengersandwonthename“WarWolf”.Thishonorhasbeenwithwhitefanguntilthelastgame,inthatgame,hewasdefeatedbyaBulldogandsufferedaseriousinjury,afterthatpainfulexperience,whitefangbegantohatethecruelhumanandfeltthepainoflife.

2.4IntheHomeofScott

Thefourthpersonalitychange:

Thisperiodcanbethehappiestmemoryinlife.Forwhitefang,Scottishissavior.Pastbadexperiencemadehimknowthecunningandbrutalofhuman,itgavewhitefangahighdegreeofvigilanceandsuspicionformankindatalltimes.Butlater,inthespecialcareandsincereloveofScott,whitefangbegantoaccepttheloveofmankindgradually.Along