虚拟语气教学教案.docx
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虚拟语气教学教案
PRETCO
教课目标、要求:
1)Thestudentswillbeabletofinishthepaper
2)Thestudentswillunderstandthesomeimportantgrammartips
教课要点、难点:
1)Leadthestudentstounderstandthe
教课方法和手段
1.教师讲堂教课为主;
学时分派:
总学习:
2学时;
教课内容:
StepⅠ.Listening
Askthestudentstofinishthelisteningexercises.
repeatthemfortwiceandthengivetheanswer.
StepⅡ.Structure
虚构语气
1)观点
虚构语气用来表示说话人的主观梦想或设想,所说的是一个条件,
不必定是事实,或与事实相反。
2)在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类,一类为真切条件句,一类为非真切条件句。
非真
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实条件句表示的是假定的或实质可能性不大的状况,故采纳虚构语气。
1.真切条件句
真切条件句用于陈说语气,假定的状况可能发生,此中if是假如
的意思。
时态关系
句型:
条件从句主句
一般此刻时shall/will/can/may/etc.+动词原形
Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin.
典型例题
Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit___.
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A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined
答案B。
真切条件句主句为未来时,从句用一般此刻时。
注意:
1)在真切条件句中,主句不可以用begoingto表示未来,该用shal
l,will.
(错)Ifyouleavenow,youarenevergoingtoregretit.
(对)Ifyouleavenow,youwillneverregretit.
2)表示真谛时,主句谓语动词便不用shall(will)+动词原形,而
直接用一般此刻时的动词形式。
2.非真切条件句
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1)时态:
能够表示过去,此刻和未来的状况。
它的基本特色是时态退
后。
a.同此刻事实相反的假定。
句型:
条件从句主句
一般过去时should/would/could/might+动词原形
Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.
b.表示于过去事实相反的假定。
句型:
条件从句主句
过去达成时should/would/could/mighthave+过去分词
Ifshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.
Thericewouldnothavebeenburntifyouhadbeenmorecareful.
IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhaveprev
entedmefromgoing.
Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.
含义:
Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottellhimabout
it.
Ifhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhavemadegreaterprogress.
含义:
Hewasillandmissedmanylessons,sohedidnotmak
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egreaterprogress.
c.表示对未来的设想
句型:
条件从句主句
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一般过去时/were+不定式/should+动词原形should/would/could
/might+动词原形
Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.
Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.
Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.
3.混淆条件句
主句与从句的动作发生在不一样的时间,这时主,从句谓语动词的虚构
语气形式因时间不一样而不一样,这叫做混淆条件句。
Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodono
w.
(从句与过去事实相反,主句与此刻事实相反。
)
Ifithadrainedlastnight(过去),itwouldbeverycoldto
day(此刻).
4.虚构条件句的倒装
虚构条件句的从句部分假如含有were,should,或had,可将if省
略,再把were,should或had移到从句句首,推行倒装。
Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.
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=Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim
=Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.
Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.
=Wereittorain,thecropswouldbesaved.
注意:
在虚构语气的从句中,动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were",不用was,
即在从句中be用were取代。
IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.
假如我是你,就会去找他。
Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.
假如他在这儿,全部都会好的。
典型例题
_____todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.
A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI
答案C.在虚构条件状语中假如有were,should,had这三个词,通
常将if省略,主语提早,变为were,should,had+主语的形式。
但要注
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意,在虚构条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不可以用动词的缩
略形式。
如我们可说WereInottodo.,而不可以说Weren'tItodo.
5特别的虚构语气词:
should
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1)Itisdemanded/necessary/apity+that构中的主⋯
从句的要用should加原形,should可省略。
句型:
(1)suggested
Itis
(2)importantthat⋯+(should)do
(3)apity
(1)suggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,reques
ted,insisted;+(should)do
(2)important,necessary,natural,strange
apity,ashame,nowonder
例:
Itissuggestedthatwe(should)holdameetingnextwee
k.
Itisnecessarythathe(should)cometoourmeetingtomorrow.
2)在从句中的用
在表示命令、建、要求等一后边的从句中。
order,suggest,propose,require,demand,request,insist,c
ommand,insist+(should)do
Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.
Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.
注意:
如suggest,insist不表示"建"或"持要某人做某事",
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即它们用于其本义"示意、表示"、"坚持以为"时,宾语从句用陈说语气。
Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybodyobeytherules.
判断改错:
(错)Youpalefacesuggeststhatyou(should)beill.
(对)Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.
(错)Iinsistedthatyou(should)bewrong.
(对)Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.
3)在表语从句,同位语从句中的应用
在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后边
的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚构语气,即(should)+动词原形。
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Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.
Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.
6.wish的用法
1)用于wish后边的从句,表示与事实相反的状况,或表示未来不太
可能实现的梦想。
其宾语从句的动词形式为:
真切状况wish后
从句动作先于主句动词动作过去时过去达成时
(be的过去式为were)
从句动作与主句动作同时发生此刻时过去时
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(had+去分)
未来不大可能的梦想未来would/could+
原形
IwishIwereastallasyou我.希望和你一高。
2)Wishtodo表达法。
Wishsb/sthtodo
Iwishtoseethemanager.=Iwanttoseethemanager.
Iwishthemanagertobeinformedatonce.(=Iwantthemanagertobeinformedatonce.)
7.比ifonly与onlyif
onlyif表示"只有";ifonly表示"假如⋯⋯就好了"。
Ifonly也
可用于述气。
Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有响了,我才会
醒。
Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung.当响了,就好了。
Ifonlyhecomesearly.希望他早点回来。
8.Itis(high)timethat
Itis(high)timethat后边的从句要用去式或用shou
ld加原形,但should不行省略。
Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.
Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.
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9need"不用做"和"本不应做"
didn'tneedtodo表示:
过去不用做某事,事实上也没做。
.
needn'thavedone表示:
过去不用做某事,但事实上做了。
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JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary,soshed
idn'tneedtowalkbackhome.约翰开车去车站接玛丽,因此她不用步
行回家了。
JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary,soshen
eedn'thavewalkedbackhome.约翰开车去车站接玛丽,因此她本不用
步行回家了。
(Mary步行回家,没有碰上John的车。
)
典型例题
Therewasplentyoftime.She___.
A.mustn'thavehurriedB.couldn'thavehurriedC.mustn
othurryD.needn'thavehurried
答案D。
needn'thavedone.意为"本不用",即已经做了某事,而时
实质上不用要。
Mustn'thavedone用法不正确,对过去发生的事情进行否认性推测
应为couldn'thavedone,"不行能已经"。
mustnotdo不可以够(用于
一般此刻时)。
StepⅢ.Exercise
Letthestudentsfinishthepaper.
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StepⅣ.Assignments
1)Reviewthewordslearned.
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Unit2
教课目标、要求:
1)Thestudentswillmastertheusefulsentencestructures,expressionsandotherlanguagepointsinTextA.
2)Thestudentsmaymastertheactivewordsandfinishtheexercises
3)Thestudentswillbeabletomasterthegrammartipsandknowhowto
writinganoteofapology
教课要点、难点:
1)Howtowritinganoteofapology.
2)Theadverbialclauseoftime
教课方法和手段
1.教师讲堂教课为主;
学时分派:
总学习:
2学时;
教课内容:
StepⅠ.Review
AsksomestudentstoreadthewordsofTextAofUnit2asarevisionofwordsstudy.Explainsomedifficultpointsifnecessary.
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StepⅡ.IntensiveReading
I.Leadthestudentstolistentothepassagesoastoreviewthebasicideaof
it.
II.Explainsomeimportantlanguagepoints.
1.ThemomentIsteppedintothecab,Irealizeditwasdifferent:
AssoonasIgotintothecab,Ifoundthatitwasdifferentfromanyothercab.themoment(that)sb.doessth.:
assoonassb.doessth.
e.g.
(1)Iwilltellhimthemomenthecomesin.他一来我就会告他。
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(2)Hesaidhewouldphoneyouthemomenthegothome.他他一到家就你打。
2.IgottheideayearsagowhenIhadajobasaclean-upmanforthetaxicompany:
AfewyearsagoIworkedforthetaxicompanyasaclean-upman.Ihiton
theideaatthattime.
as:
prep.作,以⋯⋯身份
e.g.Icomehereasajournalist我.是以者身份到里来的。
3.Eachcarthatcameinattheendofthedaywaslikeagarbagepit:
Whenthedaywasover,thecarscameback.Eachofthemwasverydirtylikearubbishpit.
thatcameinattheendoftheday:
anattributiveclauseintroducedby
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"that"
4.Ithoughtthatifthecompanyandthedriverswouldgivepeopleacarworthkeepingclean,theymightbemoreconsiderate:
Ithoughtthatifthecompanyandthedriverswouldgivepeopleacleanandtidycar,peoplewouldtrynottomakeitdirtyormessy.
worthkeepingclean:
anattributivephrasemodifying"acar"
e.g.Itmaybeworthputtinganadvertisementinthelocalpaper.
在当地才艮纸上登载一则广告可能是值得的。
5.AssoonasIgotmytaxilicense,Itriedoutmyideas:
OnceIhadmytaxilicense,Iputmyideasintopracticeandtestediftheywereeffective.assoonas:
immediatelyaftersth.hashappened
e.g.IcameassoonasIheardthenews我.一听到信息就赶来了。
tryout:
toteststh.suchasamethodorapieceofequipmenttoseeifitis
effectiveor
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worksproperly
e.g.Jimcouldhardlywaittotryouthisnewbike.吉姆急迫想试一试他的新
自行车。
6.Wheneachpassengergotout,Icheckedtomakesurethateverything
wasinorderforthenextfare:
Everytimeapassengerleftthecab,Iwould
checktomakesurethateverythinginsidethecabwaswellarrangedforthe
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nextdrive.
makesure(that):
findoutthatsth.istrueorthatsth.hasbeendone
e.g.Marymadesurethatshepassedtheexamination玛.丽确立她经过了考
试。
7.Afteraboutamonthofmybringinginaspotlesscab,thebossreservedthesamecarformeeachday:
IkeptthecabIdrovespotlessandclean.Thislastedaboutamonth.Thenthebosskeptthesamecarformetodriveeachday.mybringinginaspotlesscab:
动名词复合构造,形容词性物主代词加动
名词短语组成。
又如:
Doyoumindmysmokinghere?
你介怀我在此
吸烟吗?
8.ThatwaswhenIputupthereproductionsofgreatpaintings:
AtthattimeIputthereproductionsofgreatpaintingsinthecab.whenI...paintings:
apredicativeclause
9.LikewhatIsay,peopleappreciatebeautifult