Oracle 10g安装 Rhel4.docx

Oracle 10g安装 Rhel4.docx

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Oracle10g安装Rhel4

DBA:

Linux

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OracleDatabase10gRelease2

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linux,database,installation,All

InstallingOracleDatabase10gRelease2onLinuxx86

（RHEL4andSLES9covered）

byJohnSmiley

LearnthebasicsofinstallingOracleDatabase10gRelease2onRedHatEnterpriseLinuxorNovellSUSEEnterpriseLinux,fromthebaremetalup（forevaluationpurposesonly）.

Contents

Overview

PartI:

InstallingLinux

    RHEL4

    SLES9

PartII:

ConfiguringLinuxforOracle

    VerifySystemRequirements

    CreateDirectories

    CreatetheOracleGroupsandUserAccount

    ConfigureLinuxKernelParameters

    SetShellLimitsfortheoracleUser

PartIII:

InstallingOracle

    InstalltheSoftware

PartIV:

ConfiguringStorage

    Filesystems

    AutomaticStorageManagement

Conclusion

Appendix

UpdatedDecember2007

ClickhereforaversioncoveringOracleDatabase11gonOEL5/RHEL5.

Overview

Theguideprovidesawalkthroughofinstalling anOracleDatabase10gRelease2database oncommodityhardwareforthepurposeofevaluation. IfyouarenewtoLinuxand/orOracle,thisguideisforyou.ItstartswiththebasicsandwalksyouthroughaninstallationofOracleDatabase10gRelease2fromthebaremetalup.

Thisguidewilltaketheapproachofofferingtheeasiestpaths,withthefewestnumberofstepsforaccomplishingatask. Thisapproachoftenmeansmakingconfigurationchoicesthatwouldbeinappropriateforanythingotherthananevaluation. Forthatreason,thisguideisnotappropriateforbuildingproduction-qualityenvironments,nordoesitreflectbestpractices.

TheLinuxdistributionscertifiedforOracleDatabase10gRelease2are:

∙OracleEnterpriseLinux5（OEL5）

∙OracleEnterpriseLinux4（OEL4）

∙RedHatEnterpriseLinux 5（RHEL5）

∙RedHatEnterpriseLinux 4（RHEL4）

∙RedHatEnterpriseLinux3（RHEL3）

∙NovellSUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10（SLES10）

∙NovellSUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9（SLES9）

∙Asianux2.0

∙Asianux1.0

WewillcovertheRHEL4andSLES9distributionsonlyhere.

PleasenotethatasanalternativeNovellofferstheorarunpackageforinstallationofSLES9andOracle.Tousethatmethodinsteadoftheonedescribedhere,refertothisNovell-suppliedinstallguide.

Thisguideisdividedintofourparts:

PartIcoverstheinstallationoftheLinuxoperatingsystem,PartIIcoversconfiguringLinuxforOracle,PartIIIdiscussestheessentialsofinstallingtheOracleDatabase,andPartIVcoverscreatingadditionalfilesystemsand AutomaticStorageManagement（ASM）—anewstorageoptioninOracleDatabase10gthatgreatlysimplifiesstorageadministrationandmanagement. TheAppendixprovidesinformationtohelpyougetstartedusingyournewdatabaseincludinghowtoaccessthedatabaseinteractivelyandhowtostopandstartthedatabaseandrelatedservices.

PartI:

InstallingLinux

Thisguideassumesaserverwiththefollowinghardware:

∙800MHzPentiumIIICPU

∙1024MBofRAM

∙SCSIhostadapter（UltraSCSI160）

∙FourSCSIdiskdrives（1x9GB+3x36GB）

∙One100Base-TEthernetadapter

Yourhardwaredoesnothavetomatchthisinordertousethisguide. AllthatisnecessaryforabasicdatabaseinstallisasingleCPU,1024MBofRAM,andonediskdrive（IDE,SCSI,orFireWire）withatleast7GBoffreespace.

Now,let'swalkthroughtheprocessofinstallingtheLinuxoperatingsystemonaserver.TheinstructionsassumeafreshinstallofLinux（asopposedtoanupgrade）,thattheserverwillbededicatedtoOracle,andthatnootheroperatingsystemsordataareontheserver.

RHEL4

OracleDatabase10gRelease2iscertifiedtorunthebasereleaseofRHEL4（AdvancedServerandEnterpriseServer）withoutupdates.IfyouhaveupdateCDs,youcanusethebootCDfromtheupdateinsteadofthebootCDfromthebasereleasetoautomaticallyapplyallupdatesduringtheinstallation.AllupdatesfromRedHataresupportedbyOracle.

TheeasiestandfastestwaytoapplytheupdatesforafreshinstallofLinuxistoperformtheinstallbyusingtheupdateCDs.IfLinuxisalreadyinstalledoryoudon'thavetheupdatesonCDs,theycanbeappliedthroughRHN.BecausethisguideisdesignedforafreshLinuxinstall,you'llusetheupdateCDs.

1.BoottheserverusingthefirstCD.

oYoumayneedtochangeyourBIOSsettingstoallowbootingfromtheCD.

2.Thebootscreenappearswiththeboot:

promptatthebottomofthescreen.

oSelectEntertocontinuewithagraphicalinstallontheconsole.（Forotherinstallationmethodsandoptions,refertotheRedHatInstallationGuide.）

oTheinstallerscansyourhardware,brieflydisplaystheRedHatsplashscreen,andthenbeginsaseriesofscreenprompts.

3.LanguageSelection

oAcceptthedefault.

4.KeyboardConfiguration

oAcceptthedefault.

5.WelcomeScreen

oClickonNext.

6.DiskPartitioningSetup

oAthoroughtreatmentofdiskpartitioningisbeyondthescopeofthisguide,whichassumesthatyouarefamiliarwithdiskpartitioningmethods.

（WARNING:

Improperlypartitioningadiskisoneofthesurestandfastestwaystowipeouteverythingonyourharddisk.Ifyouareunsurehowtoproceed,stopandgethelp,oryouwillrisklosingdata!

）

Thisguideusesthefollowingpartitioningscheme,withext3foreachfilesystem:

The9GBdiskonthefirstcontroller（/dev/sda）willholdallLinuxandOraclesoftwareandcontainsthefollowingpartitions:

-100MB/bootpartition

-1,500MBswappartition—SetthistoatleasttwicetheamountofRAMinthesystembuttonomorethan2GB.（Thirty-two-bitsystemsdonotsupportswapfileslargerthan2GB.）Ifyouneedmorethan2GBofswapspace,createmultipleswappartitions.

-7,150MBrootpartition—Thispartitionwillbeusedforeverything,including/usr,/tmp,/var,/opt,/home,andmore.Thisapproachispurelytosimplifyinstallationforthepurposesofthisguide.Amorerobustpartitioningschemewouldseparatethesedirectoriesontoseparatefilesystems.

7.BootLoaderConfiguration

oAcceptthedefault.

8.NetworkConfiguration

oItisusuallybesttoconfiguredatabaseserverswithastaticIPaddress.Todoso,clickonEdit.

oApop-upwindowappears.UnchecktheConfigureusingDHCPbox,andentertheIPAddressandNetmaskfortheserver.BesurethatActivateonbootischecked,andclickonOK.

oIntheHostnamebox,selectmanuallyandenterthehostname.

oIntheMiscellaneousSettingsbox,entertheremainingnetworksettings.

9.FirewallConfiguration

oForthepurposesofthiswalk-through,nofirewallisconfigured.SelectNofirewall

oSelectDisabledonthe"EnableSELinux"dropdownlist. 

oClickonProceedwhenthe"Warning-NoFirewall"windowappears.

10.AdditionalLanguageSupport

oAcceptthedefault.

11.TimeZoneSelection

oChoosethetimesettingsthatareappropriateforyourarea.SettingthesystemclocktoUTCisusuallyagoodpracticeforservers.Todoso,clickonSystemclockusesUTC.

12.SetRootPassword

oEnterapasswordforroot,andenteritagaintoconfirm.

13.PackageInstallationDefaults

oSelectCustomizesoftwarepackagestobeinstalled.

14.PackageGroupSelection

oSelectonlythepackagesetsshownhereandleaveallothersunselected. 

oDesktop

▪XWindowSystem

▪Gnome

oApplications

▪GraphicalInternet（optional）

oServers

▪Donotselectanythinginthisgroup.

oDevelopment

▪DevelopmentTools

oSystem

▪AdministrationTools

▪SystemTools

▪Addthe package'sysstat'byclickingontheDetailslinkandselecting"sysstat-Thesaraniostatsystemmonitoringcommands."fromtheOptionalPackageslist.

oMiscellaneous

▪Donotselectanythinginthisgroup.

oClickonNexttoproceed.

15.InstallingPackages

oSoftwarewillbecopiedtotheharddiskandinstalled.Changedisksasprompted.

16.Congratulations

oRemovetheinstallationmediafromthesystem,andclickonReboot.

17.Thesystemautomaticallyrebootsandpresentsanewwelcomescreen.

oClickonNext.

18.LicenseAgreement

oReadthelicenseagreement.Ifyouagreetotheterms,selectYes,IagreetotheLicenseAgreementandclickonNext.

19.DateandTime

oSettheDateandTime.

oIfyouwanttouseanNTPserver（recommended）,selectEnableNetworkTimeProtocolandenterthenameoftheNTPserver.

20.Display

oAcceptthedefaultsorchangeasrequired.

21.RedHatLogin

oEnteryourRedHatNetworkloginandpasswordorcreateanewone.

22.SystemUser

oCreateanaccountforyourself.

oDonotcreateanaccountfororacleatthistime.Creatingtheoracleaccountiscoveredlaterinthissection.

23.AdditionalCDs

oClickonNext.

24.FinishSetup

oClickonNext.

25.Agraphicalloginscreenappears.

26.Congratulations!

YourRHEL4softwareisnowinstalled.

VerifyingYourInstallation

Requiredkernelversion:

 2.6.9-5.0.5.EL Thiskernel,oranyofthekernelssuppliedinupdates,workswithOracleDatabase10gRelease2.

Checkyourkernelversionbyrunningthefollowingcommand:

uname-r

Ex:

#uname-r

2.6.9-22.ELsmp

Onceyou'vecompletedthestepsabove,allofthepackages requiredforOracleDatabase10gRelease2willhavebeeninstalled. Verifythisusingtheexamplebelow.

Requiredpackageversions（orlater）:

∙binutils-2.15.92.0.2-10.EL4

∙compat-db-4.1.25-9

∙control-center-2.8.0-12

∙gcc-3.4.3-9.EL4

∙gcc-c++-3.4.3-9.EL4

∙glibc-2.3.4-2

∙glibc-common-2.3.4-2

∙gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1

∙libstdc++-3.4.3-9.EL4

∙libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-9.EL4

∙make-3.80-5

∙pdksh-5.2.14-30

∙sysstat-5.0.5-1

∙xs