核心素养下教案Unit 4Astronomy.docx

核心素养下教案Unit 4Astronomy.docx

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核心素养下教案Unit4Astronomy

Unit4Astronomy:

Thescienceofthestars

ThereadingpassagetitledHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHprovidesstudentsabriefintroductiononhowtheuniversedevelopedintospaceandhowlifebeganontheearth.Itprovidesascientificbackgroundtoanyinvestigationintospaceanditisfactual.

Thisunitisconcernedwithastronomyandhowhumanbeingsfirstevolvedontheearthandunderstandtheuniversearoundthem.Theexplorationofspaceisexaminedthroughsciencefictionasnobodyhasyetvisiteda“blackhole”.Wealsoexaminedhowideashavedevelopedaboutgravity.ThethreescientistswhohavemadethegreatestcontributiontoourunderstandingofgravityareIsaacNewton,AlbertEinsteinandStephenHawking.

Scienceofthestar：

thedevelopmentoflife;spacetravelandgravity

Vocabulary:

astronomy,system,religion,theory,atom,billion,globe,violent,carbon,atmosphere,unlike,fundamental,harmful,acid,chain,oxygen,exist,thus,dioxide,puzzle,biology,biologist,satellite,gentle,physicist,climate,crash,spaceship,pull,float,solarsystem,intime,givebirthto,inone`sturn,prevent….from,blockout,cheerup,nowthat,watchout

Planets:

Mercury（水星）,Venus（金星）,Earth（地球）,Mars（火星）,Jupiter（木星）,Saturn（土星）,Uranus（天王星）,Neptune（海王星）

TheBigBang:

Itisthetermusedtodescribeahugeexplosionthatscientistsbelievehappenedaround15billionyearsago,creatingouruniverse.NobodyknowswhatcausedtheBigBang,sincewecannotlookbacktoatimebeforeit.Butjustaftertheevent,theuniverseisbelievedtohavebeenaknotoftightlypackedparticlesonlyaboutthesizeofapea.Itstemperaturewastenthousandtrillion,trilliondegreeCelsius.

Theuniverseismadeupofstars,planets,andothermatterscatteredthroughoutspace.

Satellitesareobjectsthatmoveinorbitaroundotherobjectsofgreatermass.Asatellitemaybenatural,likethemoon,orartificial,likeaspacecraft.

Oursolarsystemismadeupofthesunandtheobjectsthatorbitit.Theseincludetheeightplanets（andprobablymorethaneight）andtheirmoons,aswellasasteroids,comets,andmeteors.

Someexamplesofthecreationstories.

1ThestoryofHopipeople:

TheFourCreations.

2FromChina:

ThestoryofPanGu

3TheJewish/Christian/Muslimstory

IsaacNewton

AlbertEinstein

StephenHawking

Idea

Largebodieshaveaforcewhichpullsthingstowardsthem.

Inspacelargeobjectsmakespaceandtimebend；Thelargertheobjectis,thefurtherspaceandtimebend.

Blackholeshaveaverylargemassandpullthingstowardsthem.

Development

Thebiggertheobjectis,thestrongerthegravity.

Timegoesslowerinverystronggravity.

Ifyougoovertheedge,youcannotgetout;butifyoudonot,youmaybeabletoescape.

Instructions（提示）:

Pleasepayattentionto….

Pleasecheckthat….

Pleaselookat…..

Makesurethat….

Don`tforgetthat…..

Watchoutfor….

Youneed….

Youhadbetter…..

Thefirstperiod:

WarmingupandReading

Importantpoints:

letthestudentsreadthepassageandlearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearthbyusingdifferentreadingskillstounderstandimpliedmeaningoftheauthor.

Difficultpoints:

enablethestudentstounderstandthepassageandknowthedevelopmentoftheearthbyusingdifferentreadingskills.

Knowledgeaims:

learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart:

astronomy,,system,religion,theory,atom,billion,globe,violent,carbon,atmosphere,unlike,fundamental,armful,acid,chain,multiply,oxygen,exist,dioxide,puzzle,solarsystem,intime,layeggs,givebirthto,inone`sturn,carbondioxide,prevent….from

Step1Presentation

1.Haveafreetalkwithstudentsbylettingthembrainstormthefollowingquestions:

Whoareourancestors?

Doyouknowwhatitwaslikebeforelifeappearedontheearth?

Doyouknowhowlifebeganontheearth?

Doyouwanttogetmoreinformation?

2.Tellthem:

todaywewilllearnsomethingabouthowlifebeganontheearth.Turntopage25.let`scometoWarmingup.

Step2Warmingup

1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Theyare:

Uranus天王星,Venus金星,Earth地球,Mars火星,Mercury水星,Jupiter木星,Neptune海王星,Saturn土星.

2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?

Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?

Step3Pre-reading

1.Firstgetstudentstodiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners:

Theoriginoflifeonearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomers.Doyouknowaboutit?

Eachreligionandculturehasitsownideaabouthowlifebeganonearth.Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?

2.Getthemtotelltheirstories.Encouragethemtotelldifferentstories.

3.Getthemreadthetitleandpredictwhatthereadingwillbeabout.

Step4Reading

1.Fastreading:

getthemreadthepassagequicklyandthenwritedownthemainideaforeachparagraphandthewholepassageinthefollowingchart.

Howlifebeganontheearth

Paragraph1

Awidelyacceptedtheoryabouttheformationoftheuniverse.

Paragraph2

Theformationoftheearth.

Paragraph3

TheImportanceofwaterforlife.

Paragraph4

Thedevelopmentofplantsandanimalsontheearth.

Paragraph5

Thearrivalofhumansandtheirimpactontheearth.

Thepassage

Abriefintroductiononhowtheuniversedevelopedandhowlifebeganontheearth.Itprovidesascientificbackgroundtoanyinvestigationintospaceanditisfactual.

2.Intensivereading:

allowthemseveralminutetoreadandgettheimportantdetails,thenfinishthefollowing.

Time

Events

Between4.5and3.8billionyearsago

Thedustsettledintoasolidglobe,whichwastheearth.

Theearthexplodedwithfireandrock.Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervaporandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth`satmosphere.Whentheearthcooleddown,waterappeared.WateralsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater.

Manymillionsofyearslater

Smallplants-begantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen.

Nextandlater

Plants

Greenplantsbegantogrowonland,whichwerefollowedbylandanimals.

Animals

Reptilesappearedandtheyproducetheyoungbylayingeggsandexistedontheearth.

Mammalsappearedontheearthwhichgavebirthtoyoungbabyanimalsandfedthemonmilk.

About2.6millionyearsago

Smallcleveranimalswithhandsandfeetappeared.Theyspreadallovertheearth.Thusthey,intheirturn,becamethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.

3.Puttheorderofdevelopmentoflifeintoatime-line.

1）.Insectsandamphibiansappeared.（H）

2）.Dinosaursappeared.（J）

3）.Theearthbecameasolidball.（C）

4）.Smallplantsgrewonthewater.（E）

5）.Reptilesappeared.（I）

6）.Plantsbegantogrowondrydust.（G）

7）.Waterappearedontheearth.（B）

8）.Shellfishandotherfishappeared.（D）

9）.Theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”.（F）

10）.Cleveranimalswithhandsandfeetappeared.（A）

11）.Mammalsappeared.（L）

12）.Theearthwasacloudofdust.（K）

4.Choosethebestanswerstothequestions:

1）.Whatisimportantforthebeginningoflife?

A.Thewaterontheearth.B.Theearth`satmosphere.

C.Theformofforests.D.Dissolvingharmfulgases.

2）.Whichofthefollowingappearedontheearthfirst?

A.InsectsB.ReptilesC.AmphibiansD.Shellfishandfish.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.waterstillexistsonMars

B.theearth`satmosphereismadeupofoxygenandnitrogen

C.theearthhaddissolvedtheharmfulatmosphereintotheoceanandseas.

D.Plantsprovideoxygentotheearth.

4）.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Theappearanceanddevelopmentoflifeontheearth.

B.Thebirthoftheearth.

C.Whydinosaursdiedout.

D.Thefactthathumanbeingcausedbeginsglobalwarming.

4.Readinganddiscussion:

1）.Whywastheearthdifferentfromtheotherplanets?

（Becausethewaterremainedontheearth.）

2）.Whydidtheplantsgrowbeforetheanimalscame?

（Becauseplantsprovideoxygenforanimalstobreathe.）

3）.Whyisitwrongtoshowfilmswithdinosaursandpeopletogether?

（Becausedinosaursdiedoutlongbeforehumanbeingsdevelopedontheearth.）

4）.Whatproblemiscausedbyhumanbeings?

（Humanbeingscausedglobalwarming.）

5.Explanations:

discussthefollowingimportantsentencesandphrases.

1）.Whatiswastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintosolidglobe.

2）.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.

3）.Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervaporandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth`satmosphere.

4）.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.

Suggestedanswers:

6.Readingaloudandunderstanding:

askthemtoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandletthempayattentiontothepronunciationofeachnewwordsandthepausewithineachsentenceandpickouttheusefulexpressionsandcollocations.

Ontheearth,accordingto,acloudofdust,so…that,whether…ornot,intime,watervapor,cooldown,onone`ssurface,allow…todosth.achainreaction,millionsof,onthesurfaceof,beableto,aswellas,bydoing….Layeggs,bedifferentfrom,givebirthto,spreadallovertheearth,inone`sturn,prevent…from,asaresultof,too…to,depend…on

7.填空

Exist,live,prevent….from,protect…from,multiply,develop,climate,weather

Onehundredandfortymillionyearsbeforehumansexisted,dinosaursruledtheearth.Theylivedforsolongontheearththattheydevelopedintomanydifferentspecies.Theyhadfewnaturalenemiesbesideseachother,soeachspecieshadtoprotecttheiryoungfr