高一英语阅读理解强化训练Day 38.docx

高一英语阅读理解强化训练Day 38.docx

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高一英语阅读理解强化训练Day38

高一英语阅读理解强化训练Day38

Passage1

Itishardlysurprisingthatclothingmanufacturers（生产商）followcertainuniformstandardsforvariousfeatures（特征）ofclothes.Whatseemsstrange,however,isthatthestandardadoptedforwomenistheoppositeoftheoneformen.Takealookatthewayyourclothesbutton.Men'sclothestendtobuttonfromtheright,andwomen'sfromtheleft.Consideringmostoftheworld'spopulation—menandwomen—areright-handed,themen'sstandardwouldappeartomakemoresenseforwomen.Sowhydowomen'sclothesbuttonfromtheleft?

Historyreallyseemstomatterhere.Buttonsfirstappearedonlyontheclothesoftherichinthe17thcentury,whenrichwomenweredressedbyservants.Forthemostlyright-handedservants,havingwomen'sshirtsbuttonfromtheleftwouldbeeasier.Ontheotherhand,havingmen'sshirtsbuttonfromtherightmadesense,too.Mostmendressedthemselves,andasworddrawnfromtheleftwiththerighthandwouldbelesslikelytogetcaughtintheshirt.

Todaywomenareseldomdressedbyservants,butbuttoningfromtheleftisstillthestandardforthem.Isitinteresting?

Actually,astandard,onceset,resistschange.Atatimewhenallwomen'sshirtsbuttonedfromtheleft,itwouldhavebeenriskyforanysinglemanufacturertoofferwomen'sshirtsthatbuttonedfromtheright.Afterall,womenhadgrownsousedtoshirtswhichbuttonedfromtheleftandwouldhavetodevelopnewhabitsandskillstoswitch.Besides,somewomenmighthavefounditsociallyawkwardtoappearinpublicwearingshirtsthatbuttonedfromtheright,sinceanyonewhonoticedthatwouldbelievetheywerewearingmen'sshirts.

1.Whatissurprisingaboutthestandardoftheclothingindustry?

________

A.Ithasbeenfollowedbytheindustryforover400years.

B.Itfailstoconsiderrighthandedpeople.

C.Itworksbetterwithmenthanwithwomen.

D.Itisdifferentformen'sclothingandwomen's.

2.Whatdoweknowabouttherichmeninthe17thcentury?

________

A.Theydrewtheirswordsfromtheleft.

B.Theywereinterestedinhistoricalmatters.

C.Theyweremostlydressedbyservants.

D.Theytendedtowearclotheswithoutbuttons.

3.Women'sclothesstillbuttonfromthelefttodaybecause________.

A.adoptingmen'sstyleisimproperforwomen

B.customsarehardtochange

C.modernwomendressthemselves

D.manufacturersshouldfollowstandards

4.Thepassageismainlydevelopedby________.

A.analyzingcauses

B.makingcomparisons

C.examiningdifferences

D.followingthetimeorder

Passage2

Youdon'thavetolookfartofindconcernsabouthowtechnologywillstealourjobs.It'sbeenwidelynoticedthatautomation（自动化）ismakingmachinesmorepowerfulandshorteningthelistofcurrentjobsthatonlyahumancando.

Overtheweekend,IreadMartinFord'snewbook,RiseoftheRobots,whichlooksathowfarmachineshavecome.Fordwarnsofacomingperfectstorminwhichmankindhastofightrisinginequality,unemploymentcausedbytechnology,andclimatechange.Hesaysfindingawayforwardmaybethegreatestchallengeofourtime.

Yes,robotsarecomingforourcurrentjobs,andthat'sanissue.Butwhat'sespeciallyinterestingistheplacewhereFordsayswereallyneedtogetsomerobots—healthcare.

Fordgivesustheexplosionofhealth-carecosts.In1960,healthcarewaslessthan6percentoftheU.S.economy.Thatincreasedthreetimesby2013.TheUnitedStatesspendsaboutdoublewhatmostindustrializedcountriesspendonhealthcare.

"Thedanger,isnottoomanyhealthcarerobotsbuttoofew,"Fordwrites."Technologyhasaffectedotheremploymentareas.Itisproducinginequalityandunemployment,aswellasfallingincomesformostworkersinotherindustries.Iftechnologycan'timprovethehealth-carearea,manypeoplewillbeunabletoaffordhealthcare."

Takeagloballookatthisanditbecomesmoreacceptabletowelcomethemachines,andtoacceptthatsomejobsshoulddisappear.Ifmachinesmakehealthcarecheaper,thenmorehumansaroundtheworldwillbeabletoaffordit.Thehealthofhumansworldwidewouldbenefit.

Besides,we'veseenworkersturntootherjobsinthepast.AsFordsays,nearlyhalfofU.S.workerswereemployedonfarmsinthelate1800s.Whenthosejobsdisappeared,newoneswerefound.

Fordisn'taloneinhighlightingourdifficultsituationhere.VenturecapitalistMarcAndreessenrecentlytouchedonitwithFortune'sDanPrimack.

"Everybodycomplains,'Oh,myGod,robotsaregoingtokillallthejobsandthisisgoingtobeterribleandweneedlesstechnologybecauseofthat.'Butthenatthesametimeeverybodycomplains,'Oh,myGod,lookattherisingcostofhealthcare,'"AndreessentoldPrimack,"Ifyouwanttobringdownthepricesofhealthcareandeducation,theanswerwillbemoretechnology."

1.Toofewhealthcarerobotswillleadto________.

A.unaffordablehealthcare

B.morepeopleoutofwork

C.incomedecreases

D.unequalsocialstatus

2.Theexampleoffarmsinthelate1800sinParagraph7showsthat________.

A.technologycanhelpbringdownhealthcarecosts

B.thereisnoneedtoworryaboutjobloss

C.Americanworkerscouldfindnewjobseasily

D.machineswillcauseworkerstolosejobs

3.Whatdoesthe"difficultsituation"（Para8）referto?

________

A.Howtopreventrobotsstealingjobs.

B.Howtoreducehealthcarecosts.

C.Howtoapplytechnologyinhealthcare.

D.Howtobalancehealthcarecostsandemployment.

4.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.

A.declaretheimportanceofintroducingrobotsintohealthcare

B.argueagainstrisinghealthcarecosts

C.raisesomeconcernsabouttechnology

D.warnpeopleofthedangersofhealthcarerobots

Passage3

Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.

Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.

Thoughthebeliefintheadvantageofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:

clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?

Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist（免疫学家）,encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.

1.ThekingsofFranceandEnglandinthe16thcenturyclosedbathhousesbecause________.

A.theylivedhealthilyinadirtyenvironment

B.theythoughtbathhousesweretoodirtytostayin

C.theybelieveddiseasecouldbespreadinpublicbaths

D.theyconsideredbathingasthecauseofskindisease

2.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHenryIV'sattitudetobathing?

________

A.AfraidB.Satisfied

C.SupportiveD.Uninterested

3.Howdoesthepassagemainlydevelop?

________

A.Byprovidingexamples.

B.Bymakingcomparisons.

C.Byfollowingtheorderoftime.

D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.

4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

________

A.Tostresstheroleofdirt.

B.Tointroducethehistoryofdirt.

C.Tocallattentiontothedangerofdirt.

D.Topresentthechangeofviewsondirt.

Passage4

Storiesandmoviesoftenmakebatsintoscarycreaturesthatattackinthedarkofnight.Inreallife,however,mostbatsareharmless.Afewareevenhelpfultohumans.

Over800speciesortypesofbatsfeastontroublesomeinsectsthatdamagecropsorspreaddisease.Another400orsobatspecieseatripefruit.Thesebatsareveryusefulbecausetheypollinate（授粉）flowersanddisperse（分散）seeds.Therearealsoafewspeciesoflargerbatsthathuntsmallanimalslikemice,fish,andfrogs.Averyfewevendrinkblood.

Theblooddrinkersarethethreespeciesofvampirebats.However,thevampirebatdoesn’tsuckblood.Instead,itmakesawoundwithitssharpteethandthenlapstheblooduplikeakitty.Theanimalvictimusuallysleepsthroughtheentireprocess.Whileattacksonhumanshaveoccurred,thebats’commontargetsarelivestockandotheranimals.Interestingly,thevampirebatmaybecomeusefultohumans.Yousee,achemicalinthebat’ssaliva（唾液）thinsbloodanddissolvesbloodclots（血栓）.Studiesindicatethiscouldbeagreataidintreatingpeoplewithstrokes.Inthefuture,medicinemaybemadefromvampirebats’saliva.

Somepeoplethinkbatsarebirds,butthey’renot.Theyhavefur,notfeathers.Andtheirbabiesdonothatchfromeggs;they’rebornalive.Also,batshavemouthsandnoses;birdshavebeaks.ScientistsputtheminaspecialmammalgroupcalledChiroptera.

1.Mostspeciesofbatseat________.

A.ripefruitB.micea