Oracle管理与维护常用SQL语句汇总.docx
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Oracle管理与维护常用SQL语句汇总
Oracle管理与维护常用SQL语句汇总
1、查看表空间的名称及大小2
2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小2
3、查看回滚段名称及大小2
4、查看控制文件2
5、查看日志文件2
6、查看表空间的使用情况2
7、查看数据库库对象3
8、查看数据库的版本3
9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式3
10、如何远程判断Oracle数据库的安装平台3
11、查看数据表的参数信息3
12、查看还没提交的事务3
14、回滚段查看3
15、捕捉运行很久的4
16。
查看数据表的参数信息4
17。
查找object为哪些进程所用4
18。
耗资源的进程(topsession)5
19。
查看锁(lock)情况5
20。
查看等待(wait)情况6
21。
查看sga情况6
23。
查看V$SQLAREA7
24。
查看object分类数量7
26。
有关connection的相关信息8
27.查询表空间使用情况9
28.查询表空间的碎片程度10
29。
查询有哪些数据库实例在运行10
30.查找oracle性能瓶颈sql10
31.找出最耗资源的sql11
如何远程判断Oracle数据库的安装平台
select*fromv$version;
查看表空间的使用情况
selectsum(bytes)/(1024*1024)asfree_space,tablespace_name
fromdba_free_space
groupbytablespace_name;
SELECTA.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTESTOTAL,B.BYTESUSED,C.BYTESFREE,
(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES"%USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES"%FREE"
FROMSYS.SM$TS_AVAILA,SYS.SM$TS_USEDB,SYS.SM$TS_FREEC
WHEREA.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAMEANDA.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
1、查看表空间的名称及大小
selectt.tablespace_name,round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0)ts_size
fromdba_tablespacest,dba_data_filesd
wheret.tablespace_name=d.tablespace_name
groupbyt.tablespace_name;
2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小
selecttablespace_name,file_id,file_name,
round(bytes/(1024*1024),0)total_space
fromdba_data_files
orderbytablespace_name;
3、查看回滚段名称及大小
selectsegment_name,tablespace_name,r.status,
(initial_extent/1024)InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024)NextExtent,
max_extents,v.curextCurExtent
Fromdba_rollback_segsr,v$rollstatv
Wherer.segment_id=v.usn(+)
orderbysegment_name;
4、查看控制文件
selectnamefromv$controlfile;
5、查看日志文件
selectmemberfromv$logfile;
6、查看表空间的使用情况
selectsum(bytes)/(1024*1024)asfree_space,tablespace_name
fromdba_free_space
groupbytablespace_name;
SELECTA.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTESTOTAL,B.BYTESUSED,C.BYTESFREE,
(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES"%USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES"%FREE"
FROMSYS.SM$TS_AVAILA,SYS.SM$TS_USEDB,SYS.SM$TS_FREEC
WHEREA.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAMEANDA.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
7、查看数据库库对象
selectowner,object_type,status,count(*)count#fromall_objectsgroupbyowner,object_type,status;
8、查看数据库的版本
SelectversionFROMProduct_component_version
WhereSUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle';
9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式
SelectCreated,Log_Mode,Log_ModeFromV$Database;
10、如何远程判断Oracle数据库的安装平台
select*fromv$version;
11、查看数据表的参数信息
SELECTpartition_name,high_value,high_value_length,tablespace_name,
pct_free,pct_used,ini_trans,max_trans,initial_extent,
next_extent,min_extent,max_extent,pct_increase,FREELISTS,
freelist_groups,LOGGING,BUFFER_POOL,num_rows,blocks,
empty_blocks,avg_space,chain_cnt,avg_row_len,sample_size,
last_analyzed
FROMdba_tab_partitions
--WHEREtable_name=:
tnameANDtable_owner=:
towner
ORDERBYpartition_position
12、查看还没提交的事务
select*fromv$locked_object;
select*fromv$transaction;
14、回滚段查看
selectrownum,sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_nameName,v$rollstat.extents
Extents,v$rollstat.rssizeSize_in_Bytes,v$rollstat.xactsXActs,
v$rollstat.getsGets,v$rollstat.waitsWaits,v$rollstat.writesWrites,
sys.dba_rollback_segs.statusstatusfromv$rollstat,sys.dba_rollback_segs,
v$rollnamewherev$rollname.name(+)=sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_nameand
v$rollstat.usn(+)=v$rollname.usnorderbyrownum
15、捕捉运行很久的SQL
columnusernameformata12
columnopnameformata16
columnprogressformata8
selectusername,sid,opname,
round(sofar*100/totalwork,0)||'%'asprogress,
time_remaining,sql_text
fromv$session_longops,v$sql
wheretime_remaining<>0
andsql_address=address
andsql_hash_value=hash_value
/
16。
查看数据表的参数信息
SELECT partition_name,high_value,high_value_length,tablespace_name,
pct_free,pct_used,ini_trans,max_trans,initial_extent,
next_extent,min_extent,max_extent,pct_increase,FREELISTS,
freelist_groups,LOGGING,BUFFER_POOL,num_rows,blocks,
empty_blocks,avg_space,chain_cnt,avg_row_len,sample_size,
last_analyzed
FROMdba_tab_partitions
--WHEREtable_name=:
tnameANDtable_owner=:
towner
ORDERBYpartition_position
17。
查找object为哪些进程所用
select
p.spid,
s.sid,
s.serial#serial_num,
s.usernameuser_name,
a.type object_type,
s.osuseros_user_name,
a.owner,
a.objectobject_name,
decode(sign(48-command),
1,
to_char(command),'ActionCode#'||to_char(command))action,
p.programoracle_process,
s.terminalterminal,
s.programprogram,
s.statussession_status
fromv$sessions,v$accessa,v$processp
wheres.paddr=p.addrand
s.type='USER'and
a.sid=s.sid and
a.object='SUBSCRIBER_ATTR'
orderbys.username,s.osuser
18。
耗资源的进程(topsession)
selects.schemanameschema_name, decode(sign(48-command),1,
to_char(command),'ActionCode#'||to_char(command))action, status
session_status, s.osuseros_user_name, s.sid, p.spid, s.serial#serial_num,
nvl(s.username,'[Oracleprocess]')user_name, s.terminalterminal,
s.programprogram, st.valuecriteria_value fromv$sesstatst, v$sessions ,v$processp
wherest.sid=s.sidand st.statistic#=to_number('38')and ('ALL'='ALL'
ors.status='ALL')andp.addr=s.paddrorderbyst.valuedesc, p.spidasc,s.usernameasc,s.osuserasc
19。
查看锁(lock)情况
select/*+RULE*/ls.osuseros_user_name, ls.usernameuser_name,
decode(ls.type,'RW','Rowwaitenqueuelock','TM','DMLenqueuelock','TX',
'Transactionenqueuelock','UL','Usersuppliedlock')lock_type,
o.object_nameobject, decode(ls.lmode,1,null,2,'RowShare',3,
'RowExclusive',4,'Share',5,'ShareRowExclusive',6,'Exclusive',null)
lock_mode, o.owner, ls.sid, ls.serial#serial_num, ls.id1, ls.id2
fromsys.dba_objectso,( selects.osuser, s.username, l.type,
l.lmode, s.sid, s.serial#, l.id1, l.id2 fromv$sessions,
v$lockl wheres.sid=l.sid)ls whereo.object_id=ls.id1and o.owner
<>'SYS' orderbyo.owner,o.object_name
根据sid查是哪台电脑的链接
columnosuserformata15
columnusernameformata10
columnmachineformata30
selectosuser,machine,username,sid,serial#fromv$sessionwheresid='128';
根据sid查对应的sql
selectSID,SQL_TEXTfromv$open_cursorwhereSID='128';
20。
查看等待(wait)情况
SELECTv$waitstat.class,v$waitstat.countcount,SUM(v$sysstat.value)sum_value
FROMv$waitstat,v$sysstatWHEREv$sysstat.nameIN('dbblockgets',
'consistentgets')groupbyv$waitstat.class,v$waitstat.count
21。
查看sga情况
SELECTNAME,BYTESFROMSYS.V_$SGASTATORDERBYNAMEASC
22。
查看catchedobject
SELECTowner, name, db_link, namespace,
type, sharable_mem, loads, executions,
locks, pins, kept FROMv$db_object_cache
23。
查看V$SQLAREA
SELECTSQL_TEXT,SHARABLE_MEM,PERSISTENT_MEM,RUNTIME_MEM,SORTS,
VERSION_COUNT,LOADED_VERSIONS,OPEN_VERSIONS,USERS_OPENING,EXECUTIONS,
USERS_EXECUTING,LOADS,FIRST_LOAD_TIME,INVALIDATIONS,PARSE_CALLS,DISK_READS,
BUFFER_GETS,ROWS_PROCESSEDFROMV$SQLAREA
24。
查看object分类数量
selectdecode(o.type#,1,'INDEX',2,'TABLE',3,'CLUSTER',4,'VIEW',5,
'SYNONYM',6,'SEQUENCE','OTHER')object_type,count(*)quantityfrom
sys.obj$owhereo.type#>1groupbydecode(o.type#,1,'INDEX',2,'TABLE',3
'CLUSTER',4,'VIEW',5,'SYNONYM',6,'SEQUENCE','OTHER')unionselect
'COLUMN',count(*)fromsys.col$unionselect'DBLINK',count(*)from
25。
按用户查看object种类
selectu.nameschema, sum(decode(o.type#,1,1,NULL))indexes,
sum(decode(o.type#,2,1,NULL))tables, sum(decode(o.type#,3,1,NULL))
clusters, sum(decode(o.type#,4,1,NULL))views, sum(decode(o.type#,5,1,
NULL))synonyms, sum(decode(o.type#,6,1,NULL))sequences,
sum(decode(o.type#,1,NULL,2,NULL,3,NULL,4,NULL,5,NULL,6,NULL,1))
others fromsys.obj$o,sys.user$u whereo.type#>=1and u.user#=
o.owner#and u.name<>'PUBLIC' groupbyu.name orderby
sys.link$unionselect'CONSTRAINT',count(*)fromsys.con$
26。
有关connection的相关信息
1)查看有哪些用户连接
selects.osuseros_user_name, decode(sign(48-command),1,to_char(command),
'ActionCode#'||to_char(command))action, p.programoracle_process,
statussession_status, s.terminalterminal, s.programprogram,
s.usernameuser_name, s.fixed_table_sequenceactivity_meter, ''query,
0memory, 0max_memory, 0cpu_usage, s.sid, s.serial#serial_num
fromv$sessions, v$processp wheres.paddr=p.addrand s.type='USER'
orderbys.username,s.osuser
2)根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况
selectn.name,
v.value,
n.class,
n.statistic#
from v$statnamen,
v$sesstatv
wherev.sid=71and
v.statistic#=n.statistic#
orderbyn.class,n.statistic#
3)根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql
select/*+PUSH_SUBQ*/
command_type,
sql_text,
sharable_mem,
persistent_mem,
runtime_mem,
sorts,
version_count,
loaded_versions,
open_versions,
users_opening,
executions,
users_executing,
loads,
first_load_time,
invalidations,
parse_calls,
disk_reads,
buffer_gets,
rows_processed,
sysdatestart_time,
sysdatefinish_time,
'>'||addresssql_address,
'N'status
fromv$sqlarea
whereaddress=(selectsql_addressfromv$sessionwheresid=71)
27.查询表空间使用情况
selecta.tablespace_name"表空间名称",
100-round((nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/a.bytes_alloc)*100,2)"占用率(%)",
round(a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2)"容量(M)",
round(nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/1024/1024,2)"空闲(M)",
round((a.bytes_alloc-nvl(b.bytes_free,0))/1024/1024,2)"使用(M)",
Largest"最大扩展段(M)",
to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-ddhh24:
mi:
ss')"采样时间"
from (selectf.tablespace_name,
sum(f.bytes)bytes_alloc,
sum(decode(f.autoextensible,'YES',f.maxbytes,'NO',f.bytes))maxbytes
fromd