Unit 1基础英语.docx
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Unit1基础英语
1.Exercises
True(T)orFalse(F)?
1.Thewriterthoughtthatthelikelihoodofhimgettingthejobwasnotgreatthoughhewasyoungandeagertodosomethinguseful.
T
2.Theheadmasterlikedtheyoungmanatfirstsight.
F
Theheadmasterdidnotliketheyoungmanwhenhewentforaninterview.Helookedathimwithsurpriseddisapprovaland,insteadofshowingwelcometotheyoungman,hejustgrunted,whichwasanexpressionofirritationanddispleasure
3.Theheadmastersaweyetoeyewiththewriterasfaraschildren’sgameswereconcerned.
F
Theydidnotthinkalike.Totheheadmaster,gamesplayedanessentialroleinaboy’seducationbutthewriterdidnotconsidergamestohavesomuchimportancetotheboys.
4.Thewriterwasnothappyabouthishavingtoteachalgebraandgeometry,buthedidnotmindhavingtowalkamilealongthedustyroadtothePark.
T
5.Theyoungmanwassatisfiedwiththesalaryhewouldget.
F
Theyoungmanwouldonlygettwelvepoundsaweekincludinglunch,whichwasbynomeansgoodpay.Ofcoursethewriterwasnotsatisfied.However,beforehecouldsayanythingaboutthepoorpay,theheadmasterhadstoodupandaskedtheyoungmantomeethiswife.
6.Thewriterdidnotfeelunhappyattheideaofworkingundertheheadmaster’swife.
F
Thewriterthoughtitwassomethinghecouldhardlybear.Tohim,forayoungmantoworkunderawomanwouldbeshamefulandwouldresultinalossofdignityandself-respect.
Explainthefollowinginyourownwords.
1.Beingveryshortofmoneyandwantingtodosomethinguseful,Iapplied,fearingasIdidso,thatwithoutadegreeandwithnoexperienceofteachingmychancesoflandingthejobwereslim.
BecauseIwasinbadneedofmoneyandwaseagertodosomethingofuse,Iappliedforthejob.ButatthesametimethatIdidso,IwasafraidthatthepossibilityformetogetthejobwasverysmallbecauseIdidn’thaveauniversitydegree,nordidIhaveanyteachingexperience.
2....threedayslateraletterarrived,summoningmetoCroydonforaninterview.
…threedayslaterIreceivedaletter,askingmetogotoCroydontohaveaninterview.
3.Helookedatmewithanairofsurpriseddisapproval,asacolonelmightlookataprivatewhosebootlaceswereundone.
Hecastalookatmewiththesamesurpriseanddislikeasacolonelwouldlookatasoldierwhenhisbootlacescameloose.
4.TheheadmasterandIobviouslyhadsingularlylittleincommon.
ApparentlytheheadmasterandIhadnosimilarinterestsorbeliefs.
5.Theteachingset-upappalledme.
Thewayteachingwasorganizedfilledmewithterror(or,Iwasshockedattheteachingarrangements).
6.Ishouldhavetosplittheclassupintothreegroupsandteachtheminturnatthreedifferentlevels.
Ishouldhavetodividetheclassintothreegroupsofthreedifferentlevelsandteachthemoneafteranother.
7.ItwasnotsomuchhavingtotrampamilealongthedustystreetsofCroydon,followedbyacrocodileofsmallboysthatIminded,butthefactthatmostofmyfriendswouldbeenjoyingleisureatthattime.
IfelttroublednotbecauseIhadtowalkforamilealongthedustystreetsofCroydon,followedbyagroupofboys,butbecauseatthattimemostofmyfriendswouldbehavingagoodtimeandrelaxing.
8.Theprospectofworkingunderawomanconstitutedtheultimateindignity.
ThefactthatIwouldhavetoworkunderawomaninfuturemademefeeltotallyhumiliated.
TextII
Comprehension
True(T)orFalse(F)
1.Mostpeoplethinkthatajobinterviewisaterribleexperience.
Key:
T
2.You’reoftengivenareasonifyou’renothiredafteraninterview.
Key:
F
Ifyoudon’tgetthejob,you’rerarelygivenanyreasonwhy.
3.Youshouldneitherwearcasualstudentclothingnoroverdressyourselfwhengoingtoaninterview.
Key:
T
4.Todemonstrateyourabilitytobepolitelysociable,youshouldinitiatesmalltalkbeforegettingdowntobusiness.
Key:
F
Youshouldfollowtheinterviewer’sleadandshouldnotinitiateanysmalltalkordragitout.
5.Youshouldbefrankandlistallyourflawstotheinterviewer.
Key:
F
You’llcomeacrossasmorebelievableifyouadmitaflaw–butmakeitonethatanemployermightactuallylike.
6.Athank-younoteshortlyaftertheinterviewisonemorechancetohelpyoumakeagoodimpression.
Key:
T
1.Role-play
AnInterview
Situation:
Mr.Black,managerofaninvestmentcompany,isinurgentneedofasecretary.HeisnowinterviewingMary,whohasappliedforthispost.
Samplerolecards:
Black:
Youaremanagerofaninvestmentcompanyandyouareinurgentneedofanefficientsecretary.She/Hemustbegoodatshorthandandabletotypeatleast60wordsaminute.She/Hemustknowatleasttwoforeignlanguagesandhaveoverthreeyears’experienceasasecretary.YouarenowinterviewingMary.Astheinterviewgoeson,youfindthatsheisunqualifiedforthepost.
Mary:
Youareeagertogetajob.YouappliedforthepositionofasecretaryataninvestmentcompanyandyouarenowbeinginterviewedbyMr.Black,themanager.Youarequiteinterestedinthisjobbecauseyoulikedoingsecretarialwork.Youhavebeenatypistfortwoyears,buthaveneverlearnedshorthand.Frenchistheonlyforeignlanguageyouknow.Youhaveneverbeensecretarybefore,butyouarewillingtolearn.Intheend,yourealizethatyouarenottherightpersonforthepost.
Sentenceframesthatmightbeusedbyaninterviewer:
CanIhave...?
Couldyoutellus...?
Haveyouanyexperiencein...?
Doyouknowhowto...?
Howlong…?
2.InteractionActivities
MakingPreparationsforanInterview
Youarethinkingofgainingsomeexperiencebyworkingasatouristguide.Nextweek,youaregoingtobeinterviewedbyMr.Patterson,headofatravelagency.
1.Inordertomakeagoodimpressionontheinterviewer,discusswithyourpartnerthefollowingquestions:
1)Whatshould/shouldn’tyouwear?
Why/whynot?
2)Howshould/shouldn’tyoubehave?
Why/whynot?
2.Tobefullyprepared,discusswithyourpartnerwhatquestionstheinterviewerislikelytoaskandhowyoucanbestanswerthequestions.
Whattheinterviewerisinterestedinmayinclude:
familybackgroundeducationalbackground
workexperiencesparetimeinterests
Afteryourdiscussion,eitheryouoryourpartnerwilltellthewholeclasshowtogetpreparedforaninterview.
1.Suggestions:
Desirable
Undesirable
1)clothes
suit
jacketandskirt/trousers
quietcolours
conventionalcut
T-shirt
bluejeans
flaredtrousers
loudcolours
extremelyfashionablecut
2)mannersandbehaviour
calm
polite
attentive
tootalkative
toolively
tooexcited
2.Detailsthattheinterviewerisinterestedin:
certificateofeducation/diploma/degrees/majorfieldofstudy
foreignlanguages
workexperienceasaninterpreter/aclerk/asecretary/atouristguide
likesanddislikes
personalstatus(singleormarried)/children
GuidedWriting
1.PrécisWriting
2.ParagraphWriting
1.PrécisWriting
A.Guidelinesforwritingaprécis:
1.Readtheoriginaltextcarefully;and,ifnecessary,readitseveraltimes.Searchforthemainidea(s).
2.Writedownwhatareconsideredtobethekeywordsandphrases.
3.Determinewhichpartsofthetextareessentialandwhichsupplynon-essentialsupplementaryinformation.
4.Discardthosepointsthatareconsideredredundant.
5.Basetheprécisonthenotesandthepréciswriter’sowninterpretationofthemainidea(s).
B.AprécisofMyFirstJob
1.Choosetheopeningsentencefromamongthefollowing:
1)IwenttoCroydonforaninterview.
2)IappliedformyfirstjobbeforeIentereduniversitybecauseIwasshortofmoney.
3)IwasveryyoungwhenIgotmyfirstjob.
2.MyFirstJobwasanunpleasantexperienceofthewriter’s.First,itwasthefirsttimeforhimtogetajob;second,heneededthemoney.So,fromthebeginningtotheend,everythingwasunpleasant.Tointensifythealreadyunpleasantatmosphere,alittledescriptionofthedismalsurroundings,thebleakschoolhouse,andthedisagreeableheadmasterareneeded.
C.Thereferenceversion
IappliedformyfirstjobbeforeIentereduniversitybecauseIwasshortofmoney.TheschoolwhereIappliedforajobwastenmilesawayfromwhereIlivedandIwasnotsureifIcouldgetthejob.However,afteraterriblejourneyIwassodepressedthatInolongerfeltnervous.TheVictorianschoolhousestoodamidfumesanddustbyabusymainroad.Theheadmasterwasnotatallscholarly,neitherwastheinsideofthehouseacademiclooking.ByandbyIdiscoveredthattheheadmasterandIhadverylittleincommon.Hewantedmetoteachtwenty-fourboysfromseventothirteenwhoweretobesplitupintothreelevels.IhadtoteacheverythingincludingthesubjectsIabhorred.Furthermore,IhadtoworkonSaturdaystoo.Thepaywaslow.Totopitall,Ihadtoworkunderawoman,theheadmaster’swife,whowastherealmanageroftheschool.
2.ParagraphWriting
Foryourreference
Theincidentsinanarrativeareusuallytoldintheorderinwhichtheyoccurred.Therefore,the
sentenceInevermetAuntHelenuntilthedaywhenMothersentmeoverwithathermosflask
ofchickensoupservesasthetopicsentence,andthefollowingarethedetails:
-thepurposeofgoingthere
-thedescriptionofAuntHelen
-thepleasantatmosphere
-thewriter’simpression
Allthesedetailsadheretothetopicsentencetomaketheparagraphcomplete.
ComprehensiveExercises
ExerciseI
1.Spelling
2.Dictation
3.ListeningComprehension
4.Translation
5.SentenceRewriting
ExerciseII
ExerciseIII
ExerciseI
1.Spelling
1.advertise2.suburb3.range4.interview
5.quarter6.depress