高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 83.docx

高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 83.docx

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高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day83

高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day83

Passage1

GrowingupinruralMalawi,Africa,WilliamKamkwambalearnedtoacceptthatlifewashard.Helivedwithhisparentsandsevensistersinasmallclayhousewithoutelectricityorrunningwater.Likemostboysinhisvillage,Williamwasexceptedtoassisthisparentsonthefamilyfarm,aswellaskeepupwithhisschoolwork.Eachnight,likemostMalawians,hisfamilywenttobedearlybecausethekeroseneoiltheyneededtolightthelampswascostly.

Aterribledroughtin2000leftmanyMalawianshungry,andWilliam'sfamilywasnoexception.In2003attheageof13,Williamandmanyotherchildrenwasforcedtodropoutofschoolwhentheirparentscouldnolongeraffordhisschooling.Williamhadtoworkevenhardertohelphisfamily,buthewasn'treadytogiveuphiseducation.Hewenttothelocallibraryandtookoutsomebookstostudy.Onebook,calledUsingEnergy,sparkedWilliam'sinterestinscienceandgavehimanideathatsignificantlychangedhisfuture.

Inthebook,Williamfoundapictureofawindmill（风车）,andabriefdescriptionofhowitcouldbeusedtogenerateelectricityfromwind.Heknewthattherewasplentyofwindinhisvillage,andrealizedthatifhecouldbuildawindmilllikethat,hecouldgivehisfamilyandthepeopleinhisvillageamuchbetterlife.Therewasjustoneproblem.Thebookdidn'texplainhowtobuildawindmill,andneitherdidanyoftheotherbooksinthelibrary.

WhathappenedoverthenextyeardemonstratedWilliam'sincredibleambitionanddetermination.Hebegantocollectanykindsofmaterialshethoughtcouldbeuseful—scrapsofwood,brokenbicycles,oldshoes—startedtobuildawindmillnexttohisfamily'shouse.Heenduredmanychallengesandfailures.Otherpeopleinhisvillagecalledhimcrazyandsaidhisideawouldneverwork.Finally,attheageof14,Williamcompleteshisfirstwindmill.WhentheysawelectriclightsandheardthesoundofmusicontheradiocomingfromWilliam'shouse,thevillagepeoplecamerunning.Hehaddoneit.WilliamKamkwambahadfoundawaytocapturethewind.

Kamkwamba'sautobiography（自传）,TheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWind,tellsthestoryofhowtherestoftheworldcametoknowabouthisachievements.Withthehelpofinternationalsupporters,hisvillagenowhadcleanrunningwater,solarpoweredlighting,andelectricpower.Asaresultofhisactions,KamkwambawasinvitedtostudyengineeringatDartmouthCollege,oneofthetop-rankinguniversitiesintheU.S..Healsotravelstheworldandgivestalksabouthowhemadehisdreamareality.

1.Williamwenttothelocallibrarybecause________.

A.hewantedtofindsomematerialsforhisinvention

B.itwashisfavoritewaytokilltimeandrelax

C.hewantedtocontinuehiseducation

D.itwasbelievedtobeawaytochangehisfate

2.Paragraph3ismainlyabout________.

A.whythewindmillissoattractive.

B.howWilliamgotinspiredbyabook.

C.whyWilliamdecidedtocontinuehiseducation.

D.howawindmillworkstoproduceelectricity.

3.ThelivingconditionsinWilliam’svillagearemuchbetternowmainlybecause________.

A.Williamhashelpedbuildapowerstation

B.thevillagersaregreatlyencouragedbyWilliam

C.William’sautobiographyislocallypopular

D.ithasreceivedmuchoutsidehelp

4.Williamkamkwambacanbebestdescribedas________.

A.ambitiousanddetermined

B.honestandforgiving

C.braveandpatient

D.reasonableandhumorous

5.Whatisthemessageconveyedinthepassage？

________

A.Weshouldstrikewhiletheironishot

B.Agoodbeginningmakesgoodend．

C.Onewholiveshisdreamcanmakeadifference

D.You’dbetternotpullalltheeggsinonebasket．

Passage2

　　In1801,GiuseppePiazzidiscoveredanewobjectinthesky.Hethoughtitwasanundiscoveredcomet.Afterfurtherobservation,herealizedthatitbehavedmorelikeasmallplanetthanacomet.PiazzinameditCeresaftertheSicilliangoddessofgrain.Ceresremainsthelargestknownasteroids（小行星）inthesky.Itmeansalmost600miles（1,000km）indiameter.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,severalhundredotherasteroidshadbeenidentified.

　　Tensofthousandsofasteroidshavesincebeendiscovered,withthousandsmorefoundeachyear.Asteroidsaremassesofrockandmetalthatorbit（绕轨道而行）thesunbetweenMarsandJupiter.TheydidnotformintoplanetsbecausetheperturbationsofJupiterkeptthemmovingtoofasttojointogether.ThetotalmassofalloftheasteroidsislessthanthesizeofEarth’smoon.

　　SomeoftheasteroidsmoveinorbitsoutsidethezonebetweenMarsandJupiter.AsteroidsthatcomerelativelyclosetoEarthareknownasnear-Earthasteroids（NEAs）.Scientistsestimatethatabout1,000oftheseasteroidsare0.6miles（1km）indiameter.Anasteroidofthiscolliding（碰撞）withEarthwouldbedisastrous.

　　ScientistshavefoundtwositeswheregiantasteroidsstruckEarthmillionsofyearsago.OneasteroidhitAntarcticaabout250millionyearsago.AnotherasteroidstruckMexico’sYucantanPeninsulaaround65millionyearsago,leavingahole112miles（180km）wideand1,000yards（915m）deep.Onetheoryblamestheextinctionofthedinosaursonthisasteroids’scollisionwithEarthandtheclimatechangethatresultedfromitsimpact.

　　Occasionally,smallasteroidsstrikeEarth.Thesecauselittledamage.Majorcollision,suchastheonethatmayhavekilledthedinosaurs,occurrarely--perhapsonlyonceevery100millionyears.

　　Althoughthechanceofanasteroidstrikingtheplanetanytimesoonissmall,scientistscontinuetostudytheorbitsofasteroidsinthesky.TheypayparticularlycloseattentiontotheasteroidswhosepathsareclosetoEarth,andhaveevenlandedaspacecraftonanNEAnamedEros.Theirworkhelpsthemlearnabouttheformationofthesolarsystem.Itmayevenhelpthemdiscoverwaystoavoidanasteroiddisasterinthefuture.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueaboutasteroids?

________

A.Asteroidsarecomposedofrockandmetal.

B.AsteroidsorbitthesunbetweenMarsandJupiter.

C.Largenear-EarthasteroidsaresuretostrikeEarth.

D.AlargeasteroidcollidingwithEarthwouldcauseadisaster.

2.Theword“perturbations”（paragraph2）isclosestinmeaningto“________”.

A.Formationofrocks

B.Disturbanceofmotion

C.Estimationofscientists

D.Influencesofsize

3.Whatscientistshavefoundimpliesthat________

A.twositesofEarthhitgiantasteroidsmillionsofyearsago

B.Antarcticawasoncestruckbyanasteroidmillionsofyearsago

C.oneasteroidleftahugeholeinMexico250millionyearsago

D.theextinctionofdinosaursresultedinasteroid’scollisionwithEarth

4.Whichofthefollowingeventshappenedthirdaccordingtothepassage?

________

A.GiuseppePiazzidiscoveredanewobjectandnameitCeres.

B.ScientistshadaspacecraftlandonErostolearnmoreaboutthesolarsystem.

C.Asteroidsorbitingthesunfailedtoformintoplanets.

D.Severalhundredasteroidshadbeenidentifiedbytheendofthenineteenthcentury.

Passage3

　　Whenabigboat,likeacruiseship,goesthroughtheocean,itoftencreateswaves.Thishappenswhenthelargeenginesonthebackofthecruiseshipcausethewaterontheocean’ssurfacemoveupanddownviolently.Thesewavesmoveoutfromtheboatinbothdirections.Ifyouarecaptainingasmallerboat,you’dbettersteerclearofaship’swake,sothatyourboatisnotsurfingonthewaves,causingittooverturn.

　　Awaveisapatternofmotion.Whenyoulookatawave,itmayappearassimplywatermovingacrossthesurfaceoftheocean.Infact,thisisfalse.Thewaterisactuallynotmovinginthesamedirectionasthewave.Whilethewaveitself--thepatternofmotion–ismovingacrossthesurfaceoftheocean,thewaterisactuallymovinginacircularmotion,whichbringsthewatermoleculesbacktotheiroriginalposition.Thewatermerelygivestheappearanceofmovingforward.

　　Ifthisisconfusing,thinkofthekindofwaveyoudoatabaseballstadium.Viewedfromadistance,thewaveisclearlymovingacrossthestadium.Butthethingthatmakesupthewave–thepeople–arenotmovingacrossthestadium,they’rejustmovingupanddownintheirseats.Thisisjustlikethewaterinanoceanwave.Alotofwaterismovingupanddown,whichgiveswatertheappearanceofmovingalongwiththewave.

　　Surferspayalotofattentiontowaves.Ifyou’renotinanareawherethewavesaresuitableforsurfing,thenyoucan’tsurf.Usually,surfersgatherinareasknownforbigwaves–wavesthatrisehighofftheocean’ssurface.Ifthewaveisbigger,thenthesurferisoftenabletosurfforlongerdistancesandperformmoretricks.Theheightofawaveisknownasitsamplitude.Ifyoucouldmakeawavefreeze,thenyoucouldmeasurethewave’samplitudebyrunningatapemeasurefromtheocean’ssurfacetotheverypeakofthewave.

　　Allwavescanbemeasuredusingamplitudeandwavelength.Whilethewavescreatedbyaboathaveverysmallamplitude–sometimesassmallasafewcentimeters–thewavelengthcanbeveryshort,aslotsofwavesarebeinggenerated.Bycontrast,atsunamihasveryhighamplitude,sometimesmorethan100feet,butarelativelylongwavelength,asit’sahighwave.

　　Wavesgeneratedinthesamewaycanhavegreatdifferencesinamplitudeandwavelength.Forexample,thinkbacktothecruiseship.Whileeachshipcreateswavescausedbythemovementoftheboat,thepropertiesofeachofthewavesmaybeverydifferent.Forexample,alargercruiseship,withpowerfulengines,maycreateawavethathashighamplitudeandashortwavelength.However,iftheship’senginesslowdown,theymaythenstartcreatinglesspowerful