高校英语专业四级考试阅读理解与完形填空.docx
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高校英语专业四级考试阅读理解与完形填空
高校英语专业四级考试·阅读理解与完形填空
Test1
完形填空
(一)
宏观上处理好篇章与空格之间的关系
完形填空的测试目的是测试学生运用语言的综合能力。
完形填空的考试重点是上下文的联系
和短语结构的搭配关系。
由于考试时间紧,许多考生在回答这部分题的时候,往往不
顾整个篇章的结构、大意或文体,一开始就把注意力放在空格选项上,孤立地研究单个选项
,这就脱离了文章整体,答题的准确率也会大受影响。
因此,要做好这部分试题考生首先必须大体理解篇章的主要内容、逻辑关系,从而判断出作
者的意图及归纳或演绎的思路;另外,考生在答题之前,还要对文章的文体有所了解,这有
利于考生根据不同的文体对不同的或相近的选项做出正确的选择。
如文学材料、科普文章、
新闻报道等由于文体上的不同,它们在用词和句子结构上都有所不同。
请看下面例子:
Vitaminsareorganiccompoundsnecessaryinsmallamountsinthedietforthe
normalgrowthandmaintenanceoflifeofanimals,includingman.
Theydonotprovideenergy,___1___dotheyconstruc
torbuildanypartof
thebody.Theyareneededfor___2___foodsintoenergyandbodymaint
enance.
Therearethirteenormoreofthem,andif___3___ismissing,adefi
ciencydiseasebecomes___4___.
1.A.eitherB.soC.norD.never
2.A.shiftingB.transferring
C.alteringD.transforming
3.A.anyB.some
C.anythingD.something
4.A.seriousB.apparentC.severeD.fatal
通读全文后可知,这是一篇有关科普知识的短文,一般来说科普知识文章以客观陈
述为突出特点,用词比较正式,句子结构比较严密,因此在选择时要在宏观上考虑
到这些因素。
比如第四空,从科学常识可知,缺乏任何一种维生素都不至于使疾病
严重(serious)、致命(fatal),故应排除选项A和D。
severe(严厉的)不能用来修饰疾
病。
因此,选Bapparent既合乎句意,搭配又得当。
另外,完形填空的空格没有任何一个是孤立地存在的,必须把它们放在文章的
语言环境中进行逐个推敲,同时利用自己对各种材料描写、陈述内容的了解,作出正确选择。
PARTⅠ[15MIN.]
Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldcorrectlycompletethepassageif
insertedinthecorrespondingblanks.Markthecorrectchoiceforeachblankon
yourANSWERSHEET.
TheUnitedStatesiswellknownforitsnetworkofmajorhighwaysde
signedtohelpadrivergetfromoneplacetoanotherintheshortestpossiblet
ime.___1___thesewidemodernroadsaregenerally___2___
andwellmaintained,with___3___sharpcurvesandstraightsections,
adirectrouteisnotalwaysthemost___4___one.Largehighwaysoft
enpass___5___scenicareasandinterestingsmalltowns.Furthermore
thesehighwaysgenerally___6___largeurbancenters,whichmeanst
hattheybecomecrowdedwith___7___trafficduringrushhours,____8___the“fast,direct”routebecomesaveryslowroute.
However,thereisalmostalwaysanotherroutetotake___9___youare
notinahurry.Notfarfromthe___10___new“superhighways”,the
reareoftenolder,___11___heavilytraveledroadswhichgothrough
thecountryside.___12___ofthesearegoodtwolaneroads;othersa
reunevenroadscurvingthroughthecountry.Thesesecondaryroutesmaygoupst
eepslopes,alonghigh___13___,ordownfrighteninghillsidetotown
s___14___indeepvalleys.Throughtheselessdirectroutes,longer
andslower,theygenerallygotoplaces___15___theairiscleanand
sceneryisbeautiful,andthedrivermayhaveachancetogetafresh,cleanvi
ewoftheworld.
1.A.AlthoughB.SinceC.BecauseD.Therefore
2.A.stableB.splendidC.smoothD.complicated
3.A.littleB.fewC.muchD.many
4.A.terribleB.possibleC.enjoyableD.profitable
5.A.toB.intoC.overD.by
6.A.leadB.connectC.collectD.communicate
7.A.largeB.fastC.highD.heavy
8.A.whenB.forC.butD.that
9.A.unlessB.ifC.asD.since
10.A.relativelyB.regularlyC.respectivelyD.reasonably
11.A.andB.lessC.moreD.or
12.A.AllB.SeveralC.LotsD.Some
13.A.rocksB.cliffsC.roadsD.paths
14.A.lyingB.layingC.laidD.lied
15.A.thereB.whenC.whichD.where
PARTⅡ
[30MIN.]
SECTIONA[25MIN.]
Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyfifteenque
stionsorunfinis
hedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseth
eonethatyouthinkisthecorrectanswer.
MarkyourchoiceonyourANSWERSHEET.
TEXTA
Beforethemid1860’s,theimpactoftherailroadsintheUnitedState
swaslimited,inthesensethatthetracksendedatthisMissouriRiver,approx
imatelythecenterofthecountry.Atthepointthetrainsturnedtheirfreight,
mail,andpassengersovertosteamboats,wagons,andstagecoaches.Thismeantt
hatwagonfreighting,stagecoaching,andsteamboatingdidnotcometoanendwhe
nthefirsttrainappeared;rathertheybecamesupplementsorfeeders.Eachnew
“endoftrack”becameacenterforanimaldrawnorwaterbornetransportatio
n.Themajoreffectoftherailroadwastoshortenthedistancethathadtobec
overedbytheolder,slower,andmorecostlymeans.Wagonfreighterscontinuedo
peratingthroughoutthe1870’sand1880’sandintothe1890’s.Althoughovercon
stantlyshrinkingroutes,andcoachesandwagonscontinuedtocrisscrosstheWes
twherevertherailshadnotyetbeenlaid.Thebeginningofamajorchangewas
foreshadowedinthelater1860’s,whentheUnionPacificRailroadatlastbegan
tobuildwestwardfromtheCentralPlainscityofOmahatomeettheCentralPaci
ficRailroadadvancingeastwardfromCaliforniathroughtheformidablebarriero
fthe