建筑常用英文词汇.docx
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建筑常用英文词汇
A
designbasis
设计依据
计划建议书planningproposals
设计任务书designorder
标准规范standardsandcodes
条件图informationdrawing
设计基础资料basicdatafordesign
工艺流程图processflowchart
工程地质资料engineeringgeologicaldata
原始资料originaldata
设计进度scheduleofdesign
B
stageofdesign
设计阶段
方案scheme,draft
草图sketch
会谈纪要summaryofdiscussion
谈判negotiation
可行性研究feasibilitystudy
初步设计preliminarydesign
基础设计basicdesign
详细设计detaildesign
询价图enquirydrawing
施工图workingdrawing,constructiondrawing
竣工图asbuiltdrawing
C
climatecondition
气象条件
日照sunshine
风玫瑰windrose
主导风向prevailingwinddirection
最大(平均)风速maximum(mean)windvelocity
风荷载windload
最大(平均)降雨量maximum(mean)rainfall
雷击及闪电thunderandlightning
飓风hurricane
台风typhoon
旋风cyclone
降雨强度rainfallintensity
年降雨量annualrainfall
湿球温度wetbulbtemperature
干球温度drybulbtemperature
冰冻期frostperiod
冰冻线frostline
冰冻区frostzone
室外计算温度calculatingoutdoortemperature
采暖地区regionwithheatingprovision
不采暖地区regionwithoutheatingprovision
绝对大气压absoluteatmosphericpressure
相对湿度relativehumidity
D
generalroomname
常用房间名称
办公室office
服务用房serviceroom
换班室shiftroom
休息室restroom(breakroom)
起居室livingroom
浴室bathroom
淋浴间shower
更衣室lockerroom
厕所lavatory
门厅lobby
诊室clinic
工作间workshop
电气开关室switchroom
走廊corridor
档案室archive
电梯机房liftmotorroom
车库garage
清洁间cleaningroom
会议室(正式)conferenceroom
会议室meetingroom
衣柜间wardrobe
饭店restaurant
餐厅canteen,diningroom
厨房kitchen
入口entrance
接待处receptionarea
会计室accountantroom
秘书室secretaryroom
电气室electricalroom
控制室controlroom
工长室foremanoffice
开关柜室switchgear
前室antecabinet(ante.)
生产区productionarea
马达控制中心mcc
多功能用房utilityroom
化验室laboratoryroom
经理室managerroom
披屋(阁楼)penthouse
警卫室guardhouse
E
roofingandceiling
屋面及天棚
女儿墙parapet
雨蓬canopy
屋脊roofridge
坡度slope
坡跨比pitch
分水线water-shed
二毡三油2layersoffelt&3coatsofbitumastic
附加油毡一层extraplyoffelt
檐口eave
挑檐overhangingeave
檐沟eavegutter
平屋面flatroof
坡屋面pitchedroof
汇水面积catchmentarea
泛水flashing
内排水interiordrainage
外排水exteriordrainage
滴水drip
屋面排水roofdrainage
找平层levelingcourse
卷材屋面built-uproofing
天棚ceiling
檩条purlin
屋面板roofingboard
天花板ceilingboard
防水层water-proofcourse
检查孔inspectionhole
人孔manhole
吊顶suspendedceiling,falseceiling
檐板(窗帘盒)cornice
F
wall(cladding)
墙体
(外墙板)砖墙brickwall
砌块墙blockwall
清水砖墙brickwallwithoutplastering
抹灰墙renderedwall
石膏板墙gypsumboard,plasterboard
空心砖墙hollowbrickwall
承重墙bearingwall
非承重墙non-bearingwall
纵墙longitudinalwall
横墙transversewall
外墙external(exterior)wall
内墙internal(interior)wall
填充墙fillerwall
防火墙firewall
窗间墙wallbetweenwindow
空心墙cavitywall
压顶coping
圈梁gird,girt,girth
玻璃隔断glazedwall
遮阳板sunshade
阳台balcony
伸缩缝expansionjoint
沉降缝settlementjoint
抗震缝seismicjoint
复合夹心板sandwichboard
压型单板corrugatedsinglesteelplate
外墙板claddingpanel
复合板compositepanel
轻质隔断light-weightpartition
牛腿bracket
砖烟囱brickchimney
勒脚(基座)plinth
G
floorandtrench
地面及地沟
地坪grade
地面和楼面groundandfloor
素土夯实rammedearth
炉渣夯实tampedcinder
填土filledearth
回填土夯实tampedbackfill
垫层beddingcourse,blinding
面层covering,finish
结合层bonding(binding)course
找平层levelingcourse
素水泥浆结合层neatcementbindingcourse
混凝土地面concretefloor
水泥地面cementfloor
机器磨平混凝土地面machinetrowelledconcretefloor
水磨石地面terrazzoflooring
马赛克地面mosaicflooring
瓷砖地面ceramictileflooring
油地毡地面linoleumflooring
预制水磨石地面precastterrazzoflooring
硬木花地面hard-woodparquetflooring
搁栅joist
硬木毛地面hard-woodroughflooring
企口板地面tonguedandgroovedflooring
防酸地面acid-resistantfloor
钢筋混凝土楼板reinforcedconcreteslab(r.cslab)
乙烯基地面vinylflooring
水磨石嵌条dividerstripforterrazzo
地面做2%坡floorwith2%slope
集水沟gully
集水口gulley
排水沟drainagetrench
沟盖板trenchcover
活动盖板removablecoverplate
集水坑sumppit
孔翻边holeupstand
电缆沟cabletrench
H
doors,glass,windows&ironmongery(hardware)
门、玻璃、窗及五金件
木(钢)门wooden(steel)door
镶板门panelleddoor
夹板门plywooddoor
铝合金门aluminumalloydoor
卷帘门rollershutterdoor
弹簧门swingdoor
推拉门slidingdoor
平开门side-hungdoor
折叠门foldingdoor
旋转门revolvingdoor
玻璃门glazeddoor
密闭门air-tightdoor
保温门thermalinsulatingdoor
镀锌铁丝网门galvanizedsteelwiremeshdoor
防火门firedoor
(大门上的)小门wicket
门框doorframe
门扇doorleaf
门洞dooropening
结构开洞structuralopening
单扇门singledoor
双扇门doubledoor
疏散门emergencydoor
纱门screendoor
门槛doorsill
门过梁doorlintel
上冒头toprail
下冒头bottomrail
门边木stile
门樘侧料sidejumb
槽口notch
木窗woodenwindow
钢窗steelwindow
铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow
百叶窗(通风为主)sun-bind,louver(louver,shutter,blind)
塑钢窗plasticsteelwindow
空腹钢窗hollowsteelwindow
固定窗fixedwindow
平开窗side-hungwindow
推拉窗slidingwindow
气窗transom
上悬窗top-hungwindow
中悬窗center-pivotedwindow
下悬窗hopperwindow
活动百叶窗adjustablelouver
天窗skylight
老虎窗dormerwindow
密封双层玻璃sealeddoubleglazing
钢筋混凝土过梁reinforcedconcretelintel
钢筋砖过梁reinforcedbricklintel
窗扇casementsash
窗台windowsill
窗台板windowboard
窗中梃mullion
窗横木mutin
窗边木stile
压缝条covermould
窗帘盒curtainbox
合页(铰链)hinge(butts)
转轴pivot
长脚铰链parliamenthinge
闭门器doorcloser
地弹簧floorcloser
插销bolt
门锁doorlock
拉手pull
链条chain
门钩doorhanger
碰球balllatch
窗钩windowcatch
暗插销insertbolt
电动开关器electricopener
平板玻璃plateglass
夹丝玻璃wireglass
透明玻璃clearglass
毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃)groundglass(frostedglass)
防弹玻璃bullet-proofglass
石英玻璃quartzglass
吸热玻璃heatabsorbingglass
磨光玻璃polishedglass
着色玻璃pigmentedglass
玻璃瓦glasstile
玻璃砖glassblock
有机玻璃organicglass
I
staircase,landing&lift(elevator)
楼梯、休息平台及电梯
楼梯stair
楼梯间staircase
疏散梯emergencystair
旋转梯spiralstair(circularstair)
吊车梯craneladder
直爬梯verticalladder
踏步step
扇形踏步winder(wheelstep)
踏步板tread
档步板riser
踏步宽度treadwidth
防滑条non-slipinsert(strips)
栏杆railing(balustrade)
平台栏杆platformrailing
吊装孔栏杆railingaroundmountinghole
扶手handrail
梯段高度heightofflight
防护梯笼protectingcage(safetycage)
平台landing(platform)
操作平台operatingplatform
装卸平台platformforloading&unloading
楼梯平台stairlanding
客梯passengerlift
货梯goodslift
客/货两用梯goods/passengerlift
液压电梯hydrauliclift
自动扶梯escalator
观光电梯observationelevator
电梯机房liftmortarroom
电梯坑liftpit
电梯井道liftshaft
J
buildingmaterialwordsandphrases
建筑材料词汇及短语
bricksandtiles砖和瓦
红砖redbrick
粘土砖claybrick
瓷砖glazedbrick(ceramictile)
防火砖firebrick
空心砖hollowbrick
面砖facingbrick
地板砖flooringtile
缸砖clinkerybrick
马赛克mosaic
陶粒混凝土ceramsiteconcrete
琉璃瓦glazedtile
脊瓦ridgetile
石棉瓦asbestostile(shingle)
波形石棉水泥瓦corrugatedasbestoscementsheet
lime,sandandstone灰、砂和石
石膏gypsum
大理石marble
汉白玉whitemarble
花岗岩granite
碎石crushedstone
毛石rubble
蛭石vermiculite
珍珠岩pearlite
水磨石terrazzo
卵石cobble
砾石gravel
粗砂coursesand
中砂mediumsand
细砂finesand
cement,mortarandconcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土
波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥)portlandcement
硅酸盐水泥silicatecement
火山灰水泥pozzolanacement
白水泥whitecement
水泥砂浆cementmortar
石灰砂浆limemortar
水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆)cement-limemortar
保温砂浆thermalmortar
防水砂浆water-proofmortar
耐酸砂浆acid-resistantmortar
耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistantmortar
沥青砂浆bituminousmortar
纸筋灰paperstripmixedlimemortar
麻刀灰hempcutlimemortar
灰缝mortarjoint
素混凝土plainconcrete
钢筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete
轻质混凝土lightweightconcrete
细石混凝土fineaggregateconcrete
沥青混凝土asphaltconcrete
泡沫混凝土foamedconcrete
炉渣混凝土cinderconcrete
facingandplasteringmaterials饰面及粉刷材料
水刷石graniticplaster
斩假石artificialstone
刷浆limewash
可赛银casein
大白浆whitewash
麻刀灰打底hempcutsandlimeasbase
喷大白浆两道sprayedtwicewithwhitewash
分格抹水泥砂浆cementmortarplastersectioned
板条抹灰lathandplaster
asphalt(bitumen)andasbestos沥青和石棉
沥青卷材asphaltfelt
沥青填料asphaltfiller
沥青胶泥asphaltgrout
冷底子油adhesivebitumenprimer
沥青玛啼脂asphalticmastic
沥青麻丝bitumasticoakum
石棉板asbestossheet
石棉纤维asbestosfiber
timber木材
裂缝crack
透裂split
环裂shake
干缩shrinkage
翘曲warping
原木log
圆木roundtimber
方木squaretimber
板材plank
木条batten
板条lath
木板board
红松redpine
白松whitepine
落叶松deciduouspine
云杉spruce
柏木cypress
白杨whitepoplar
桦木birch
冷杉fir
栎木oak
榴木willow
榆木elm
杉木cedar
柚木teak
樟木camphorwood
防腐处理的木材preservative-treatedlumber
胶合板plywood
三(五)合板3(5)-plywood
企口板tonguedandgroovedboard
层夹板laminatedplank
胶合层夹木材glue-laminatedlumber
纤维板fiber-board
竹子bamboo
metallicmaterials金属材料
黑色金属ferrousmetal
圆钢steelbbar
方钢squaresteel
扁钢steelstrap,flatsteel
型钢steelsection(shape)
槽钢channel
角钢anglesteel
等边角钢equal-legangle
不等边角钢unequal-legangle
工字钢i-beam
宽翼缘工字钢wideflangei-beam
丁(之)字钢t-bar(z-bar)
冷弯薄壁型钢lightgaugecold-formedsteelshape
热轧hot-rolled
冷轧cold-rolled
冷拉cold-drawn
冷压cold-pressed
合金钢alloysteel
钛合金titaniumalloy
不锈钢stainlesssteel
竹节钢筋corrugatedsteelbar
变形钢筋deformedbar
光圆钢筋plainroundbar
钢板steelplate
薄钢板thinsteelplate
低碳钢lowcarbonsteel
冷弯coldbending
钢管steelpipe(tube)
无缝钢管seamlesssteelpipe
焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe
黑铁管ironpipe
镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe
铸铁castiron
生铁pigiron
熟铁wroughtiron
镀锌铁皮galvanizedsteelsheet
镀锌铁丝galvanizedsteelwire
钢丝网steelwiremesh
多孔金属网expandedmetal
锰钢managanesesteel
高强度合金钢highstrengthalloysteel
non-ferrousmetal有色金属
金gold
白金platinum
铜copper
黄铜brass
青铜bronze
银silver
铝aluminum
铅lead
anti-corrosionmaterials防腐蚀材料
聚乙烯polythene,polyethylene
尼龙nylon
聚氯乙烯pvc(polyvinylchloride)
聚碳酸酯polycarbonate
聚苯乙烯polystyrene
丙烯酸树酯acrylicresin
乙烯基酯vinylester
橡胶内衬rubberlining
氯丁橡胶neoprene
沥青漆bitumenpaint
环氧树脂漆epoxyresinpaint
氧化锌底漆zincoxideprimer
防锈漆anti-rustpaint
耐酸漆acid-resistantpaint
耐碱漆alkali-resistantpaint
水玻璃sodiumsilicate
树脂砂浆resin-bondedmor