大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案.docx

大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案.docx

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大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案

PartⅠ                Writing                        （30minutes）

注意：

此部分试题在答题卡1上

Howtoimprovestudent'smentalhealth

1、大学生的心理健康十分重要

2、因此，学校可以......

3、我们自己应当......

PartIwriting（30minutes）

注意：

此部分试题在答题卡1上

PartIIReadingComprehension（Skimmingandscanning）（15minutes）

Supersizesurprise

Askanyonewhythereisanobesityepidemicandtheywilltellyouthatit’saldowntoeatingtoomuchandburningtoofewcalories.Thatexplanationappealstocommonsenseandhasdominatedeffortstogettotherootoftheobesityepidemicandreverseit/yetobesityresearchersareincreasinglydissatisfiedwithit.Manynowbelievethatsomethingelsemusthavechangedinourenvironmenttoprecipitate（促成）suchdramaticrisesinobesityoverthepast40years or so.Nobodyissayingthatthe“bigtwo”–reducedphysicalactivityandincreasedavailabilityoffood–arenotimportantcontributorstotheepidemic,buttheycannotexplainitall.Earlierthisyearareviewpaperby20obesityexpertssetoutthe7mostplausiblealternativeexplanationsfortheepidemic.Heretheyare.

1.      Notenoughsleep

Itiswidelybelievedthatsleepisforthebrain,notthebody.Couldashortageofshut-eyealsobehelpingtomakeusfat?

Severallarge-scalestudiessuggesttheremaybealink.Peoplewhosleeplessthan7hoursanighttendtohaveahigherbodymassindexthanpeoplewhosleepmore,accordingtodatagatheredbytheUSNationalHealthandNutritionExaminationSurvey.Similarly,theUSNurses’HealthStudy,whichtracked68,000womenfor16years,foundthatthosewhosleptanaverageof5hoursanightgainedmoreweightduringthestudyperiodthanwomenwhoslept6hours,whointurngainedmorethanwhosewhoslept7.

It’swellknownthatobesityimpairssleep,soperhapspeoplegetfatfirstandsleeplessafterwards.Butthenurses’studysuggeststhatitcanworkintheotherdirectiontoo:

sleeplossmayprecipitateweightgain.

Althoughgettingfiguresisdifficult,itappearsthatwereallyaresleepingless.In1960peopleintheUSsleptanaverageof8.5hourspernight.A2002pollbytheNationalSleepFoundationsuggeststhattheaveragehasfallentounder7hours,andthedeclineismirroredbytheincreaseinobesity.

2.      Climatecontrol

Wehumans,likeallwarm-bloodedanimals,cankeepourcorebodytemperaturesprettymuchconstantregardlessofwhat’sgoingonintheworldaroundus.Wedothisbyalteringourmetabolic（新陈代新的）rate,shivering or sweating.Keepingwarmandstayingcooltakeenergyunlessweareinthe“thermo-neutralzone”,whichisincreasinglywherewechoosetoliveandwork.

Thereisnodenyingthatambienttemperatures（环境温度）havechangedinthepastfewdecades.Between1970and2000,theaverageBritishhomewarmedfromachilly13Cto18C.IntheUS,thechangeshavebeenattheotherendofthethermometerastheproportionofhomeswithairconditioningsrosefrom23%to47%between1978and1997.Inthesouthernstates–whereobesityratestendtobehighest–thenumberofhouseswithairconditioninghasshotupto71%from37%in1978.

Couldairconditioninginsummerandheatinginwinterreallymakeadifferencetoourweight?

Sadly，thereissomeevidencethatitdoes-atleastwithregardtoheating.Studiesshowthatincomfortabletemperaturesweuselessenergy.

3.Lesssmoking

Badnews:

smokersreallydotendtobethinnerthantherestofus,andquittingreallydoespackonthepounds,thoughnooneisnsurewhy.Itprobablyhassomethingtodowiththefactthatnicotineisanappetitesuppressantandappearstoupyourmetabolicrate.

KatherineFlegalandcolleagresattheUSNationalCenterforHealthStatisticsinHyattsville,Maryland,havecalculatedthatpeoplekickingthehabithavebeenrespousibleforasmallbutsignificantportionoftheUSepidemicoffatness.Fromdatacollectedaroud1991bytheUSNationalHealthandNutritionExaminationSurvey,theyworkedoutthatpeoplewhohadquitinthepreviousdecadeweremuchmorelikelytobeoverweightthansmokersandpeoplewhohadneversmoked.Amongmen,forexample,nearlyhalfofquitterswereoverweightcomparedwith37%ofnon-smokersandonly28%ofsmokers.

4.Geneticeffects

Yourschancesofbecomingfatmaybeset,atleastinpart,beforeyouwereevenborn.childrenofboesemothersaremuchmorelikelytobecomeobestthemselveslaterinlife.Offspringofmicefedahigh-fatdietduringpregnancyaremuchmorelikelytobecomefatthantheoffspringofidenticalmicefedanormaldiet.Intriguingly,theeffectpersistsfortwo or threegenerations.Grand-childrenofmicefedahigh-fatdietgrowupfateveniftheirownmotherisfednormally-soyoufatemayhavebeensealedevenbeforeyouwereconceived.

5.Alittleolder…

Somegroupsofpeoplejusthappentobefatterthanothers.surveyscarriedoutbytheUSnationalcenterforhealthstatistiesfoundthatadultsaged40to79werearoundthreetimesaslikelytobeobeseasyoungerpeople.non-whitefemalesalsotendtofallatthefatterendofthespectreum:

Mexican-americanwomenare30%morelikelythanwhitewomentobeobsess,andblackwomenhavetwicetherisk.

IntheUS,thesegroupsaccountforanincreasingpercentageofthepopulation.between1970and2000theUSpopulationaged35to44grewby43%.theproportionofHispanic-americansalsogrew,fromunder5%to12.5%ofthepopulation,whiletheproportionofblackAmericansincreasedfrom11%to12.3%.thesechangesmayaccountinpartfortheincreasedprevalenceofobesity.

6.maturemums

Mothersaroundtheworldaregettingolder.intheUK,themeanageforavingafristchildis27.3,comparedwith23.7in1970.meanageatfristbirthintheUShasalsoincreased,risingfrom21.4in1970to24.9in2000.

Thiswouldbeneitherherenorthereifitwere’tfortheobservationthathavinganoldermotherseemstobeanindependentriskfactorforobesity.ResultsfromtheUSnationalheart,lungandbloodinstitute’sstudyfoundthattheoddsofachildbeingobeseincrease14%foreveryfiveextrayearsoftheirmother’sage,thoughwhythisshouldbesoisnotentirelyclear.

MichaelSymondsattheuniversityofNottingham,UK,foundthatfirst-bronchildrenhavemorefatthanyoungerones.Asfamilysizedecreases,firstbronsaccountforagreathershareofthepopulation.In1964,britishwomengavebirthtoanaverageof2.95children;by2005thatfigurehadfallento1.79.intheUSin1976,9.6%ofwomanintheir40shadonlyonechile;in2004itwas17.4%.thiscombinationofoldermothersandmoresinglechildrencouldbecontributingtotheobesityepidemic.

7.Likemarryinglike

Justaspeoplepairoffaccordingtolooks,sotheydoforsize.Leanpeoplearemorelikelytomarryleanandfatmorelikelytomarryfat.Onitsown,likemarryinglikecannotaccountforanyincreaseinobesity.Butcombinedwithothers-particularlythefactthatobesityispartlygenetic,andthatheavierpeoplehavemorechildren-itamplifiestheincreaseformothercauses.

1.A）effectsofobesityonpeople’shealth

B）thelinkbetweenlifestyleanobesity

C）Newexplanationsfortheobesityepidemic

D）possiblewaystocombattheobesityepidemic

2.A）gainedtheleastweight

B）wereinclinedtoeatless

C）foundtheirvigorenhanced

D）werelesssusceptibletoillness

3.A）itmakesussleepy

B）itcausessleeploss

C）itincreasesourappetite

D）itresultsfromlackofsleep

4.A）itmakesusstayindoorsmore

B）itacceleratesourmetabolicrate

C）itmakesusfeelmoreenergetic

D）itcontributestoourweightgain

5.A）itthreatenstheirhealth

B）itheightenstheirspirits

C）itsuppressestheirappetite

D）itslowsdowntheirmetabolism

6.A）heavysmokers

B）passivesmokers

C）thosewhoneversmoke

D）thosewhoquitsmoking

7.A）thegrowingnumberofsmokersamongyoungpeople

B）therisingproportionofminoritiesinitspopulation

C）theincreasingconsumptionofhigh-caloriefoods

D）theimprovinglivingstandardsofthepoorpeople

8.accordingtotheUSNationalHeart,LungandBloodInstitute,thereasonwhyoldermothers’childrentendtobeobeseremainsnotentirelyclear

9.AccordingtoMichaelSymonds,onefactorcontributingtotheobesityepidemicisdecreaseoffamilysize

10whentwoheavypeoplegetmarried,chancesoftheirchildrengettingfatincrease,becauseobesityispartygenetiz

PartIII

SectionA

11.A）Heisquiteeasytorecognize

B）heisanoutstandingspeaker

C）helookslikeamoviestar

D）helooksyoungforhisage

12.A）consultherdancingteacher

B）takeamoreinterestingclass

C）continueherdancingclass

D）improveherdancingskills

13.A）themandidnotbelievewhatthewomansaid

B）themanaccompaniedthewomantothehospital

C）thewomanmaybesufferingfromrepetitivestraininjury

D）thewomanmaynotfollowedthedoctor’sinstructions

14.A）theyarenotinstyleanymore

B）theyhavecosthimfartoomuch

C）theynolongersuithiseyesight

D）theyshouldbecleanedregularly

15.A）hespilledhisdrinkontothefloor

B）hehasjustfinishedwipingthefloor

C）hewascaughtinashoweronhiswayhome

D）herushedoutofthebathtoanswerthephone

16.A）fixingsomefurniture

B）repairingthetoytrain

C）readingtheinstructions

D）assemblingthebookcase

17.A）urgeJennytospendmoretimeonstudy

B）helpJennytoprepareforthecomingexams

C）acttowardsJennyinamoresensibleway、

D）sendJennytoavolleyballtrainingcenter

18.A）Thebuildingofthedamneedsalargebudget

B）theproposedsiteisneartheresidentialarea

C）thelocalpeoplefelinsecureaboutthedam

D）thedamposesathreattothelocalenvironment

Question19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard

19A.Itsawtheendofitsboomingyearsworl