英语英语阅读理解教育文化练习题含答案及解析.docx

英语英语阅读理解教育文化练习题含答案及解析.docx

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英语英语阅读理解教育文化练习题含答案及解析

【英语】英语阅读理解（教育文化）练习题含答案及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类

1．阅读理解

   TheUSDepartmentofLabourstatistics（统计）showthatthereisanoversupplyofcollege-trainedworkersandthatthisoversupplyisincreasing.Alreadytherehavebeenmorethanenoughteachers,engineers,physicists,aerospaceexperts,andotherspecialists.Yetcollegesandgraduateschoolscontinueeveryyeartoturnouthighlytrainedpeopletocompeteforjobsthataren'tthere.Theresultisthatgraduatescannotentertheprofessionsforwhichtheyweretrainedandmusttaketemporaryjobswhichdonotrequireacollegedegree.

   Ontheotherhand,thereisagreatneedforskilledworkersofallsorts:

carpenters,electricians,mechanics,plumbers,andTVrepairmen.

   Thesepeoplehavemoreworkthantheycandealwith,andtheirannualincomesareoftenhigherthanthoseofcollegegraduates.Theoldgapthatwhite-collarworkersmakeabetterlivingthanblue-collarworkersnolongerholdstrue.Thelawofsupplyanddemandnowfavourstheskilledworkmen.

   Thereasonforthissituationisthetraditionalmyththatcollegedegreeisapassporttoaprosperousfuture.AlargepartofAmericansocietymatchessuccessinlifeequallywithacollegedegree.Parentsbeginindoctrinating（灌输）theirchildrenwiththismythbeforetheyareoutofgradeschool.Highschoolteachersplaytheirpartbyactingasifhighschooleducationwereapreparationforcollegeratherthanforlife.Underthispressurethekidsfallintoline.Whethertheywanttogotocollegeornotdoesn'tmatter.Everybodyshouldgotocollege,soofcoursetheymustgo.Andeveryyearcollegeenrollments（入学）goupandup,andmoreandmoregraduatesareovereducatedforthekindsofjobsavailabletothem.

   Oneresultofthisemphasisonacollegeeducationisthatmanypeoplegotocollegewhodonotbelongthere.Ofthesixtypercentofhighschoolgraduateswhoentercollege,halfofthemdonotgraduatewiththeirclass.Manyofthemdropoutwithinthefirstyear.Somestruggleonfortwoorthreeyearsandthengiveup.

（1）It'simpliedbutnotstatedinthepassagethat        .

A. manyothercountriesarefacingthesameproblem

B. white-collarworkersintheUSusedtomakemoremoneythanblue-collarworkers

C. fewerstudentswillprefertogotocollegeinthefuture

D. thelawofsupplyanddemandhasastrongeffectonAmericanhighereducation

（2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonwhycollegeenrollmentsgoupeveryyear?

A. Manypeoplebelievethattheonlywaytosuccessisacollegeeducation.

B. Manyparentswanttheirchildrentogotocollege.

C. Highschoolteachersurgetheirstudentstogotocollege.

D. Everyyoungmanandwomanwantstogotocollege.

（3）Bysaying"manypeoplegotocollegewhodonotbelongthere",theauthormeansthat        .

A.manypeoplewhoarenotfitforcollegeeducationgotocollege

B.manypeoplewhodonothaveenoughmoneygotocollege

C.manypeoplewhogotocollegedropoutwithinthefirstyear

D.manypeoplewhogotocollegehavetheirhopesdestroyed

（4）Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthorbelievesthat        .

A.everyyoungmanandwomanshouldgotocollege

B.collegeeducationisabadthing

C.peoplewithacollegeeducationshouldreceivehigherpay

D.fewerpeopleshouldgotocollegewhilemoreshouldbetrainedforskilledjobs

【答案】

（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过调查告诉人们要改变传统的观念:

应首先考虑选择技术性的工作——因为它缺乏人才,待遇更高。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Theoldgapthatwhite-collarworkersmakeabetterlivingthanblue-collarworkersnolongerholdstrue.Thelawofsupplyanddemandnowfavourstheskilledworkmen.”可推知白领工人以前比蓝领工人赚的钱多,故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“Parentsbeginindoctrinating（灌输）theirchildrenwiththismythbeforetheyareoutofgradeschool.Highschoolteachersplaytheirpartbyactingasifhighschooleducationwereapreparationforcollegeratherthanforlife.Whethertheywanttogotocollegeornotdoesn'tmatter.Everybodyshouldgotocollege,soofcoursetheymustgo.”可知A,B,C三项正确,而D项不是大学入学人数增加的原因,故选D。

（3）考查句义猜测。

根据最后一段中的“Ofthesixtypercentofhighschoolgraduateswhoentercollege,halfofthemdonotgraduatewiththeirclass.Manyofthemdropoutwithinthefirstyear.Somestruggleonfortwoorthreeyearsandthengiveup.”可知作者列举了三种情况,说明有些人不适合大学教育,故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

纵观全文可知,作者通过调查告诉人们大学教育的人才过多,而技术工人又非常缺乏,因而待遇反而更高;接着又分析了造成这种状况的原因;最后还谈到了很多学生上了大学却因种种原因无法完成学业。

所有这些都在暗示人们,上大学的人应该减少,而参加技术工作的人应该增多，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和句义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   BrianGreene,aprofessorofphysicsandmathematicsatColumbiaUniversity,hascreatedanonlinescienceeducationplatform.Hetriesto"buildabridge"withthingsyouknowabout,andthen"bringyouacrossthatbridgetothestrangeplaceofmodernphysics".

   RecentlyIhadachancetoaskGreeneaboutwormholes（aholewhichsomescientiststhinkmightexist,connectingpartsofspaceandtimethatarenotusuallyconnected）,timetravelandothermysteriesoftheuniverse.Iaskedhimamillion-dollarquestion:

WhatifIwentthroughaworm-holeandpreventedmyparentsfrommeeting?

"Mostofusbelievethattheuniversemakessense,"Greenesaid.Althoughthereareseveralinterestingtheoriesabouttimetravel,headded,thelawsofphysicswouldprobablypreventsomethingsoillogicalfromtakingplace.Thegoodnewsisthatthetimeparadox（悖论）isopenforfuturephysiciststosolve.

   Whenaskedhowphysicscouldbecomemoreexcitingforkids,GreenesaidthatbooksbyStephenWeinberg,LeonardSusskind,andotherphysicists,"makeitagreattimeforpeoplewhowanttolearnaboutbigideasbutaren'tyetready,perhaps,tolearnmaths".

   WhenIpointedoutthatsomestudentsstillmightfindphysicsboring,Greenesaidthatthekeyistoteachthemaboutthingsthatarestrange."Thebasicstuffisimportant,"Greenesaid."ButIthinkit'sreallyimportanttoalsodescribethemoremodernideas,thingslikeblackholesandtheBigBang.Ifkidshavethoseideasinmind,thenatleastsomeofthemwillbeexcitedtolearnallthedetails."

   GreenehasfollowedAlbertEinstein'sleadintryingtosolvethemysteriesoftheuniverse.Nowhewantskidstodothesame.AsGreenesaid,physicsis"notjustamatterofsolvingproblemsinanexam".It'saboutexperimenting,showinganinterestinstrangephenomena（现象）—andhavingfun!

（1）Amillion-dollarquestionisprobablyvery        .

A.direct

B.difficult

C.personal

D.long

（2）ThebooksbyWeinbergandSusskind        .

A.areboringtoread

B.aremainlyaboutmaths

C.arepopularsciencebooks

D.areonlypopularamongkids

（3）AccordingtoParagraph4,whichofthefollowingdoesGreeneagreewith?

A.Modernphysicsisaboringsubject.

B.Interestplaysanimportantroleinstudying.

C.Itisnotnecessarytolearnallaboutphysics.

D.ItiseasytodescribeblackholesandtheBigBang.

（4）Inthelastparagraph,Greenehopesthat        .

A.kidscanlovescienceandphysics

B.kidscandowellinphysicsexams

C.kidscanhavefunwithexperiments

D.kidscanfindmorestrangethingsinlife

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，物理和数学教授BrianGreene希望更多的孩子可以对现代物理学感兴趣。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第二段Greene对这个问题的解释以及他说需要未来的物理学家去解决可知,作者提出的这个问题非常难。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“…booksby…‘makeitagreattimeforpeoplewhowanttolearnaboutbigideasbutaren'tyetready,perhaps,tolearnmaths'.”可知,Greene认为Weinberg和Susskind等物理学家写的书浅显易懂,适合普通大众阅读,故这些书属于受欢迎的科普读物。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第四段可知,当作者指出一些学生觉得物理无聊时,Greene说重要的是向孩子们讲述一些稀奇古怪的事,并描述一些诸如黑洞和宇宙大爆炸的现代物理现象,如果孩子们知道了这些,他们中的一些就愿意了解所有详细的内容。

因此可推知他认为兴趣在学习过程中起着非常重要的作用。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“GreenehasfollowedAlbertEinstein'sleadintryingtosolvethemysteriesoftheuniverse.Nowhewantskidstodothesame.”可知,Greene希望孩子们可以像他一样对科学和物理感兴趣,去探索宇宙的奥秘。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Everywherewelook,wearesurroundedbytechnology.Weheavilyrelyontechnologyforourday-to-daylives.Therearethesocialmediaapps,suchasFacebook,Twitter,whereweareabletoseeintothelivesofeveryonearoundus.ThereareothermoreusefulappslikeGoogleMapswhereyoucanuseaGPStogetfromoneplacetoanother.Itisnowonderthatweareconstantlylookingdownatourphonesandotherdevices.And,thatisaproblem.

   Prettysoon,Ifearthatpeoplewillnolongerbeabletocommunicatefacetoface.Ipersonallylovebeingabletositdownandhaveaconversationwithsomeonesanscellphonesanddistractions.Itshowsthatyoucareaboutwhoyouaretalkingtoandwanttoinvolveandlistentothem.Thecellphonecanwaituntillater.

   WhatIreallydislikeisthatyoungerandyoungerchildrenareusingtechnology.Insteadofplayingoutsidewithfriends,theyareplayingoniPads,iPods,orvideogames.Insteadofhavinglittlegamesorbooks,childrennowhaveelectronicdevicestousetodistractthemevenifwaitingatdoctors'appointmentsetc.Theywantcellphonesatyoungages.Theyhavetexting.Ioverheardsixthgradersonedaytalkingabouttexting,andIwasalittlesad.Atthatage,Ihadtocallmyfriendsonthephoneinordertotalktothem.

   Weareasocietybasedontechnology.And,thatisn'tacompletelybadthing,givenitsuseinareassuchasmedicine.Butweshouldn'tbeaddictedtosomanyofthesedevicesthatweforgettolookaroundandseewhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.

（1）Whatcanbeconcludedfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Sometechproductsleaveusunabletofocus.

B.Socialmediaappsmakepeoplemorevisible.

C.Manypeopleusuallymisusesocialmediaapps.

D.Technologyprovidesuswithaconvenientlife.

（2）Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"sans"?

A.isneedof

B.without

C.isspiteo