届河北省衡水中学高三上学期一轮复习周测英语试题.docx

届河北省衡水中学高三上学期一轮复习周测英语试题.docx

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届河北省衡水中学高三上学期一轮复习周测英语试题

河北省衡水中学2017-2018学年高三上学期一轮复习周测

英语试题

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

It’srarethatyouseethewords“shyness”and“letter”inthesamesentence.Afterall,thecommonviewpointisthatthoseoutgoingandsociableguysmakegreatpublicspeakersandexcellentnetworkersandthatthoseshypeoplearenot.AsurveyconductedbyUSATodayreferredto65percentofexecutiveswhobelievedshynesstobeabarriertoleadership.Interestingly,thesamearticlestressesthatroughly40percentofleadersactuallyarequiteshy—they'rejustbetteratadaptingthemselvestosituationaldemands.BillGates,WarrenBuffetandCharlesSchwabarejustafew"innies".

Unliketheiroutgoingcounterpartswhoaremoresensitivetorewardsandrisk-taking,shypeopletakeacautiousapproachtochance.Ratherthantheflashychit-chatthatdefinessocialgathering,shypeoplelistenattentivelytowhatotherssayandabsorbitbeforetheyspeak.They'renotthinkingaboutwhattosaywhiletheotherpersonisstilltalking,butratherlisteningsotheycanlearnwhattosay.Alongthesamelines,shypeopleshareacommonloveoflearning.Theyareintrinsically（内在地）motivatedandthereforeseekcontentregardlessofachievinganoutsidestandard.

Beingshycanalsobringotherbenefits.Rememberbeinginschoolandhearingthesamekidscontribute,untilshylittleJohnny,whoalmostneversaidaword,cutin?

Thenwhathappened?

EveryoneturnedaroundtolookwithgreatrespectatlittleJohnnyactuallytalking.Thisishowshypeoplemadegooduseoftheirpowerofpresence:

they"own"themomentbyspeakingcalmlyandpurposefully,whichtranslatetoapositiveimage.

Shynessisoftenrelatedtomodesty.Nottosaythatlimelight-seekersaren'tmodest,butshypeopletendtohaveanaccuratesenseoftheirabilitiesandachievements.Asaresult,theyareabletoacknowledgemistakes,imperfections,knowledgegapsandlimitations.

Sinceshypeoplehavealowersensitivitytooutsiderewardsthanoutgoingones,they'remorecomfortableworkingwithlittleinformationandstickingtotheirinnerdesires.Shypeoplearealsomorelikelytoinsistonfindingsolutionsthataren'tprimarilyapparent.Don'tbelieveme?

Maybeyou'llbelieveAlbertEinstein,whooncesaid,"It'snotthatI'msosmart,it'sthatIstaywithproblemslonger."Obviously,findingcertaintywhereuncertaintyistypicallypopularisahugeplusforanysuccessfulperson.

Themyththatshypeoplearelesseffectiveleadersthantheiroutgoingfellowsisjustamisunderstanding.Makewiseuseofyourpersonalitystrengthstoleadyourbusinessnomatterwhatsideoftherangeyoufallon.

1.WecanlearnfromParagraph2that_______.

A.shypeoplearesensitivetorewards

B.shypeoplecaremoreaboutcontent

C.outgoingpeoplearemorecarefulaboutchances

D.outgoingpeopleconsiderwhattolearnwhilelistening

2.TheexampleofJohnnyshows______.

A.shypeoplearelikelytobemodest

B.hardworkingstudentsspeaklittleinpublic

C.somestudentskeepsilentonpurposeatschool

D.shypeoplemayhaveanadvantageindiscussion

3.WecanlearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5that______.

A.shynessresultsinsuccess

B.shynesscontributestopopularity

C.outsiderewardleadstoinsistence

D.uncertaintycountsmorethancertainty

4.Theauthorsupportshisideasmainlyby______.

A.givingdefinitionsandpresentingresearchresults

B.explainingproblemsandprovidingsolutions

C.quotingauthoritiesandmakingevaluations

D.makingcontrastsandgibingexamples

【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.D

【解析】试题分析：

本文属于科普说明文，主要分析了生性害羞的人与外向的人相比有着一定的优势。

1.B推理判断题。

根据第二段二、三句Ratherthantheflashychit-chatthatdefinessocialgathering,shypeoplelistenattentivelytowhatotherssayandabsorbitbeforetheyspeak.They'renotthinkingaboutwhattosaywhiletheotherpersonisstilltalking,butratherlisteningsotheycanlearnwhattosay.可知害羞的人很认真地听其他人所说的内容并消化吸收。

他们认真地听是因为他们可以从别人所说的话中学到很多。

这些都说明害羞的人实际上非常在意别人说话的内容。

故B正确。

2.D推理判断题。

根据第三段最后一句Thisishowshypeoplemadegooduseoftheirpowerofpresence：

they"own"themomentbyspeakingcalmlyandpurposefully,whichtranslatetoapositiveimage.可知很害羞不愿意表达自己观点的Johnny一直都没有说话，但他突然插话，所有人都转身听他陈述观点，他镇定地陈述了自己的思想。

这个例子说明因为害羞的人平时很少说话，但是一旦发表观点了，别人就很在意。

在讨论中往往会有一点优势，故D项正确。

3.A句意理解题。

根据前句Shypeoplearealsomorelikelytoinsistonfindingsolutionsthataren'tprimarilyapparent.害羞的人更可能坚持找到并不是很明显的问题的解决方法。

这说明害羞的人很专注于自己的问题。

故A项正确。

4.D写作手法题。

作者在文章中主要通常把害羞的人和外向的人进行比较，也通过举例说明的方法说明害羞的人在各方面都有一些优势。

故D正确。

考点：

考查说明文阅读

B

“Can’tholdacandleto”isapopularexpression.Whentherewasn’telectricity,someonewouldhaveaservantlighthiswaybyholdingacandle.Theexpressionmeantthatthepersonwhocannotholdacandletoyouisnotfiteventobeyourservant.Now,itmeanssuchapersoncannotcompareorcompete.

Anotherexpressionis“holdyourtongue.”Itmeanstobestillandnottalk.“Holdyourtongue”isnotsomethingyouwouldtellafriend.Butaparentorteachermightusetheexpressiontoquietanoisychild.

“Holdout”isanexpressiononehearsofteninsportsreportsandlabornews.Itmeanstorefusetoplayorwork.Professionalfootballandbaseballplayers“holdout”iftheirteamrefusestopaythemwhattheythinktheyareworth.

Theexpression“holdup”hasseveraldifferentmeanings.Oneisarobbery.Amanwithagunmaysay,“Thisisaholdup.Givemeyourmoney.”Anothermeaningistodelay.Adriverwhowasheldupbyheavytrafficmightbelateforwork.Anothermeaningisforastorytobeconsideredtrueafteraninvestigation.Astorycanholdupifitisprovedtrue.

“Holdon”isanotherexpression,whichmeanswaitorstop.Asyouleaveforschool,yourbrothermaysay,“Holdon,youforgotyourbook.”Itisusedtoaskatelephonecallertowaitandnothanguphistelephone.

Ourfinalexpressionis“holdtheline.”Thatmeanstokeepaproblemorsituationfromgettingworse—toholdsteady.Forexample,thepresidentmaysayhewill“holdthelineontaxes.”Hemeanstherewillbenoincreaseintaxes.

5.Theexpression“can’tholdacandleto”canbeusedwhen_______.

A.somefootballersrefusetoplayagame

B.someoneelseiswantedonthephone

C.someoneisnotqualifiedforaposition

D.someonewasdelayedbyheavytraffic

6.Thetuneofthephrase“holdyourtongue”isprobablyalittle_______.

A.amusingB.polite

C.unfriendlyD.offensive

7.Ifsometeachers“holdout”,theyprobably______.

A.changetheirattitudeB.refusetowork

C.makeacompromiseD.showtheirdevotion

8.Whichofthefollowingsentencescanconveypositivemeanings?

A.IwaslateasIwasheldupbyaholdup.

B.Holdon!

Youhavetopaythebill,sir.

C.Youcan’tevenholdacandletoMichael.

D.Ipromisetoholdthelineonhouseprices.

【答案】5.C6.C7.B8.D

【解析】试题分析：

本文属于文化类说明文，介绍了英语中几个常用的短语，介绍了每个短语的内在含义和具体使用语境并举例进行了说明。

5.C推理判断题。

根据第一段后2行Theexpressionmeantthatthepersonwhocannotholdacandletoyouisnotfiteventobeyourservant．Now，itmeanssuchapersoncannotcompareorcompete．这个短语是指那些不会给你拿蜡烛的人是不适合做你的仆人的，也就是说这样的人是不合格的。

故该短语是指C项含义。

6.C推理判断题。

根据文章第二段Anotherexpressionis“holdyourtongue．”Itmeanstobestillandnottalk．“Holdyourtongue”isnotsomethingyouwouldtellafriend．课holdyourtongue表示让对方不要说话，保持安静。

这是一个不太礼貌的用语。

不是我们经常和朋友讲的用语。

故C正确。

7.B推理判断题。

根据文章第三段第二句．Itmeanstorefusetoplayorwork．可知holdout表示罢工或者拒绝工作。

如果老师holdout说明老师拒绝上课了。

故B项正确。

8.D推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段Thatmeanstokeepaproblemorsituationfromgettingworse—toholdsteady可知holdtheline表示不让事情失败，让事情保持稳定。

这个短语表示的是褒义。

故D正确。

考点：

考查说明文阅读

C

Howcanwereducetherisk?

Therearefourgeneralapproachestodealingwithvolcanic（火山似的）dangers.Wecantrytokeepthedangerfromoccurring—oftenanimpossibletask.Wecantrytochangeitspathorreduceitsimpactonexistingdevelopment.Wecantakestepstoprotectfuturedevelopment.Wecanalsodoourbesttohavedisasterresponseplansinplacebeforetheyareneeded.

RemovingtheThreat

Clearly,thereisnowaytostopaneruption.Wecan,however,attempttoreducetheeruption’seffectsbystrengtheningstructures,forexample,buildingprotectiveworkssuchaswallstomakelava（熔岩）flowawayfromdevelopedareas.Sucheffortscanbeandhavebeensuccessful,butareoflimiteduseinalarge-scale（范围）eruption.

PlanningfortheFuture

Protectingfuturedevelopmentfromvolcanicdangersisasimpletask.Beforebuildinghouses,weshouldjudgetherisk.Iftheriskseemstoogreat,asaferlocationshouldbefound.Thistypeofplanningisveryeffective,butalltoooften,peoplearedrawntothelush（葱郁的）,rollinglandofaquietvolcano.

DisasterPreparedness（预案）

Whenavolcanocomestolife,afewweeksmaynotbeenoughtoavoidatragedy.Planningisthekeytosavinglives.Wellbeforethewarningsignsoccur,peoplemustbeeducatedaboutvolcanicdangers.Escapeplansmustbeinplace.Communicationbetweenscientists,officials,themedia,andthegeneralpublicshouldbepracticed.Emergencymeasuresmustbethoughtoutandagreedupon.

Ifyoudoubttheimportanceoftheseefforts,takeanotherlookatpastvolcanictragedies,suchastheeruptionofNevadodelRuiz.CommunicationfailuresleftthetownofArmerounpreparedforescape.Whenadeadlymudflowcamedowntheslope（斜坡）,21,000people—90percentofthetown’speople—died.

9.Thepassageisintendedfor_______.

A.thegeneralpublicB.architects

C.adventurersD.geographers

10.Whenbuildinghouses,peopletendto______.

A.judgevolcanicdangerscarefully

B.takevolcanicdangersseriously

C.livenearaquietvolcano

D.findasaferplacefarawayfromavolcano

11.ThewritermentionedNevadodelRuiztoprove______.

A.thefailuretokeepvolcanicdangersfromhappening

B.theimportanceofpreparingforavolcanice