全汇总整编大学英语2第二版UNIT4语言学习知识重点.docx
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全汇总整编大学英语2第二版UNIT4语言学习知识重点
Unit4TheVirtualWorld
Manisstillthemostextraordinarycomputerofall.——JohnF.Kennedy
人类依然是各类计算机中最出类拔萃的。
——约翰·F·肯尼迪
DetailedReading
Ⅰ.DifficultSentences
1.（LL.1~4）Myboyfriend’sLiverpoolaccentsuddenlybecomesimpossibletointerpretafterhiseasilyunderstoodwordsonscreen:
asecretary’sclippedtoneseemsmorerejectingthanI’dimagineditwouldbe.
Whatdoesthesentenceimply?
（=Ihavebecomemorefamiliarwiththevirtualworldthantherealworld.）
2.（LL.20~21）WehavebecometheNetcritics’worstnightmare.
Paraphrasethesentence.
（=WehavegotintoasituationthatcriticsoftheNetdescribeasmostdreadful.）
3.（LL.24~25）Andonceyoustartreplacingrealhumancontactwithcyber-interaction,comingbackoutofthecavecanbequitedifficult.
1.Whatdoes“cyber-interaction”mean?
（=“Cyber-”isaprefixwhichmeans“ofthecomputer”.“Cyber-interaction”meansthecontactwiththecomputer.）
2.Whatdoes“cave”herereferto?
（=“Cave”hererefersfigurativelytotheisolatedlifeofthevirtualworld.）
3.Paraphrasethesecondpartofthesentence.
（=Returningtonormalsocietyfromtheisolatedlifeofthevirtualworldcanbequiteaproblem.）
4.（LL.31~32）Attimes,Iturnonthetelevisionandjustleaveittotalkawayinthebackground,somethingthatI’dneverdonepreviously.
TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.
（=有时我把电视机开着，让它作为背景声音一直响着，以前我从不这样做。
）
5.（LL.35~37）“Dateline,”“Frontline,”“Nightline,”CNN,NewYork1,everypossibleangleofeverystoryoverandoverandover,evenwhentheyareofnopossibleusetome.
GivetheChineseequivalentsfor“Dateline”,“Frontline”,“Nightline”,“CNN”,“NewYork1”.
（=“每日新闻”、“一线新闻”、“夜间新闻”、“有线新闻电视网”、“纽约一套”。
）
6.（L.37）Workmovesintothebackground.
1.Whatdoesthissentencemean?
（=Itmeansworkbecomeslessimportant.）
2.Whydoesworkbecomelessimportant?
（=Becauseinmymind’seye,communicatingwiththerealworldhasbecomemoreimportantatthattime.）
7.（LL.45~46）WhenI’minthisstate,Ifightmyboyfriendaswell,misinterpretinghisintentionbecauseofthelackofemotionalcuesgivenbyourtypeddialogue.
WhydoImisinterpretmyboyfriend’sintention?
（=Becausethetypeddialoguelackstheemotionthatisexpressedandimpliedintherealdialogue.）
8.（LL.57~59）Iarrangeinterviewforstories,doctor’sappointments—anythingtogetmeoutofthehouseandconnectedwithothers.
Whatdoes“story”herereferto?
（=“Story”herereferstoanydescriptivearticleinanewspaperoranevent,asituation,etc.suitableforsuchanarticle.）
Ⅱ.WordsandExpressions
1.（标题）virtual:
adj.
1）createdandexistingonlyinacomputer
*IcanvisitavirtualstoreandputwhatIwantinmybasketattheclickofamousebutton.
*Somepeoplespendtoomuchtimeescapingfromrealityintothevirtualworldconjuredupontheircomputerscreens.
2）almostwhatisstated;infactthoughnotinname
*Theofficialshearthiskindoftalkinvirtualsilence.
*国王处处都受王后的影响，以至于王后成了国家实际上的统治者。
（=Thekingwassomuchundertheinfluenceofhiswifethatshewasthevirtualrulerofthecountry.）
2.（L.2）interpret:
v.
1）understand（sth.said,ordered,ordone）
*Thegiftisgenerallyinterpretedasabribe.
*Shemadeagesture,whichhechosetointerpretasaninvitation.
2）giveorprovidethemeaningof,explain
诗有助于阐述人生的意义。
（=Poetryhelpstointerpretlife.）
*Theevidenceisdifficulttointerpret.
3）translatewhatissaidinonelanguageintoanother
（=NooneinthetourgroupspokeSpanishsowehadtoasktheguidetointerpret.）
3.（L.5）stretch:
v.（causeto）becomelonger,wider,etc.withoutbreaking
*MywoolcoatstretchedwhenIwashedit.
*Thechildstretchedtherubberbandtoitsfullextent.
*你已经使我忍无可忍了。
（=Youarestretchingmypatiencetolimit.）
4.（L.8）submit:
vt.
1）give（sth.）tosb.sothatitmaybeformallyconsidered
*IamgoingtosubmitanapplicationforthatjobinMicrosoft.
*Petersubmittedhisapplicationtothelocalgovernment.
2）yield（oneself）;agreetoobey
*Shouldawifesubmitherselftoherhusband?
*Weshouldsubmitourselvestodiscipline.
Collocation:
submitoneselfto甘受,服从
submitto服从于；把…提交给…
submitwillingly心悦诚服
5.（L.9）edit:
vt.reviseorcorrect
*ScholarsofteneditShakespeare’splays.
（=Johndidn’tfinisheditingtheannualreportuntiltheendoflastmonth.）
6.（L.9）communicate:
1.vi.contactsb.inanyway,eap.byspeakingtothem,writingtothemorcallingthem（followedbywith）
*Wecancommunicatewithpeopleinmostpartsoftheworldbytelephone.
*年轻人有时抱怨无法与父母沟通思想。
（=Youngpeoplesometimescomplainofnotbeingabletocommunicatewiththeirparents.）
2.vt.make（news,opinions,feelings,etc.）known
*Theradiostationscommunicatethestormwarningstotheislanders.
*Shecommunicatedherideastohersubordinates.
7.（L.13）attimes:
sometimes
*Attimes,IfeelthatIwanttoleavethisjob.
8.（L.18）takein:
1）receive,admit
2）include
3）make（clothes）narrower
4）understand
5）deceive
6）seeataglance;seeatonce
（Directions:
）Matchtheabovedefinitionswiththesentencesbelow.
1.Thedresswastoobig,soItookitin.（=3）
2.Ididn’ttakeinwhatyouweresaying.（=4）
3.Shetookineverydetailsoftheotherwoman’sclothes.（=6）
4.Doyoumeanweshouldgetridofthestaleandtakeinthefresh?
（=1）
5.Don’tbetakeninbyherpromises（=5）
6.Thisisthetotalcostofthetrip,takingineverything.（=2）
Collocation:
takeafter仿效，跟随；相象，在相貌、脾气或性格上相似
takeapart拆开
takeback收回（所说的或所写的事）
takedown拿下，放下
takefor把…视作；误认为
takeoff脱掉（衣服等）；起飞
takeon从事；开始对付：
takeout取出；弄走
takeover接管
takeup举起；再次开始
9.（L.18）spit:
vt.send（liquid,food,etc.）outfromthemouth（usedinthepattern:
spitsth.（out）（at/on/ontosb./sth.））
*He’sveryillandspitting（up）blood.
*Thebabyspatitsfoodoutonthetable.
*他气呼呼地作了答复。
（=Heangrilyspatoutheranswer.）
10.（L.19）symptom:
n.
1）signoftheexistenceofsth.bad
*TheGovernmentmustnotignorethesesymptomsofdiscontentamongtheirownsupporters.
（=Highinterestratesareasymptomofaweakeconomy.）
2）changeinthebodythatindicatesanillness
*Acold,feverandheadachearetheusualsymptomsofflu.
*持续地咳嗽可能是非典型性肺炎的症状。
（=Apersistentcoughmaybeasymptomofatypicalpneumonia.）
11.（L.21）nightmare:
n.aterribledream
*Drivingthroughthatsnowstormwasanightmare.
*Ihadanightmareaboutfallingofftheskyscraper.
12.（L.26）conversely:
adv.inawaythatisoppositetosth.
*$1willbuy100yenworthofJapanesegoods.Conversely,100yenwillbuy$1worthofAmericangoods.
*Youcanaddthefluidtothepowderor,conversely,thepowdertothefluid.
13.（L.33）butthen:
yetatthesametime
*ThefailureofChina’ssoccerteamlooksinevitable.Butthen,anythingcanhappeninfootball.
*这个马戏团并不出色，不过观众的要求也并不高。
（=Thecircuswasnotaverygoodone,butthen,theaudiencewasnotdemanding.）
14.（L.33）jar:
v.haveaharshoranunpleasanteffect（usedinthepattern:
jarsth.,jaronsb./sth.）
*Thefalljarredeveryboneinmybody.
（=Thewayhelaughsjarsonme.）
15.（L.34）suckin:
（usu.passive）involve（sb.）inanactivity,anargument,etc.,usu.againsttheirwill
*Someteenagersdon’twanttogetinvolvedwithgangs,buttheyfindthemselvesgettingsuckedin.
*我不想卷入有关学校改革的辩论。
（=Idon’twanttogetsuckedintothedebateaboutschoolreform.）
16.（L.34）keepupwith:
1）learnaboutorbeawareof（thenews,etc.）
*Carrielikestokeepupwiththelatestfashions.
*Hedidn’tbothertokeepupwiththelatestnews.Hisonlyconcernwastostudy.
2）moveatthesamerateas
*Mysalarydoesn’tkeepupwithinflation.
*他请了位家庭教师，因为他的功课跟不上班上其他同学。
（=Hehiredatutorbecausehewasn’tabletokeepupwiththerestoftheclass.）
17.（L.39）insight:
1）visible
*Novehicleisinsight.
*哪儿也见不到他。
（=Heisnowhereinsight.）
2）likelytocomesoon
（=Peacewasinsightatlastafterfouryearsofwar.）
*Animmediateagreementisnowhereinsight.
Collocation:
losesightof看不见；失去联系；忘记；没有考虑到
outofsight看不到，不被看到
18.（L.42）remark:
1.n.thingssaidorwrittenasacomment
*Heclosedthediscussionwiththeremarkthat“hewhoplayswithfiregetsburnt”.
（=Mr.Smithapproachedusandmadeacoupleofremarksabouttheweather.）
2.v.say,esp.somethingwhichonehasjustnoticed;giveasanopinion
*Alocalnewspaperremarkedthatinflationwasnottobecheckedforthetimebeing.
*HisfluencywiththeChineselanguagewasremarkeduponbyallhisChinesecolleagues.
CF:
remark&comment
这两个词都是名词，都有“谈论”、“评论”之意。
remark是常用词，指议论、评价，常含有一种随便的意味。
例如：
Ishouldbepleasedtohaveyourremark.
我将很高兴听到你的意见。
Herabsenceofhaircouldhardlyescaperemark.
她没有头发，免不了被人议论。
comment通常强调批判性的评述。
例如：
Somescathingcommentswereheardfromvisitors.
从来宾那听到了一些尖刻的批评。
Itbecameamatterofcynicalcommentamongtheneighbors.
她成了邻居们冷嘲热讽的话题.
19.（L.46）emotional:
adj.
1）oftheemotions
*Sheisgratefultohimforhisemotionalsupportwhileshewasintrouble.
*It’squitedifficulttohandleemotionalproblems.
2）havingemotionsthatareeasilyexcited.
*It’ssaidthattheItaliansaremoreemotionalthanweare.
*他非常易动感情，我离开时他哭了
（=Hewasveryemotional;hecriedwhenIleft.）
20.（L.46）cue:
n.anythingthatservesasasignalaboutwhattodoorsay
*Whenhestartedtotalkaboutthefinance,whichwasourcuetogetupquietlyandleave.
*Thetimehadcometosaygoodnight.Atmother’scue,weallascended.
21.（L.49）routine:
n.fixedandregularwayofdoingthings
*Thesetwobabieshavedifferentdailyrout
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