新人教版新版年高考英语学业水平测试一轮复习 阅读理解 第Ⅱ题 专题三 推理判断类题目提分必备.docx

新人教版新版年高考英语学业水平测试一轮复习 阅读理解 第Ⅱ题 专题三 推理判断类题目提分必备.docx

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新人教版新版年高考英语学业水平测试一轮复习阅读理解第Ⅱ题专题三推理判断类题目提分必备

专题三　推理判断类题目

[命题特点]

根据文章内容，语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意。

（1）常用设题关键动词：

infer，imply，suggest，indicate，referto，predict，conclude，learn，intend，mean，describe，purpose等。

（2）设题常用推理判断的情态动词：

can，could，might，would，probably，mostlikely等。

[考查重点]

表层意思的理解与推理；深层含义的领悟与推理；同时涉及数据推断，知识推断，逻辑结论推断，表明作者态度、观点的推断等。

[方法技巧]

抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推断；整合全文（段）信息进行推断；根据上下文逻辑关系进行推理得出结论。

1．忠实于原文。

2．吃透文章的字面含义。

3．对文章表面意义进行分析、综合判断。

4．把握句际、段际关系。

5．确定推断的范围和位置，细节还是整体推断。

Passage1

I'vespentoverayearinIndia,andinthose365plusdays,I'velearnedalotaboutgettingaroundIndiancities.Mybiggestlessonshavebeenlearnedthroughbeingcheated,particularlybytaxiandrickshaw（人力车）drivers,butthatdoesn'tmeanthosearebadwaystotravel,aslongasyouknowwhatyou'redoing.BelowarethebestwaystogetaroundthecityofDelhi,India,andtipsforhowtokeepfrombeingthevictimofscams（欺诈）．

TakingtaxisisagreatwaytogetaroundthecityofDelhiandchancesare,ifyouarriveinDelhibyplane,assoonasyoumakeitthroughcustoms,you'llbeswarmedbyIndiantaxidrivers.AttheDelhiairport,besuretoarrangeforataxitoyourhotelatoneofthetwoDelhiTrafficPoliceTaxiBooths.Oneisinsidetheairport,andtheotherisoutside.Thekeyistomakesuretogotoaboothrunbythepolice,ratherthanbyindependenttaxidrivers.

RickshawsareoneofmyfavouritewaystogetaroundIndiancities,inpartbecauseit'showthelocalsoftentravel.Auto－rickshawsaremorecommon,butbicyclerickshawsarestillusedinOldDelhi.Ifyoudohaveachancetotakeabicyclerickshaw,youshoulddoitatleastonceforauniqueexperiencethatshouldonlysetyoubackabout15rupees.Auto－rickshawratesaroundDelhirangebetween30and80rupees,dependingonthedistance.

IfyoureallywanttotravelaroundDelhilikethelocals,takeapublicbus.Indianbusesbecomeverycrowdedandmostdonothaveairconditioning.Theyare,however,verycheap.Abustripwon'tsetyoubackanymorethan15rupees,aslongasyoustaywithinthecitylimits.SinceIndianbusesgetsocrowded,trytoboardthebusatthestartoftheroutesoyoucangetaseat.

ThetrainisagreatwaytogetaroundwithinthecityofDelhi.Faresarereasonable,between6and22rupees.AlldepartureannouncementsareinbothHindiandEnglish,andtokenscanbepurchasedforbetween6and22rupees.

【语篇解读】　本文作者就自己在印度德里旅行时的交通方面提出了几点建议。

1．Theauthoristryingto________inDelhithroughthistext.

A．givesomeadviceoftravelling

B．expectustotravelaround

C．showhis/herexperiences

D．explainthedifficultiesoftravelling

解析：

通读全文，我们可以看出，作者在本文中给读者提出了一些建议，告诉读者在德里旅行时应注意的一些问题。

因此，本文的写作目的也就是要给读者提出建议。

答案：

A

2．Toavoidbeingcheated,yououghtto________ifyouwanttotakeataxiattheDelhiairport.

A．paymoretothedriverstokeepsafe

B．showyourtickettothedriver

C．gotoapolice－runbooth

D．gooutoftheairport

解析：

根据第二段的最后一句可知，在机场搭乘出租车时，应到警察经营的摊位。

答案：

C

3．Theauthorsuggeststakingarickshawinorderto________．

A．savesomemoney

B．enjoythecomfortabletrip

C．gainauniqueexperience

D．helpthelocalrickshawdrivers

解析：

根据第三段的第三句可知，作者建议乘坐人力车以获得一种独特的体验。

答案：

C

4．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A．Youwon'thavetopaymuchifyoutravelaroundbybusinIndia.

B．Itwillbedifficultforyoutogetaseatifyougetonthebushalfway.

C．Arickshawdriveronlychargeswhateveramountyougivehim.

D．You'llhavetospeakEnglishifyoutravelaroundinIndia.

解析：

根据第四段的最后一句可知，为了上车后能有一个座位，作者建议最好从起点站上车。

这就意味着如果中途上车的话，就很难有座位了。

答案：

B

5．Whichmaybethetopicthatfollows?

A．HotelrecommendationsinDelhi

B．WeatherconditionsinDelhi

C．FoodanddrinkinDelhi

D．CarrentalsinDelhi

解析：

由本文第一段的最后一句可知，本文主要介绍了关于在德里交通方面避免受骗的几点建议。

在给出的几个选项当中，只有D项与交通有关。

据此，我们可以确定后面最有可能要讨论的是汽车租赁业务。

答案：

D

Passage2

AfellowspeakerfromCalifornianamedGeriflewtoJapan,inherfavouritejeansandacasualjacket,togiveherfirstspeech.Fourteenhourslater,fourperfectlydressedJapanesegentlemengreetedheratNaritaAirport.Smilingandbowinglow,theyhandedhertheirbusinesscards.Withherbaginonehand,Geritooktheircardswiththeother.Shethankedthem,glancedbrieflyatthecards,andputthemintoherjeanspocketquickly.

Whenthefiveofthemarrivedatthehotel,theyinvitedGeritoteainthelobby（大厅）.Whilesippingtea,thegentlemenpresentedherwithasmallgiftwhichsheeagerlyopened.Shewasthrilledwiththegiftandshoutedexcitedly,“Oh,it'sbeautiful！

”

Atthispoint,thefourJapanesegentlemenstoodupand,bowingonlyveryslightly,said“Sayonara”andleftimmediately.PoorGeriwasleftastonished.Whatdidshedowrong?

Everything!

Herjeanswerethefirstgaffe.Evenifyou'recomingoffabicycleinJapan,youdonotmeetclients（客人）casuallydressed.ThesecondmistakewasGeri'shandlingoftheirbusinesscardsrudely.InJapan,thebusinesscardisoneofthemostimportantcommunicativetools.Itisalwayspresentedandacceptedrespectfullywithbothhands.However,Geriputtheircardsawaymuchtooquickly.InJapan,peopleusebusinesscardsasaconversationstarter.Youchatabouteachother'scardsandworkanddonotputtheirsawayuntiltheygentlyandrespectfullyplaceyoursinsafekeeping.Puttingitcarelesslyintoherjeanspocketwastheultimatedisrespect.

Then,thefourthhorrorofhorrorswasthatGerishouldnothaveopenedthegiftinfrontofherclients.Inalandwheresavingfaceiscritical,itwouldbeembarrassingtodiscoverthegifttheygavewasnotasniceastheonetheyreceived.Whatisworse,Gerihadn'tevengiventhemagift!

【语篇解读】　本文介绍了Geri在与日本人交往中所犯的几个礼仪上的错误。

1．InthefourJapanesegentlemen'seyes,Geritooktheircards________．

A．excitedly　　　B．embarrassingly

C．politelyD．disrespectfully

解析：

由文章第一段“...glancedbrieflyatthecards,andputthemintoherjeanspocketquickly.”和第四段的“ThesecondmistakewasGeri'shandlingoftheirbusinesscardsrudely.”可知答案。

答案：

D

2．WhydidthefourJapanesegentlemenleaveGerisuddenly?

A．Becausetheycouldn'tbearGeri'sbehaviour

anylonger.

B．Becausetheyhadfinishedthetask.

C．BecauseGerihadsomethingmoreimportanttodo.

D．BecauseGerifeltembarrassed.

解析：

由第五段“Then,thefourthhorrorofhorrorswasthatGerishouldnothaveopenedthegiftinfrontofherclients.Inalandwheresavingfaceiscritical,itwouldbeembarrassingtodiscoverthegifttheygavewasnotasniceastheonetheyreceived.”可推知答案。

答案：

A

3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gaffe”inParagraph4probablymean?

A．Ignorance.B．Sadness.

C．Mistake.D．Carelessness.

解析：

由第三段“Whatdidshedowrong？

”和第四段的“ThesecondmistakewasGeri'shandlingoftheirbusinesscardsrudely.”可推知答案。

答案：

C

4．ThethirdmistakeGerimadewasthatshe________．

A．usedherowncardasaconversationstarter

B．tookherclients'cardswithonehand

C．keptherclients'cardsinawrongplace

D．metherclientsinjeans

解析：

由第四段“ThesecondmistakewasGeri'shandlingoftheirbusinesscardsrudely.”和“Puttingitcarelesslyintoherjeanspocketwastheultimatedisrespect.”可推知答案。

答案：

C

5．Whatlessoncanwedrawfromthisstory?

A．Honestyisthebestpolicy.

B．Thinktwicebeforeyoutakeanyaction.

C．WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.

D．Don'tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon'tknow.

解析：

纵观全文可得出答案。

答案：

C

Passage3

BigBrothersBigSistersisbasedonthesimplicityandpoweroffriendship.Itisaprogrammewhichprovidesfriendshipandfunbymatchingvulnerable_young_people（ages7～17）withavolunteeradultwhocanbebotharolemodelandasupportivefriend.

Volunteertutorscomefromallwalksoflife—married,single，withorwithoutchildren.BigBrothersandBigSistersarenotreplacementparentsorsocialworkers.Theyaretutors:

someonetotrust,tohavefunwith,totalkandgotowhenneeded.

ABigSisterandLittleSisterwillgenerallyspendbetweenoneandfourhourstogetherthreeorfourtimeseachmonthforatleasttwelvemonths.Theyenjoysimpleactivitiessuchasapicnicatapark，cooking，playingsportorgoingtoafootballmatch.Theseactivitiesimprovethefriendshipandhelptheyoungpersondeveloppositiveself－respect，confidenceandlifedirection.

BigBrothersBigSistersorganizationsexistthroughouttheworld.Itisthelargestandmostwell－knownprovideroftutorservicesinternationallyandhasbeenoperatingfor25years.

EmilyandSarahhavebeenmatchedsinceMarch2008.Emilyisa10－year－oldgirlwhohasexperiencedsomedifficultiesbeingacceptedbyherschoolmatesatschool.“Iwasprettysuretherewassomethingwrongwithme.”

Emily'smumcameacrossBigBrothersBigSistersandthoughtitwouldbeofbenefittoEmilyby“providingdifferentfeedback（反馈）aboutherselfotherthanjustrelyingonschoolmatestomeasureherself－worth”．

Sarahwantedtogetinvolvedinavolunteerprogramme.“Igoogleditandfoundouthowtobeapartofit.Ithoughtitwouldbefunformetogetinvolvedinmakingtimetodosomethingbecausesometimesit'sallworkandnoplay.”

BigBrothersBigSistershasbeenofgreatbenefitandenjoymenttobothEmilyandSarah.TheyloveandlookforwardtotheirtimetogetherandthepartnershiphascertainlyhelpedEmilybemorecomfortableinbeingthewonderful,happyanduniquegirlsheis!

【语篇解读】　文章主要讲述了BigBrothersBigSisters这样一个项目，该项目为情感上容易受挫折的孩子提供了帮助。

1．WhatistheaimofBigBrothersBigSisters?

A．Toofferstudentspublicservices.

B．Tohelpstudentsimprovetheirgrades.

C．Toorganizesportactivitiesforyoungpeople.

D．Toprovidepartnershipandfunforyoungpeople.

解析：

根据文章第一段第二句“Itisaprogrammewhichprovidesfriendshipandfunbymatchingvulnerableyoungpeople...”可知，这个项目是“通过让成人陪伴一些内心比较脆弱的孩子，从而来提供友谊和乐趣”。

A选项是说为学生提供公共服务；B选项是说帮助学生提高分数；C选项是说为年轻人组织体育活动；D选项是说给年轻人提供友情