英语A级阅读理解.docx

英语A级阅读理解.docx

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英语A级阅读理解

1

Nonverbal（非语言的）communicationhastodowithgestures,movementsandclosenessoftwopeoplewhentheyaretalking.（77）Thescientistssaythatthosegestures,movementsandsoonhavemeaningwhichwordsdonotcarry.

　　Forexample,thebodydistancebetweentwospeakerscanbeimportant.NorthAmericansoftencomplainthatSouthAmericansareunfriendlybecausetheytendtostandclosetotheNorthAmericanwhenspeaking,whiletheSouthAmericanoftenconsiderstheNorthAmericantobe"cold"or"distant"becausehekeepsagreaterdistancebetweenhimselfandthepersonheisspeakingto.The"eyecontact"providesanotherexampleofwhatwearecallingnonverbalcommunication.Scientistshaveobservedthatthereismoreeyecontactbetweenpeoplewholikeeachotherthanthereisbetweenpeoplewhodon'tlikeeachother.（78）Thelengthoftimethatthepersonwhomyouarespeakingtolooksatyoureyesindicatestheamountofinteresthehasinthethingsyouaretalkingabout.

　　Ontheotherhand,toolongagazecanmakepeopleuncomfortable.Theeyesapparentlyplayagreatpartinnonverbalcommunication.Genuinewarmthorinterest,shynessorconfidencecanoftenbeseenintheeyes.Wedonotalwaysconsiderasmiletobeasignoffriendliness.Someonewhoisalwayssmiling,andwithlittleapparentreasons,oftenmakesusuneasy.

　　6.Accordingtothepassage,nonverbalcommunication__________.

　　A.isamethodoftenusedbypeoplewhocannotspeak

　　B.cantellsomethingthatwordscannot

　　C.canbeusedtotalkwithpeoplewhocannotbear

　　D.islessusedthanwords

　　7.TheSouthAmerican__________.

　　A.tendstokeepadistancebetweenhimselfandthepersonheisspeakingto

　　B.usuallystandsclosetothepersonheistalkingto

　　C.isoftenunfriendlywhenspokento

　　D.isoftencoldanddistantwhenspeaking

　　8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

　　A.Lesseyecontactsuggestsdistanceinrelation.

　　B.Thelongeronelooksatyou,themoreinteresthehasinyou.

　　C.Thereismoreeyecontactbetweenpeoplewholikeeachother.

　　D.Shortereyecontactshowsmoreinterestinwhatoneistalkingabout

　　9.Toolongagaze__________.

　　A.mayupsetpeoplebeinglookedat

　　B.showsone'sgreatconfidence

　　C.indicatesone'sinterestinthetalk

　　D.tellsyouhowfriendlyoneis

　　10.Constantsmilingwithoutapparentreason__________.

　　A.isasignofone'sfriendliness

　　B.isasignofone'sunfriendliness

　　C.makespeoplefeelhappy

　　D.makespeoplefeeluncomfortable

Passage3

　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Televisionhasopenedwindowsineverybody'slife.Youngmenwillneveragaingotowarastheydidin1914.Millionsofpeoplenowhaveseentheeffectsofabattle.Andtheresulthasbeenageneraldislikeofwar,andperhapsmoreinterestinhelpingthosewhosufferfromalltheterriblethingsthathavebeenshownonthesc-Teen.

　　Televisionhasalsochangedpolitics.Themostdistantareascannowfollowstateaffairs,seeandhearthepoliticiansbeforeanelection.Betterinformed,peoplearemorelikelytovote,andsotomaketheiropinioncount.

　　Unfortunately,television'sinfluencehasbeenextremelyharnffultotheyoung.（79）ChildrendonothaveenoughexperiencetorealizethatTVshowspresentanunrealworld;thatTVadvertisementslietosellproductsthataresometimesbadoruseless.Theybelievethattheviolencetheyseeisnormalandacceptable.Alleducatorsagreethatthe"televisiongenerations"aremoreviolentthantheirparentsandgrandparents.

　　Also,theyoungarelesspatient.（80）UsedtoTVshows,whereeverythingisquickandinteresting,theydonothavethepatiencetoreadanarticlewithoutpictures;toreadabookthatrequiresthinking;tolistentoateacherwhodoesn'tdofunnythingslikethepeopleonchildren'sprograms.Andtheyexpectallproblemstobesolvedhappilyinten,fifteen,orthirtyminutes.That'sthetimeittakesonthescreen.

　　11.Inthepast,manyyoungpeople__________.

　　A.knewtheeffectsofwar

　　B.wentinforpolitics

　　C.likedtosavethewoundedinwars

　　D.werewillingtobesoldiers

　　12.NowwithTVpeoplecan__________.

　　A.discuspoliticsataninformationcenter

　　B.showmoreinterestinpolitics

　　C.maketheftowndecisionsonpoliticalaffairs

　　D.expresstheiropinionsfreely

　　13.TheauthorthinksthatTVadvertisements__________.

　　A.arenotreliableonthewhole

　　B.areuselesstopeople

　　C.areagoodguidetoadults

　　D.areveryharmfultotheyoung

　　14.WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

　　A.Peoplehavebecomeusedtocrimesnow.

　　B.WithaTVsetsomeproblemscanbesolvedquickly.

　　C.Peoplenowliketoreadbookswithpictures.

　　D.Theadultsarelessviolentthantheyoung.

　　15.Fromthepassage,wecanconcludethat__________.

　　A.childrenshouldkeepawayfromTV

　　B.TVprogramsshouldbeimproved

　　C.children'sbooksshouldhavepictures

　　D.TVhasadeepinfluenceontheyoung

2

　　Aformertownhallworkermadelegalhistorylastweekwhenshewasawarded67,000poundsforstressbroughtonbyherwork.TherulingmadeBeverleyLancasterthefirstpersontogettheiremployertoacceptlegalresponsibilityforstress-relatedpersonalinjuryinaBritishcourt.Itislikelytostartafloodofotherworker’sclaims;Mrs.Lancaster’sunionalreadyhas7,000stress-relatedcasesonitsbooks.

　　The44-year-oldmotheroftwostartedalegalcaseagainstBirminghamCityCouncilafterfallingillwhileworkingasatroubleshooterinaneighborhoodhousingoffice.Dealingwithrudeandabusivemembersofthepublicpushedherintoperiodsofgloomandshesufferedanxiety,Birminghamcountycourtheard.Mrs.Lancasterjoinedthecouncilat16,workingherwayupfromjuniorclerktoseniordraughtswoman.HerproblemsbeganwhenshewaspromotedtohousingofficerinSuttonOldfield."Withnocontinuity,aconstanthighworkloadandlittleclericalsupport,Ifounditdifficulttoswitchfromoneproblemorsituationtoanother,"shesaid."MyconcentrationswungandIsufferedsleeplessnights.ItmademefeellikeIwasinaholewithnokeytoopenthedoor.Iwouldbreakdownintears.Iwasbeinginpaperworkandattimesmymindwouldjustgoblank."

　　Inawardingcompensationof67,491pounds,assistantrecorderFrancesKirkhamsaidsheunderstoodthepositionoftroubleshooterwasverydifferentfromMrs.Lancaster’spreciousjob.SherejectedclaimsfromthecouncilthatMrs.Lancasterwouldbeabletogobacktoherformerprofession,sayingsheacceptedthatthepossibilityoffutureworkwouldbelesscapacity.

　　AfterthehearingMrs.Lancastersaidshewasrelievedandpleased.Sheadded,"Ihopethiswillactasawarningtoemployers.EverythingIdidwasright.Thecouncilmadepromisestomeandtheyfailedme.Ifeltisolated,letdown,thatIwasnotgoodenough,notwanted."Thepayout,thefirstofitskindtobedecidedinacountycourt,coverslossofwagesandfuturelossofearnings.

　　AspokesmanforBirminghamCityCouncilsaidactionhadbeentakenbytheauthoritytoreviewitsstaffandmanagementprocedures.

　　46.Mrs.BeverleyLancasterwasawarded67,000poundsfor______.

　　A.illnesscausedbyherjob

　　B.hersuccessfulandgoodluck

　　C.thecouragesheshowedincourt

　　D.theamountofworkshedid

　　47.Mrs.BeverleyLancastertooklegalactionagainstthecitycouncilbecause______.

　　A.itrefusedtoawardherforherjob

　　B.shehadtodealwithrudemembersofthecouncil

　　C.itwasresponsibleforherproblems

　　D.itdeniedheranyclericalsupport

　　48.TheLancastercaseshowsthatemployeeshavetherighttogetcompensationifthey______.

　　A.aregivenworkthattheyareunabletodo

　　B.suffermentalinjurycausedbytheirwork

　　C.areforcedtodoworkthattheydon’tlike

　　D.feelisolated,letdownandextremelyanxious

　　49.Itcanbeinferredthat______.

　　A.MrLancasterwillfindabetterpaidjobinthefuture

　　B.thejobofdraughtswomanisverydemanding

　　C.thecourtmayhearmorestress-relatedcases

　　D.thejobofhousingofficercausesmentalinjuries

　　50.IfBirminghamCityGouncilplanstomoveanemployeetoanewjob,itwilldefinitelymakesurethat______.

　　A.thereiscontinuitybetweenthetwojobs

　　B.nocomplaintsfromtheemployeeoccur

　　C.theamountofworkisreducedforthenewjob

　　D.theemployeeispreparedforanymentalproblems

Text2

　　Lifelearning（sometimescalledun-schoolingorself-directedlearning）isoneofthoseconceptsthatarealmosteasiertoexplainbysayingwhatitisn’t,thanwhatitis.Andthat’sprobablybecauseourownschooledbackgroundshaveconvincedusthatlearninghappensonlyinadedicatedbuildingoncertaindays,betweencertainhours,andmanagedbyaspeciallytrainedprofessional.

　　Withinthatschoolingframework,nomatterhowhardteacherstryandnomatterhowgoodtheirtextbooks,manybrightstudentsgetbored,manyslowerstudentsstruggleandgiveuporlosetheirself-respect,andmostofthemreachtheendoftheprocessunpreparedtoenterintosociety.Theyhavememorizedacertainbodyofknowledgelongenoughtorushbacktheinformationontests,buttheyhaven’treallylearntmuch,atleastoftheofficialcurriculum.

　　Lifelearners,ontheotherhand,knowthatlearningisnotdifficult,thatpeoplelearnthingsquiteeasilyifthey’renotcompelledandforced,iftheyseeaneedtolearnsomething,andiftheyaretrustedandrespectedenoughtolearnitontheirowntimetable,attheirownspeed,intheirownway.Theyknowthatlearningcannotbeproducedinusandthatwecannotproduceitinothers—nomatterwhatageandnomatterwhetherwe’reatschoolorathome.

　　Li