新视野大学英语第三版第二册第三单元读写答案.docx

新视野大学英语第三版第二册第三单元读写答案.docx

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新视野大学英语第三版第二册第三单元读写答案

Unit3–SectionA

●LanguageFocus–WordsinUse

1.ErnestHemingway'skeeninsightintohissociety,ardentloveforpeopleandperceptiveabilitieshelpedhimtoformhisown（peculiar）characteristicofwriting.

2.Theprojectisonthepointofcollapse,andunlesssomethingvery（radical）isdonetorepairthedamagetherewillbenohopefortheproject.

3.It'snotunusualforteenagerstogothrougha（n）（phase）whentheyfeelashamedoftheirparents,afraidthattheymightnotliveuptotheirfriends'standards.

4.Itis（sensible）foreveryfamilytomakeearthquakeemergencyplansandknowhowtoleavetheareaduringthechaosfollowinganearthquake.

5.Economistsareinterestedinallthefactorsthatcanhelpto（predict）theextenttowhichapricechangewillaffectsupplyanddemandinthemarket.

6.StartingMonday,allfoods（labeled）"organic"mustbeuptothestrictnationalstandardsthatthegovernmentdecidedtoputintoeffectnow.

7.Thereismoretoawomanthanherlooks,soI（resent）thefactthatafterawomangrowsoldandlosesherlookspeoplestoppayingattentiontoher.

8.Apartfromtechnologicaldevelopment,the20thcentury（witnessed）anenormousworldwidepolitical,economicandculturaltransformation.

9.UnlikethepracticeinChina,ifyou'reatahotelrestaurantintheUnitedStates,expecta15-20percentservicechargeoraddthe（equivalent）amountyourself.

10.Thechangeinsmokinghabits（parallels）achangeintheincidenceoflungcancer.Themorepeoplesmoke,themorechancesofoccurrenceforlungcancer.

●WordBuilding

1.chaos

2.drama

3.academic

4.depress

5.detect

6.erode

7.classify

8.confusion

9.cooperation

10.dictation

11.right

12.journalist

1.chaotic

2.dramatic

3.academy

4.depression

5.detection

6.erosion

7.classification

8.confuse

9.cooperate

10.dictate

11.rightist

12.journal

1.Onethingthathelpsyoutolistentoyourthoughtsistokeepa（n）（journal）becauseithelpstorecordvariousinsightsyougainwhendoingdailyactivities.

2.Thecountrywentthrougha（n）（chaotic）periodofsocialandeconomictransformation:

aboominbanking,engineering,scientificresearchandpoliticalthinking.

3.Afterthedisastermanypeoplebegantosuggestthatgovernmentofficesthathelpwithstormpreparations（cooperate）withofficesthatmonitorwildanimals.

4.Eventhoughpeopledidn'texpectmuch,thepresident'sspeechdidlittletopreventthe（erosion）ofpeople'sconfidenceinthegovernment.

5.NewZealand'seconomyhasprobablybeengoingthroughamore（dramatic）revolutionrecentlythanthatofanyotherWesterncountries.

6.ThelanguageteachergavethestudentsashortlistofwordsthatareincommonuseintheUKbutwouldeither（confuse）orevenoffendAmericans.

7.Mymiddledaughterreceivedthreescholarshipstoattendasummermilitary（academy）.Latershebecameourcity'sfirstinternationalforeign-exchangestudent.

8.Systematicsampling（系统抽样）ofWestGermanvoterscarriedoutin1979-1980indicatedthat13percentofallvotersintheFederalRepublicwere（rightists）intheirpoliticalviews.

9.PeoplewhospendmoretimeontheInternetexperiencedmore（depression）andlonelinessthanthosewhospendlesstimeontheNet.

10.Thoughhedidnot（dictate）hisspeechtotheaudience,hewentatapaceslowenoughforthelistenerstotakedownalotofwhathesaid.

11.Speakingofclone,mostofthephysicaldifferencesbetweenoriginalsandcopiesaresominorthat（detection）ofthemwouldrequireasophisticatedlaboratory.

12.Theup-to-date（classification）ofbooksinthenewly-builtschoollibraryhelpsyoutofindthebooksyouwantmorequicklythanbefore.

●BankedCloze

Thereisaspeciallifestagethatourgenerationgoesthrough.Itisthe

（1）（transition）period,duringwhichwemovefromteenagetoadolescence.Welearnwhoweareandwhatwestandforandwhatinspiresus.Also,inthisperiodweare

（2）（saddled）withalotofpressurefromourparentswhowantustomakesomethingoutofourselves.

Myparentshavealreadyexpressedfeelingsof（3）（anxiety）overmyfuturewithacademicsandlife.WhenIexpressedtothemrecentlythatIwouldnotmindgraduatinginfiveyearsinsteadoffourinordertostudyabroadto（4）（acquaint）myselfwiththeworld,theyseemedsoshocked.Thatideasoundedforeignandtothemwas（5）（equivalent）tolackofambition.

Apartfromthat,mymotherhas（6）（expressed）tomethatsheisworriedthatIamnotsearchingforaboyfriend.I（7）（resent）thisstupidideaofmarryingoutofcollegesinceitdoesnotsuitmeonebit.Womentodaycangetwhattheywantoutoflifewithoutaman,evenchildren,asitbecomesmore（8）（acceptable）forwomentoadoptchildren.

IpersonallywanttostayinschoolaslongasIcanto（9）（reinforce）myacademicwork,possiblycompletealawdegreeandstartacareer,andthenafter,andonlyafter,begintothinkabout（10）（shifting）tomarriage.Ifmymathiscorrect,thatmeansIwillbemoreorless"ready"formarriageattheageof29or30,theagewhenmymotherhadme.

●LanguageFocus–ExpressionsinUse

1.Astheresultofherdivorce,shewasobviously（saddledwith）thedoubleburdenofplayingtheroleofbothmotherandfather.

2.Donotbeintimidatedbypeoplewhothinktheyaresmarterthanyou,anddon't（backoff）whenfacingcompetition;innerconfidenceisimportant.

3.Asoursweetchildhood（giveswayto）adolescence'stemptationoflove,webegintolearn,asadults,thatmostpleasuresdonotlastforever.

4.Intheeconomicrecession,employers（resortedto）thereductionofcosts,mostparticularlyinwages,inordertosurviveinthecompetitiveworldmarkets.

5.Peoplefromabroadcantakepartintheintensifiedlanguageprogrambecauseschoolshaveto（makeallowancesfor）studentswhoseEnglishisnottheirfirstlanguage.

6.Talkingaboutnegotiations,onceanagreementismade,theChinesesometimes（wonderat）theslowpaceinwhichWesternersimplementthedecision.

7.Earthquakesoccurwithoutwarning;however,itisclaimedthatsomeanimalscanfeelearthquakes（priorto）occurrencesbecauseoftheirhighlysensitiveorgans.

8.Anallowancecanbe（basedupon/basedon）yourchild'sage,yourownfinancialresources,theexpensesitwillcoverandthegoalsyouandyourchildwishtoaccomplish.

●Translation

●

Ø英译汉

AsanimportantpartoftheAmericanculturevaluesystem,"individualism"isadmiredbymostAmericanpeople.Americansviewthefamilyasagroupwhoseprimarypurposeistoadvancethehappinessofindividualmembers.Incontrasttomanyothercultures,theprimaryresponsibilityoftheAmericanfamilymemberisnottoadvancethefamilyasagroup,eithersociallyoreconomically.Whatwouldbebestforthefamilyisnotusuallyconsideredtobeasimportantaswhatwouldbebestfortheindividual.Withfreedomcomestheresponsibilitytocareforoneself,foritisthefreedomofchoicethatcarrieswithittheresponsibility:

toaccepttheconsequencesofthechoices.ManyAmericansgivetheirchildrenalotoffreedombecausetheywantthemtobeindependentandself-reliant.AlongwiththeAmericanemphasisonindividualfreedom,thebeliefinequalitybetweenparentsandchildrenalsohashadastrongeffectonthefamily.

作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分，"个人主义"受到大多数美国人的推崇。

美国人认为家庭作为一个群体，其主要目的是促进家庭各成员的幸福。

与许多其他文化相比，美国家庭成员的主要职责，不是在社会上或经济上提高整个家庭的地位。

人们通常认为，什么是对个人最好的要比什么是对家庭最好的更为重要。

与自由相伴而来的是照顾自己的责任，因为所选择的自由承载了责任，即必须接受自己的选择所带来的后果。

许多美国人给他们的孩子很多的自由，因为他们希望孩子们能够独立和自力更生。

在美国人强调个人自由的同时，父母与孩子间平等的信念也对美国家庭产生了巨大的影响。

Ø汉译英

孝道（filialpiety）是中国古代社会的基本道德规范（codeofethics）。

中国人把孝视为人格之本、家庭和睦之本、国家安康之本。

由于孝道是儒家伦理思想的核心，它成了中国社会千百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。

它毫无疑问是中华民族的一种传统美德。

孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。

它既有文化理念，又有制度礼仪（institutionaletiquette）。

一般来说，它指社会要求子女对父母应尽的义务，包括尊敬、关爱、赡养老人等等。

孝道是古老的"东方文明"之根本。

FilialpietyisthebasiccodeofethicsinancientChinesesociety.Chinesepeopleconsiderfilialpietyastheessenceofaperson'sintegrity,familyharmony,andthenation'swell-being.WithfilialpietybeingthecoreofConfucianethics,ithasbeenthemoralstandardfortheChinesesocietytomaintainthefamilyrelationshipforthousandsofyears.It'sundoubtedlyatraditionalChinesevirtue.Thecultureoffilialpietyisacomplexconcept,richincontentandwideinrange.Itincludesnotonlyculturalideasbutalsoinstitutionaletiquettes.Generallyspeaking,itreferstotheobligationofchildrentotheirparentsrequiredbythesociety,includingrespect,care,supportfortheelderlyandsoforth.Filialpietyisfundamentaltotheancient"Orientalcivilization".

Unit3–SectionB

●LanguageFocus–WordsinUse

1.Afterhisspeech,theaudiencewonderedifhisgoodintentionswouldbecomerealitiesorwhethertheywouldbejust（hollow）promises.

2.Althougheverychildisdifferent,it'scommonforchildrenatthisagetogetalittleargumentative,（restless）andmoody.

3.Itisbyparticipatingintheseactivitiesthatstudentscan（demonstrate）theirspecialtalents,theirlevelofmaturityandresponsibility,andtheirleadershipqualities.

4.Accordingtowhatweheard,shewas（exiled）fromhercountrythreeyearsagobecauseofherinvolvementintheplotagainstthegovernment.

5.Ifyoucontinuetofeellonelyand（miserable）,youmightconsidercomingtotalktosomeoneattheUniversityCounselingService.

6.Urbancriticsarguethatpeoplelivinginthecitiesreallyenjoyallthecultural,educational,and（commercial）advantagesthatareavailabletothem.

7.Hewasareservedman,soheusually（hesitated）beforehespoke,asifhewerenotsurehowhiswordswouldbereceivedorremarked.

8.Theminers'strikeinJulyshowedhowquicklyworkers'd