高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第四周星期二阅读理解科普知识类+降环保类七选五+语法填空.docx

高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第四周星期二阅读理解科普知识类+降环保类七选五+语法填空.docx

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高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第四周星期二阅读理解科普知识类+降环保类七选五+语法填空

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第四周星期二阅读理解科普知识类+降环保类七选五+语法填空

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

（xx·山东费县二中月考）

Scientistshavebeeninterestedforyearsintheobservationthatratios（比率）offingerlengthsdifferinmenandwomen.Inmen，thering（fourth）fingerisusuallylongerthantheindex（second）;theirsocalled2D：

4Dratioislowerthan1.Infemales，thetwofingersaremorelikelytobethesamelength.Becauseofthissexdifferences，somescientistsbelievethatalowratiocouldbeamarkerforhigherprenatalhormone（产前激素）levels，althoughit’snotclearhowthehormonemightinfluencefingerdevelopment.The2D：

4Dratiohasalsobeenfingeredinconnectionwithbrainrelatedcharacteristics—mostofteninmales—suchasdepression，lefthandedness，musicalability，andhomosexuality.

Inthelatestsuchstudy，psychologistMarkBrosnanandcolleaguesattheUniversityofBathintheUnitedKingdomphotocopiedthehandsof74boysandgirlsaged6and7.Theyparedthemeasurementsofthesecondandfourthfingerswiththechildren’sscoresonastandardUKtestofmathandliteracy.Inboys，thelowertheratio，thebettertheirmathscore，theteamreportsintheMayissueoftheBritishJournalofPsychology.Theboyswiththelowestratiosalsoweretheoneswhoseabilitiesweremostskewedinthedirectionofmathratherthanliteracy.Thesedifferencesaresmallbutsignificant，saysBrosnan.Withthegirls，therewasnocorrelationbetweenfingerrationandnumeracy，butthosewithhigherratios—probablyindicatinglowhormonelevels—hadbetterscoresonverbalabilities.

Thesesexspecificcorrelationsshowhowtrickyitistodefinetherolesofsexhormones，sayspsychologistS.MarcBreedloveofMichiganStateUniversityinEastLansing.Therangeofnormallevelsofthehormoneisdifferentinmalesandfemales，soparablelevelswouldhaveverydifferentmeaningsdependingonthesexoftheindividual.Andthetimingofhormonesurgesisasimportantaslevels.

Nevertheless，Brosnanbelievesfingermeasurementsmightbeusefulforpredictingcognitiveabilities—althoughheacknowledgesthat“wearenotsuggestingthatfingerlengthmeasurementscouldreplaceSATtests”.Othersaremorecautious，pointingoutthatscientistsstillhavenotconfirmedthatfingerratioisareliablemarkerforprenatalhormonelevels.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Scientistsnevershowinterestinpeople’sfingers.

B.Manywomenhavedifferentkindsoffingers.

C.Inmales，theringfingermayequaltheindexinlength.

D.Infemales，theringfingermayequaltheindexinlength.

2.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoBrosnan’sresearch?

A.Supportive.B.Positive.

C.Neutral.D.Indifferent.

3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

A.ingirls，thehighertheratio，thebettertheirmathsscores

B.fingerlengthcontributestopeople’sacademicabilities

C.itiseasytogiveadefinitionoftherolesofsexhormones

D.Brosnanisseriousabouthisresearch

4.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Fingerratioiscriticaltopeople’sfuture.

B.Fingerlengthmeasurementsmaybeuseful.

C.Fingerlengthisrelatedtochildren’sscores.

D.Fingerratioisareliablemakerforhormonelevels.

B

（xx·河南八市测评）

Theworld’spopulationisprojectedtoreach11billionbytheendofthecentury.

Feedingthatmanypeoplewillbeachallenge，anditisfurtherplicatedbytheimpactofclimatechangeonagriculture.Thatiswhysomepeopleadvocateanunusualwaytoboostthefoodsupplyandfeedpeoplesustainablybyeatinglessmeatandmoreinsects.

About2billionpeoplealreadyeatbugs.Mexicansenjoychillytoastedgrasshoppers.ThaistuckintocricketstirfriesandGhanaianssnackontermites.InsectsareslowlycreepingontoWesternmenusasnoveltyitems，butmostpeopleremainsqueamish（拘谨的）.

Yettherearethreereasonswhyeatinginsectsmakessense.

First，theyarehealthierthanmeat.Therearenearly2,000kindsofedibleinsects，manyofthempackedwithprotein，calcium，fiber，ironandzinc.Asmallservingofgrasshopperscancontainaboutthesameamountofproteinasasimilarsizedservingofbeef，buthasfarlessfatandfarfewercalories.

Second，raisinginsectsischeap，orfree.Littletechnologyorinvestmentisneededtoproducethem.Harvestinginsectscouldprovidelivelihoodstosomeoftheworld’spoorestpeople.

Finally，insectsareafarmoresustainablesourceoffoodthanlivestock.Livestockproductionaccountsfornearlyafifthofallgreenhousegasemissions，that’smorethantransport.Bycontrast，insectsproducerelativelyfewgreenhousegasesandraisingthemrequiresmuchlesslandandwater.Andtheyeatalmostanything.

Despiteallthis，mostWesternersfindinsectshardtoswallow.

Onesolutionistouseproteinextractedfrombugsinotherproductssuchasreadymealsandpastasauces.Nothavingtolookatthebugsandemphasizingtheenvironmentalbenefitsmightmaketheideaofeatinginsectsabitmorepalatable.

5.Whatisthedirectreasonwhysomepeopleadvocateeatinginsects?

A.Insufficientfoodsupply.

B.Climatechange.

C.Therapidincreaseofpopulation.

D.Insects’highnutrition.

6.Fromthepassage，wecaninferthat.

A.eatinginsectsishealthierthaneatingbeef

B.eatinginsectsispopularamongWesterners

C.eatinginsectscanhelppeopleloseweight

D.eatinginsectscauseslessdamagetotheenvironment

7.Howcanwemakeitmoreacceptabletoeatinsects?

A.Byclosingyoureyeswheneatinginsects.

B.Byeatinginsectstogetherwithotherfood.

C.Byputtinginsects’nutrientsintootherfoodproducts.

D.Byconsideringtheenvironmentalbenefitsofeatinginsects.

Ⅱ.七选五

（xx·广东华南师范大学附中月考）

Thankstoexpensivedatafees，youmightbetemptedtologontothatfreepublicWiFiservicewhileyou’reoutandabout.8

“Thinkaboutthecostofbeingconnectedallthetime.Nothingisfree，”DavidLee，aproductmanagerforNorton，toldCNBC.“9”TheHarvardBusinessReviewagrees：

“You’retakingariskeverytimeyoulogontoafreenetworkinacoffeeshop，hotellobby，orairportlounge.”

10AccordingtoasurveybythepanySymantic,87percentofU.S.consumershaveusedapublicInternetconnection.Anditwasfoundthatover70percentofthemcheckedtheirpersonalemailthroughpublicWiFi，while11percentloggedontotheironlinebankingaccount.

NomatterhowsafetheWiFiconnectionseemstobe，usingitleavesyourputerorsmartphoneeasytobeattackedbyhackersanddatathieves.Youdon’treallyknowwhoownsandmonitorsthatrouter，norwhohasaccesstothedatathatpassesthroughit.Nottomention，hackershavedozensofwaystopromisepublicWiFiaccounts，fromcreatinganetworkthatappearslegaltocreatingpopupsthattricktheuserintodownloadingmalware（恶意软件）ontotheirputers.11

Toprotectyourselfagainsthackers，expertssayyourbestdefenseisavirtualprivatenetwork（VPN），whichencrypts（加密）youronlineactivity.YoucandownloadyourveryownVPNthroughanappforAppleorAndroiddevices，orbyusingthefreeencryptionserviceCyberGhost.12Butbeforeyouevenstartbrowsing，usethiswebsitetomakeapasswordthatkeepsyousafefromhackers.

A.TheseareallofthetrickshackersusetohackyourInternetsecurity.

B.Thatcansaveyoualotoftrouble.

C.Thebiggestthreatisthatyourdataandidentitycouldbepletelyexposed.

D.Don’tletconvenienceoutweightheconsequences，though.

E.Settingupfirewallsandantivirussoftwarewillalsodefendyourputeragainsthackers.

F.Unfortunately，mostpeopleareunawareofthedangers.

GHackersusuallystealdatainthisway.

Ⅲ.语法填空

（xx·河南漯河高级中学模拟）

OverandoveragainImeetbabiesdesperately13.（try）to“read”amagazinewithfingers.Iamconstantlyshocked：

Howcantheseparentsstayateasewhentheirkids14.（harm）somuchfromtechnology？

Howonearthcantheynotknowwhatamagazineisinotherways?

ResearchersfromCanadalookedatthis.Theresultswerenotgood，especiallyforyoungerchildren.Theyfoundthatparentsthatusedtechnologytoomuchnegativelyaffectedtheir15.（children）senseofsecurity.Besides，babiesneedimagination，notinstantsatisfaction，whichis16.screensoftenprovide.“Babiesareoftendistressedandputintobadmoodwhentheyturntotheirparent17.aconnectionanddiscovertheparentisuninterested，”theywrote.

Beinginvolvedintoomanyelectronicdevices（设备）18.（be）bad.Buttheideathatparentsshouldspendalloftheirfreetimeensuringkidsarewelldevelopedisactuallyamodernconcept—andan19.（absolute）unrealisticone.OurkidswilljustbefineifwehandovertheiPadatarestauranttohaveagrownupconversation.

I’mcertainlynotarguingthathoursuponhoursofscreentimeisagoodideaforkids,20.thatweshouldn’ttrytohavetheirview21.（broad）.Butwhoamongusdidn’tgiveourparents22.muchneededweekendbreakbysittinginfrontofSaturdaymorningcartoons?

答案精析

Ⅰ.

语篇解读　本文讲述的是无名指和食指的测量可能是有用的，因为我们可以通过测量来预测激素水平。

1.D　[细节理解题。

根据第一段第二、三句可知男性无名指通常比食指长，女性无名指和食指差不多一样长。

故选D。

]

2.C　[观点态度题。

第二段作者只是陈述MarkBrosnan研究的过程和结果；最后一段作者分别陈述了Brosnan的观点和其他人的看法。

文中作者并没有表达自己的观点，所以说作者对Brosnan的研究持中立观点，故选C。

]

3.D　[推理判断题。

根据第二段最后一句可知，女孩无名指和食指比率越高，语言能力越强，故A项错误。

根据最后一段中的“wearenotsuggestingthatfingerlengthmeasurementscouldreplaceSATtests”可知，手指长度不能代替学业测试，故B项错误。

根据第三段第一句可知C项错误。

根据第二段前两句可知，Brosnan对这项研究很严肃认真。

故选D项。

]

4.B　[主旨大意题。

文章分析了男性和女性无名指和食指的比率不同，对学习内容有一定的影响，由此表明对手指长度研究的作用。

最后一段首句也是提示。

故选B。

]

语篇解读　由于未来世界人口的持续增长，食物供应明显不足，所以有人提议吃昆虫，本文对吃昆虫的好处进行了分析。

5.A　[细节理解题。

根据文章第二段的内容可知，一些人提倡吃昆虫的最直接的原因就是食物供应不足，故选A。

]

6.D　[推理判断题。

根据倒数第三段内容尤其是最后两句“Bycontrast，insectsproducerelativelyfewgreenhousegasesandraisingthemrequiresmuchlesslandandwater.Andtheyeatalmostanything.”可推断出人类吃昆虫对环境造成的危害更少，故选D。

]

7.C　[细节理解题。

由文章最后一段可知，把昆虫的营养物质放入其他食物里，这样我们更容易接受吃昆虫，故选C。

]

Ⅱ.

语篇解读　这篇短文介绍了很多人连接公共网络可能会存在一些隐私被侵犯或者泄露的风险，并提供了应对方法。

8.D　[根据