英语四级考试阅读理解汇编.docx
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英语四级考试阅读理解汇编
2021年12月英语四级考试阅读理解汇编
【篇一】2021年12月英语四级考试阅读理解汇编 Forcenturies,inthecountriesofsouthandSoutheastAsiatheelephanthasbeenanintimatepartoftheculture,economyandreligion,andnowheremoresothaninThailand.UnlikeitsAfricancousin,theAsianelephantiseasilydomesticated(驯化).Therareso-calledwhiteelephantshaveactuallylenttheauthorityofkingshiptoitsrulersanduntilthe1920sthenationalflagwasawhiteelephantonaredbackground.TotheearlyWesternvisitorsthecountry’sromanticnamewas“LandoftheWhiteElephant”. Today,however,thestoryisverydifferent.Outofworkandoutofland,theThaielephantstrugglesforsurvivalinanationthatnolongerneedsit.Theelephanthasfounditselfmoreorlessabandonedbypreviousownerswhohavemovedontoadifferenteconomicworldandawesternizedsociety.Andwhiletheelephant’sproblemsbeganmanyyearsago,nowitratesaverylownationalpriority. Howthisreversalfromnationalicon(圣像)toneglectedanimalcameaboutisataleofworseningenvironmentalandthechanginglivesoftheThaisthemselves.AccordingtoRichardLair,Thailand’sexpertsontheAsianelephantandauthorofthereportGoneAstray,attheturnofthecenturytheremaywellhavebeenasmanyas100,000domesticelephantsinthecountry.InthenorthofThailandaloneitwasestimatedthatmorethan20,000elephantswereemployedintransport,1,000ofthemaloneontheroadbetweenthecitiesofChiangMaiandChiangSaen.Thiswasatatimewhen90percentofThailandwasstillforest―ahabitat(栖息地)thatnotonlysupportedtheanimalsbutalsomadethemnecessarytocarrygoodsandpeople.Nothingploughsthroughdenseforestbetterthanamassivebutsure-footedelephant. By1950theelephantpopulationhaddroppedtoastillsubstantial13,397,buttodaythereareprobablynomorethan3,800,withanother1,350roamingfreeinthenationalparks.Butnow,Thailand’sforestcoversonly20percentoftheland.Thisdeforestation(采伐森林)isthecentralpointoftheelephant’sdifficultsituation,forithaseffectivelyputtheanimalsoutofwork.Thiscentury,astheroadnetworkgrew,sotheelephant’sroleasabeastofburdendeclined. 练习题:
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.WhatcanweknowaboutAfricanelephantsfromthepassage?
A.Itiseasytotamethem. B.Itishardtotamethem. C.TheyarelivingabetterlifethanAsianelephants. D.TheirfateisquitesimilartothatofAsianelephants. 2.Thailandwasoncecalled“LandoftheWhiteElephant”because_______. A.whiteelephantisrarelyseenandthusveryspecial B.whiteelephantwasanationalsymboluntilthe1920s C.whiteelephanthashelpedkingstogaintherulingauthority D.thisnamewassoromanticthatitwaspopularamongvisitors 3.WhyistheThaielephant“outofwork”,accordingtotheauthor?
A.Becausetheelephantsarenolongerusefultotheirowners. B.Becausetheirownersarewesternizedandneglectthem. C.Becausethegovernmentpayslittleattentiontotheproblem. D.Becausetherearetoomanyelephantsandtoofewjobs. 4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheelephantpopulationatvarioustimes?
A.Therewere100,000tamedelephantsattheturnofthecentury. B.20,000elephantswereemployedintransportinThailandattheturnofthecentury. C.By1950theelephantpopulationinThailandhasbeenquitesmall. D.Todaytheelephantpopulationisestimatedat5,150. 5.Thepassageismostprobablyfrom_______. A.atravelmagazine B.ahistorybook C.aresearchreport D.anofficialannouncement 1.[B]事实环节题。
本题考查对比处。
依据文章第l段第3句:
和非洲象不同,亚洲象简约驯养,言下之意就是:
非洲象不易驯养。
答案中用tame替代原文的domesticate,意思相同。
选项A与原文意思正好相反;选项C,D原文根本未提到。
2.[B]推理判断题。
依据文章第l段第4句中的“untilthe1920sthenationalflagwasawhiteelephantonaredbackground.”可知当时白象是泰国的国家象征,因此B为正确选项。
本题干扰性的是选项D,在形式上,选项D与第1段最末一句极为相像,但是,游客这样称呼泰国,缘由也是由于白象是泰国的象征,而不只是由于这个名字浪漫,因此,选项D是对原文的曲解;选项A和选项C虽然也来自文章,但不是缘由,不能回答所提问题。
3.[A]推理判断题。
文章有几处说明白大象失业的缘由,如第2段的第2句“anationthatnolongerneedsit(Thaielephant)”及最末一段的最末一句“theelephant’sroleasabeastofburdendeclined”等。
选项A是对这些说明的一个基本概括。
选项B中westernized和neglect虽在文章中涌现,但选项B只是对想像的描述,不能说明大象“失业”的缘由。
选项C来自第2段最末一句话,但这句话只能说明大象不再受重视,不能作为大象“失业”的理由。
选项D原文未提及,而且,从第3、4段可以看出:
大象的数量急剧下降,谈不上“太多”。
4.[D]事实环节题。
此题考查的是大象数量转变的状况。
四个选项中的数字惟有选项D没有径直涌现,但依据第4段第l句很简约推算出来。
选项A和B虽用了原文的数据,但选项A忽视了may这个词,而且未点明泰国,故不妥。
B则忽视了inthenorthofThailand及morethan这两处。
选项C中的small与原文substantial(大量的)冲突,也不对。
5.[C]主旨大意题。
从本文所用的大量客观的数据和数字可以推断这是一篇争辩报告。
本文趣味性不足,因此不能选A。
选项B不能选,是由于历史书不可能如此大篇幅的描述大象的问题。
选项D也不是正确答案,由于政府公告通常是一些规定,而不是客观的陈述。
【篇二】2021年12月英语四级考试阅读理解汇编 Japanisgettingtoughaboutrecycling―andnotinthepaperandplastickindofway.Recently,thecountryrequiresthatallelectronicgoods―TVs,VCRs,stereos,andmore―berecycled.Butrecyclingwillnotbelefttoconsumers,instead,thedeviceswillbesenttotheoriginalmanufacturerforproperdisposal. Thenewlawposesafewchallengestomanufacturerswhoarenowrushingtosetupcollectionnetworksandperfectingtechniquestodisassembleandrecycleolderproducts.Withaneyetowardthefuture,theyarealsointegratingeasilyrecycledmaterialsintonewproducts.Plastics,amajorcomponentofmostelectronicproducts,poseaparticularobstaclebecausetheirqualitybecomesworseandworsewithage,losingstrengthandflexibilityevenifreprocessed.NECCorp.overcomesthisproblembycreatingaplasticssandwich,inwhichthefillingis100percentrecycledplasticandtheouterlayersamixtureof14percentrecycledmaterial.TheresultingplastichassufficientstrengthandtoughnessforuseasacasefordesktopPCs.Thecompany,incooperationwithplasticmakerSumitomoDow,hasalsodevelopedanewplastic,whichengineersclaimretainsitsmechanicalpropertiesthroughrepeatedrecycling.NECusestheplastic,whichisalsoflame-retardant(阻燃的)inbatterycasesfornotebookPCs. Meanwhile,MatsushitaElectric,makerofthePanasonicbrand,isavoidingplasticinfavorofmagnesium(镁).Magnesium,saysthecompany,isidealforrecyclingbecauseitretainsitsoriginalstrengththroughrepeatedreprocessing.Matsushitahasdevelopedmoldingtechniquestoformmagnesiumintothecasefora21-inchTV.Unfortunately,themagnesiumcaseandenergy-savingfeaturesmaketheTVabouttwiceasexpensiveasanordinarymodel.Thecompanyhopes,however,thatincreaseduseofmagnesiumwilleventuallybringpricesdown. 练习题:
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.AccordingtothepresentregulationsofJapan,therecyclingofpaperandplasticwillbetheresponsibilityof______. A..thegovernment B.themanufacturers C.theconsumers D.thesellers 2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthecharacterofplastics?
A.Mostelectronicproductscontainplastics. B.Itretainsitsoriginalstrengththroughreprocessing. C.Recycledplasticscanbeintegratedintonewproducts. D.Plasticswillloseflexibilityafteracertainperiodoftime. 3.Accordingtothepassage,theterm“plasticsandwich”refersto_____. A.akindofsandwich-shapedtoymadeofplastics B.akindofplasticswithdifferentintegrationineachlayer C.akindofplasticswithmaximumstrengthandflexibility D.akindofplasticsmadeof100%recycledmaterials 4.Inthepassage,itisimpliedbutNOTstatedthat_____. A.disposingtheplasticsisoneofNECCorp’sbusinesses B.magnesiumisanidealmaterialforthecaseofTV C.21-inchTVwithmagnesiumcaseisn’tverypopularsofar D.magnesiummustbebetterthantheplastics 5.Theauthorwritesthispassageinorderto_____. A.inform B.instruct C.predict D.persuade 1.[C]推理判断题。
文章首段提到了电子产品的回收利用与纸张和塑料不同;本段最末一句中的but表明白以上不同点在于电子产品的回收不依靠消费者,而依靠生产者。
结合以上两点,可以推断纸张和塑料的回收利用主要靠消费者,因此选项C为正确答案。
2.[B]事实环节�}。
本题考�肆芯俅Α5�2段第3句列举了塑料的特性,对比选项和该句,就能发觉文中明确提到选项A、C、D,而选项B显着与原文意思相反。
3.[B]事实环节题。
本题考�烁春暇涞睦斫狻5�2段第4句是一个非限制性定语从句,是plasticssandwich的定义,选项B是对该定语从句所述�~实的总结,因此选项B正确。
选��A在文中没有提及;选项C中的maximum是对原文sufficient的曲解;选项D中的100%这一数据不精确,文中只提到plasticssandwich里层是100%的再生塑料。
4.[C]推理判断题。
本题考�俗�折处。
最末一段倒数第2句中的Unfortunately一词指出了用镁作机壳的电视机很贵,从而默示它们并不受消费者欢迎,所以选项C正确。
选项A属原文明确表达的意思。
本段第2句只指出镁是一种抱负的再生材料(idealforrecycling),因此选项B不对;全文并未比较塑料和镁哪个更好,因此选项D不对。
5.[A]主旨大意题。
文中作者只是客观地描述�~实,�讨�读者日本的电子产品再循环运用的一些新转变和新技术,抓住这个主旨就能选出正确答案A。
作者并未发表任何个人观点,也未做出任何指示或�A测。
【篇三】2021年12月英语四级考试阅读理解汇编 Asubjectwhichseemstohavebeeninsufficientlystudiedbydoctorsandpsychologistsistheinfluenceofgeographyandclimateonthepsychologicalandphysicalhealthofmankind.Thereseemsnodoubtthatthegeneralcharacterofthelandscape,therelativelengthofdayandnight,andtheclimatemustallplayabigpartindeterminingwhatkindofpeopleweare. Itistruethatafewstudieshavebeenmade.Wherealltheinhabitantsofaparticularareaenjoyexceptionallygoodorbadhealth,scientistshaveidentified.contributoryfactorssuchasthepresenceorabsenceofsubstanceslikeiodine,fluoride,calcium,orironinthewatersupply,orperhapstypesoflandthatprovidebreedingplacesforpestslikemosquitoesorrats. Moreover,wecanallgeneralizeabouttypesofpeoplewehavemet.Thoselivingincountries.withlongdarkwintersareapttobelesstalkativeandlessvivaciousthaninhabitantsofcountrieswheretheclimateismoreequable(稳定的).Andwheretheoliveandtheorangegrow,theretheinhabitantsarecheerful,talkative,andspontaneous. Butthesecommonplacegeneralizationsareinadequate:
theinfluence:
ofclimateandgeographyshouldbestudiedindepth.Doallmountaindwellerslivetoaripeoldage?
Doesthedrinkingofwine,ratherthanbeer,resultinasunnyandopentemperament?
IsthestrengthandheightofoneoftheKenyantribesduetotheirhabitualdrinkingofthebloodofcows