初三英语专题宾语从句.docx
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初三英语专题宾语从句
初三专题-宾语从句
1.宾语从句的概念:
在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。
eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)
HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)
MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)
2.宾语从句三注意
1)语序:
陈述句语序(主谓语序)
Idon’tknowwhattheyarelookingfor.
Couldyoutellmewhenthetrainwillleave?
Canyouimaginewhatkindofmanheis?
易错点:
主系表结构(主系表结构中特殊疑问词本身就是主语)
如:
1.Iwanttoknowwhat’sthematterwithyou.
2.Canyoutellmewhat’swrongwithyou?
类似的还有:
What’sup?
等
2)引导词
(1).从句为陈述句,引导词用that,口语中常常省略。
.:
Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.
(2)从句为一般疑问句或选择疑问句,用whether或if
.:
Iwonderif/whetheryouhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.
If和whether用法的区别:
一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况只能用whether:
1)前方有介词Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepicnic.
2)后有不定式Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.
3)whether…ornot千万要一起:
Couldyoutellmewhetheryougoornot?
练习:
1.Idon’tknow__________hewillcomeornot.
2.Itdependson_________itwillbeafineday.
3.Idon’tknow_________togothereatonce.
4.Iwillcallthepolice________Iseethethief.
5.Hecouldnotdecide_________heshouldtellTomthenews.
A.ifB.whetherC.iforwhether
(注意if引导条件状语从句)
(3)特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用特殊疑问词
.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou?
3)时态:
主句
直接引语间接引语
时态变化
1.Theteacherasks
Areyoujoking?
现在进行
asks
asked
Ifwearejoking.
现在进行时
Ifwewerejoking.
过去进行时
2.Theoldmansays
says
said
IlikeJayChou.
一般现在时
3.Iwanttoknow
Want
Wanted
Wheredidyoufindyourwatch?
一般过去时
4.StudentAtellsme
tells
told
Ihavefinishedmyhomework.
现在完成时
5.Imakeadecision
make
made
IwillgototheCenturyParktomorrow.
一般将来时
Tenyearsago,myteachertoldme
Theearthturnsaroundthesun.
Couldyoutellme
Whatareyoudoing?
时态小结:
主现,从不变;主过,从限过;真理规律永一现
4)人称变化:
一随主,二随宾,三不变
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。
从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:
•She said. "My brother wants to goshopping with me.”
•→She said her brotherwanted to goshopping with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。
从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。
如果引号外的主句没有宾语。
也可以用第一人称,如:
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?
”
→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
“三不变”是指直接引语变间接引语时。
如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:
Mr. Smith said,“Jack is a good boy.”
→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good boy.
宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词。
(引语直接变间接,人称变化莫忘记。
)
主句若为现在时,从句时态随句意主句若为过去时,从句时态变过去
宾从若是表真理,时态不变无质疑语序要用陈述句,切莫照搬疑问句
That连接陈述句,一般问句用if(whether)特殊问句作宾从,疑问词引导就能行.
3.宾语从句考查形式
选择题:
(排除法:
语序,时态,引导词)
1.Hewantedtoknow_______theEnglishparty.
A.whenwillwehaveB.whenwewillhave
C.whenwouldwehaveD.whenwewouldhave
2.---WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?
----Sorry.Idon’tknow_______..
A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroad
C.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad
句型转换:
1)直接引语变间接引语:
2)两个简单句变宾从复合句
3)宾从复合句变简单句:
从句主语和主句主语或者间接宾语一致的时候,宾语从句可以变成特殊疑问词+todo的结构:
如:
a)Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.
b)Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.
c)CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepark?
→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?
1.Sherryasked,“AreyougoingtovisittheScienceMuseumtomorrow?
”(改为宾语从句)
Sherryaskedme______I______goingtovisittheScienceMuseumthenextday.
2.WhenwillthetruthofthemissingflightMH370comeout?
Manypeoplewondered.(改为宾语从句)
Manypeoplewondered_________thetruthofthemissingflightMH370_________comeout.
3.CouldyoutellmehowIcanworkouttheproblemassoonaspossible?
(简单句)
Couldyoutellmeworkouttheproblemassoonaspossible?
4.TomaskedKitty,"Areyoupreparingforyourspeechcontestnow?
"(合成宾语从句)
TomaskedKitty________waspreparingforherspeechcontestthen.
whetherwaswould3.Howtowhethershe
课堂练习:
一.单项选择
1.Someofmyfriendsareinterestinginscience,butnoneofthemcantell_______..
A.whenUFOswillappearnexttimeB.whydohorsesknowtheway
C.wherewasthiskindofplantfoundD.howdoelephantscommunicate
2.---WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?
----Sorry.Idon’tknow_______..
A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroad
C.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad
3.---MayIcomein?
I’msorryIamlate.
----Comein,please.Butcouldyoupleasetellme_______.?
A.whyyouarelateagainB.whatwereyoudoingthen
C.whoyoutalkedwithD.howdoyoucometoschool
4.---Couldyoupleasetellme_______.?
----Buswilltakeyourightthere.
A.whereisHenanMuseumB.whatHenanMuseumislike
C.howcanIgettoHenanMuseumD.whichbusIshalltaketoHenanMuseum