最新大学英语六级阅读理解及答案.docx
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最新大学英语六级阅读理解及答案
ReadingComprehensionforCET6
Passage1
Inthe1962movieLawrenceofArabia,onesceneshowsanAmericannewspaperreportereagerlysnappingphotosofmenlootingasabotagedtrain.Oneofthelooters,ChiefAudaabuTayioftheHoweitatclan,suddenlynoticesthecameraandsnatchesit.AmIinthis?
heasks,beforesmashingitopen.Tothedismayedreporter,Lawrenceexplains,Hethinksthesethingswillstealhisvirtue.Hethinksyou'reakindofthief.
Assoonascolonizersandexplorersbegantakingcamerasintodistantlands,storiesbegancirculatingabouthowindigenouspeoplessawthemastoolsforblackmagic.Theignorantnativesmayhavehadapoint.Whenphotographyfirstbecameavailable,scientistswelcomeditasamoreobjectivewayofrecordingfarawaysocietiesthanearlytravelers'exaggeratedaccounts.Butinsomeways,anthropologicalphotographsrevealmoreabouttheculturethatholdsthecamerathantheonethatstaresback.Upintothe1950sand1960s,manyethnographerssoughtpurepicturesofprimitivecultures,routinelydeletingmodernaccoutrementssuchasclocksandWesterndress.Theypaidmenandwomentore-enactritualsortoposeasmembersofwarorhuntingparties,oftenwithlittleregardforveracity.EdwardCurtis,thelegendaryphotographerofNorthAmericanIndians,forexample,gotoneMakahmantoposeasawhalerwithaspearin1915--eventhoughtheMakahhadnothuntedwhalesinageneration.
Thesephotographsreinforcedwidelyacceptedstereotypesthatindigenouscultureswereisolated,primitive,andunchanging.Forinstance,NationalGeographicmagazine'sphotographshavetaughtmillionsofAmericansaboutothercultures.AsCatherineLutzandJaneCollinspointoutintheir1993bookReadingNationalGeographic,themagazinesinceitsfoundingin1888haskeptatraditionofpresentingbeautifulphotosthatdon'tchallengewhite,middle-classAmericanconventions.Whiledark-skinnedwomencanbeshownwithouttops,forexample,whitewomen'sbreastsaretaboo.Photosthatcouldunsettleordisturb,suchasareasoftheworldtornasunderbywarorfamine,arediscardedinfavorofthosethatreassure,toconformwiththesociety'sstatedpledgetopresentonlykindlyvisionsofforeignsocieties.Theresult,LutzandCollinssay,isthedepictionofanidealizedandexoticworldrelativelyfreeofpainorclassconflict.
LutzactuallylikesNationalGeographicalot.Shereadthemagazineasachild,anditslushimageryinfluencedhereventualchoiceofanthropologyasacareer.Shejustthinksthataspeoplelookatthephotographsofothercultures,theyshouldbealerttothechoiceofcompositionandimages.
1.Themainideaofthepassageis______________.
[A]PhotographstakenbyWesternexplorersreflectmoreWesterners’perceptionoftheindigenousculturesandtheWesternvalues.
[B]ThereisacomplicatedrelationshipbetweentheWesternexplorersandtheprimitivepeoples.
[C]PopularmagazinessuchasNationalGeographicshouldshowpicturesoftheexoticandidealizedworldstomaintainhighsales.
[D]Anthropologistsaskthenativestoposefortheirpictures,compromisingthetruthfulnessoftheirpictures.
2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatearlytravelerstothenativelandsoften_________.
[A]tookpictureswiththenatives
[B]gaveexaggeratedaccountsofthenativelands
[C]askforpicturesfromthenatives
[D]gavethenativesclocksandWesterndresses
3.TheauthormentionsthemovieLawrenceofArabiato___________.
[A]showhowpeopleintheindigenoussocietiesareportrayedbyWesterners.
[B]illustratehowpeoplefromprimitivesocietiesseecamerasastoolsofblackmagicthatstealtheirvirtues.
[C]showhowanthropologistsportrayuntruthfulpicturesofnativepeople.
[D]showthecruelandbarbariansideofthenativepeople.
4.“Butinsomeways,anthropologicalphotographsrevealmoreabouttheculturethatholdsthecamerathantheonethatstaresback.”Inthissentence,the“one[culture]thatstaresback”refersto_______.
[A]theindigenousculture
[B]theWesternculture
[C]theacademicculture
[D]thenewsbusinessculture
5.WithwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldCatherineLutzmostprobablyagree?
[A]ReportersfromtheWesternsocietiesshouldroutinelydeletemodernelementsinpicturestakenoftheindigenoussocieties.
[B]TheprimitiveculturesareinferiortothemoreadvancedWesternculture.
[C]Thewesternmediaarenotpresentingarealisticpictureofthefarawaysocieties.
[D]PeopleintheWesternnewsbusinessshouldtrynottochallengethewell-establishedwhitemiddle-classvalues.
答案:
ABBAC
Passage2
TheBritishMedicalJournalrecentlyfeaturedastrongresponsetowhatwasjudgedaninappropriatelylenientreactionbyamedicalschooltoastudentcheatinginanexamination.Althoughwehaveinsufficientreliabledataabouttheextentofthisphenomenon,itsprevention,oritseffectivemanagement,muchcanbeconcludedandactedupononthebasisofcommonsenseandconceptswithfacevalidity.
Thereisgeneralagreementthatthereshouldbezerotoleranceofcheatinginaprofessionbasedontrustandoneonwhichhumanlivesdepend.Itisreasonabletoassumethatcheatersinmedicalschoolwillbemorelikelythanotherstocontinuetoactdishonestlywithpatients,colleagues,insurers,andgovernment.
Thebehavioursunderquestionaremultifactorialinorigin.Therearefamilial,religious,andculturalvaluesthatareacquiredlongbeforemedicalschool.Forexample,countries,cultures,andsubculturesexistwherebribesanddishonestbehaviourarealmostanorm.Therearesecondaryschoolsinwhichneitherstaffnorstudentstoleratecheatingandotherswherecheatingisrampant;therearehomeswhichimbueyoungpeoplewithhighstandardsofethicalbehaviourandotherswhichleaveethicaltrainingtotheharmfulinfluenceoftelevisionandthemarketplace.
Medicalschoolsreflectsocietyandcannotbeexpectedtoremedyalltheillsofasociety.Theselectionprocessofmedicalstudentsmightbeexpectedtofavourcandidateswithintegrityandpositiveethicalbehaviour—ifonehadareliablemethodfordetectingsuchcharacteristicsinadvance.Medicalschoolsshouldbethemajorfocusofattentionforimbuingfuturedoctorswithintegrityandethicalsensitivity.Unfortunatelytherearetroubling,ifinconclusive,datathatsuggestthatduringmedicalschooltheethicalbehaviourofmedicalstudentsdoesnotnecessarilyimprove;indeed,moraldevelopmentmayactuallystoporevenregress.
Thecreationofapervasiveinstitutionalcultureofintegrityisessential.Itiscriticalthattheacademicandclinicalleadersoftheinstitutionsetapersonalexampleofintegrity.Medicalschoolsmustmaketheirinstitutionalpositionandtheirexpectationsofstudentsabsolutelyclearfromdayone.Thedevelopmentofaschool'scultureofintegrityrequiresapartnershipwiththestudentsinwhichtheyplayanactiveroleinitscreationandnurturing.Moreover,theschool'sexaminationsystemandgeneraltreatmentofstudentsmustbeperceivedasfair.Finally,thetreatmentofinfractionsmustbefirm,fair,transparent,andconsistent.
6.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcheatinginmedicalschools?
[A]Extensiveresearchhasbeendoneaboutthisphenomenon.
[B]Wehavesufficientdatatoprovethatpreventionisfeasible.
[C]Wearesafetoconcludethatthisphenomenonexistsonagrandscale.
[D]Reliabledataabouttheextent,preventionandmanagementofthephenomenonislacking.
7.Accordingtotheauthor,itisimportanttopreventcheatinginmedicalschoolsbecause____________.
[A]Themedicalprofessionisbasedontrust.
[B]Thereiszerotoleranceofcheatinginmedicine.
[C]Themedicalprofessiondependsonthegovernment.
[D]Cheatingexistsextensivelyinmedicalschools.
8.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthecause(s)ofcheating?
[A]Family,cultureandsocietyplayanactivepart.
[B]Badschoolenvironmentistheleadingcauseofstudentcheating.
[C]Parentsarealwaystoblamefortheirchildren’scheatingbehaviour.
[D]CheatingexistsprimarilybecausestudentslearnbadthingsfromTV.
9.Accordingtotheauthor,whatprecautionsshouldmedicalschoolstaketopreventstudentsfromcheating?
[A]Medicalschoolsshouldestablishafirmmoralstandardtoweedoutapplicantswithlowintegrity.
[B]Medicalschoolsshouldmakeeffortstoremedytheillsofasociety.
[C]Medicalschoolsshouldteachfuturedoctorsintegrityandethicalvalues.
[D]Thereisnothingmedicalschoolscandotoimprovetheethicalbehaviouroftheirstudents.
10.Theauthorwillprobablyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements?
[A]Medicalschoolsshouldmakeexamseasierforthestudentstoalleviatethefiercecompetition.
[B]Prominentfiguresinthemedicalinstitutionshouldcreateasetofmoralstandardstobeappliedinmedicalschools.
[C]Medicalstudentsshouldplayanactiveroleinthecreationandpreservationofacultureofintegrity.
[D]Thosestudentswhocheatintheexamsshouldbeinstantlyexpelledfromschool.
答案:
DAACC
Passage3
Abigfocusofthecriticismofcomputergameshasconcernedthecontentofthegamesbeingplayed.Whenthenarrativesofthegamesareanalyzedtheycanbeseentofallintosomegenres.ThetwogenresmostpopularwiththechildrenIinterviewedwere‘Platformers’and‘Beat-them-ups.’PlatformgamessuchasSonicandSuperMarioinvolveleapingfromplatformtoplatform,avoidingobstacles,movingonthroughthelevels,andprogressingthroughthedifferentstagesofthegame.Beat-them-upsarethegameswhichhavecausedconcernovertheirviolentcontent.Thesegamesinvolvefightsbetweenanimatedcharacters.Inmanywaysthisviolencecanbecomparedtoviolencewithinchildren’scartoonswhereacharacterishitovertheheadorfallsofacliffbutwalksawayunscathed.