届高考英语阅读理解和短文改错自练测试11.docx

届高考英语阅读理解和短文改错自练测试11.docx

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届高考英语阅读理解和短文改错自练测试11

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

Whatmakesapersonascientist？

Doeshehavewaysortoolsoflearningthataredifferentfromthoseofothers？

Theansweris“NO”．Itisnotwhatthetoolsthatascientistusesbuthowheusesthesetoolsthatmakeshimascientist.Youwillprobablyagreethatknowinghowtousethepowerisimportanttoacarpenter（木匠）．Youwillprobablyagree，too，thatknowinghowtoinvestigate（调查），howtodiscoverinformation，isimportanttoeveryone.Thescientist，however，goesonestepfurther，hemustbesurethathehasareasonableanswertohisquestionsandthathisanswercanbeconfirmed（确认）byotherpersons.Healsoworkstofittheanswershegetstomanyquestionsintoalargesetofideasabouthowtheworldworks.

Thescientist’sknowledgemustbeexact.Thereisnoroomforhalfrightorrightjusthalfthetime.Hemustbeasnearlyrightastheconditionspermit.Whatworksunderonesetofconditionssometimesmustworkunderthesameconditionsatothertimes.Iftheconditionsaredifferent，anychangesthescientistobservesinademonstration（演示）mustbeexplainedbythechangesintheconditions.Thisisonereasonthatinvestigationsareimportantinscience.AlbertEinstein，whodevelopedthetheoryofrelativity，arrivedatthistheorythroughmathematics.Theaccuracyofhismathematicswaslatertestedthroughinvestigations.Einstein’sideaswereshowntobecorrect.Ascientistusesmanytoolsformeasurements.Thenthemeasurementsareusedtomakemathematicalcalculationsthatmaytesthisinvestigations.

1．Whatmakesascientistaccordingtothepassage?

A．Thetoolsheuses.B．Hiswaysoflearning.

C．Thewaysheuseshistools.D．Thedifferenttools.

解析：

　细节理解题。

由第一段“Itisnotwhatthetoolsthatascientistusesbuthowheusesthesetoolsthatmakeshimascientist.”可知。

答案：

　C

2．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．Thescientist’sknowledgeisalwaysrightunderallconditions.

B．Whentheconditionchanges，theresultoftheobservationmayalsochange.

C．Conditionmakesnodifferencetoscientists.

D．There’snopointforordinarypeopleknowinghowtoinvestigate.

解析：

　细节理解题。

由第二段“Iftheconditionsaredifferent，anychangesthescientistobservesinademonstration（演示）mustbeexplainedbythechangesintheconditions.”可知。

答案：

　B

3．“Thescientist，however，goesonestepfurther，...”theauthorsaysthistoshow________.

A．theimportanceofinformation

B．theimportanceofthinking

C．thedifferencebetweenscientistsandordinarypeople

D．thedifferencebetweencarpentersandpeoplewithotherjobs

解析：

　句意理解题。

上文提到了如何调查，如何发现信息对每个人来说都很重要，下文用however引起转折，说明科学家们应该更进一步，他必须确保问题有合理的答案。

故此处的thescientist，however，goesonestepfurther，...用来说明科学家和普通人的不同之处。

答案：

　C

4．Ascientifictheoryshouldbeonethat________.

A．notonlyworksunderonesetofconditionssometimes，butalsoworksunderthesameconditionsatothertimes

B．leavesnoroomforimprovement

C．doesnotallowanychangeevenunderdifferentconditions

D．canbeusedformanypurposes

解析：

　细节理解题。

由“Whatworksunderonesetofconditionssometimesmustworkunderthesameconditionsatothertimes.”可知答案。

答案：

　A

5．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Scientistsaredifferentfromordinarypeople.

B．Thetheoryofrelativity.

C．Exactnessisthecenterofscience.

D．Exactnessandwayofusingtoolsarethekeystothemakingofascientist.

解析：

　主旨大意题。

本文第一句“Whatmakesapersonascientist？

”提出了文章的主题，第一段论述“howascientistusesthesetoolsmakeshimascientist”，第二段论述“Thescientist’sknowledgemustbeexact”，故D正确。

其余各项只是文章中的细节。

答案：

　D。

阅读理解。

Wanted,SomeoneforaKiss

We’relookingforproducerstojoinusinthesecondofLondon100FM.You’llworkonthestation’smusicprogrammer.Musicproductionexperienceinradioisnecessary,alongwithrichknowledgeofmoderndancemusic.Pleaseapply（申请）inwritingtoProducerVacancies,Kiss100.

FatherChristmas

We’relookingforaveryspecialpersonpreferablyover40,tofillourFatherChristmassuit.

Workingdays:

EverySaturdayfromNovember24toDecember15andeverydayfromDecember17toDecember24exceptSunday,10:

30—16:

00

Excellentpay.

Pleasecontact（联系）theEnterpriseShoppingCenter,StationParade,Eastbourne.

AccountantsAssistant

WhenyoujointheminourRevenueAdministrationUnit,youwillbeprovidingassistancewithinallpartsoftheRevenueDivision,dealingwithpostandothergeneralduties.IfyouareeducatedtoGCSEgradeClevelwewouldliketotalktoyou.Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverofforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.

WealdenDistrictCouncil

SoftwareTrainer

Ifyouareaged24-45andhaveexperienceinteachingandtrainin

g,youcouldbethepersonwearelookingfor.Youshouldbegoodatthecomputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting.Youwillbeallowedtomakeourdecision,andtodesigncoursesaswellaspresentthem.Payupwardsof￡15,000fortherightperson.Pleaseapplybysendin

gyourCV（简历）toMrsR.Oglivie,PalmlaceLimited.

（）1.Whoshouldyougetintouchwithifyouhopetoworkinaradiostation?

A.ProducerVacancies,Kiss100.B.MrsR.Oglivie,PalmlaceLimited.

C.TheEnterpriseShoppingCentreD.WealdenDist

rictCouncil.

（）2.Welearnfromth

eadsthattheEnterpriseShoppingCentreneedsapersonwho__________________.

A.isagedbetween24and40B.maydosometrainingwork

C.shoulddealwithgeneraldutiesD.canworkforaboutamonth

（）3.whichpositionisopentorecentschoolgraduates?

A.Producer,LondonKiss.B.FatherChristmas.

C.AccountantsAssistantD.SoftwareTrainer

（）4.WhatkindofpersonwouldprobablyapplytoPalmaceLimited?

A.OnewithGCSEgradeClevel.

B.O

newithsomeofficeexperience.

C.Onehavinggoodcomputerknowledge

D.Onetrainedinproducingmusicprogrammes.

【参考答案】1---4、ACCC

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

Millionsofpeopleareusingcellphonestoday.Inmanyplacesitisactuallyconsideredunusualnottouseone.Inmanycountries,cellphonesareverypopularwithyoungpeople.Theyfindthatthephonesaremorethanameansofcommunication—havingamobilephoneshowsthattheyarecoolandconnected.

Theexplosionsaroundtheworldinmobilephoneusemakesomehealthprofessionalworried.Somedoctorsareconcernedthatinthefuturemanypeoplemaysufferhealthproblemsfromtheuseofmobilephones.InEngland,therehasbeenaseriousdebateaboutthisissue.Mobilephonecompaniesareworriedaboutthenegativepublicityofsuchideas.Theysaythatthereisnoproofthatmobilephonesarebadforyourhealth.

Ontheotherhand,whydosomemedicalstudiesshowchangesinthebraincellsofsomepeoplewhousemobilephones?

Signsofchangeintheissuesofthebrainandheadcanbedetectedwithmodernscanning（扫描）equipment.Inonecase,atravelingsalesmanhadtoretireatayoungagebecauseofseriousmemoryloss.Hecouldn'trememberevensimpletasks.Hewouldoftenforgetthenameofhisownson.Thismanusedtotalkonhismobilephoneforaboutsixhoursaday,everydayofhisworkingweek,foracoupleofyears.Hisfamilydoctorblamedhismobilephoneuse,buthisemployer'sdoctordidn'tagree.

Whatisitthatmakesmobilephonespotentiallyharmful?

Theanswerisradiation.Hightechmachinescandetectverysmallamountsofradiationfrommobilephones.Mobilephonecompaniesagreethatthereissomeradiation,buttheysaytheamountistoosmalltoworryabout.

Asthediscussionabouttheirsafetycontinues,itappearsthatit'sbesttousemobilephoneslessoften.Useyourregularphoneifyouwanttotalkforalongtime.Useyourmobilephoneonlywhenyoureallyneedit.Mobilephonescanbeveryusefulandconvenient,especiallyinemergencies.Inthefuture,mobilephonesmayhaveawarninglabelthatsaystheyarebadforyourhealth.Sofornow,it'swisenottouseyourmobilephonetoooften.

1．Peoplebuycellphonesforthefollowingreasonsexceptthat________.

A．they'repopularB．they'reconvenient

C．they'reusefulD．they'recheap

答案：

D　细节理解题。

文中第一段提到手机是一种通信工具且受欢迎；手机是一种时尚；但文中没有提到手机很便宜，故D项符合题意。

2．Theword“detected”inParagraph3couldbebestreplacedby________.

A．discoveredB．removed

C．curedD．caused

答案：

A　词义猜测题。

根据句意可知用扫描设备能发现大脑和头部疾病的迹象，故A项正确。

3．Onthesafetyissueofmobilephones,themanufacturingcompanies________.

A．denytheexistenceofmobilephoneradiation

B．developnewtechnologytoreducemobilephoneradiation

C．holdthattheamountofradiationistoosmalltoworryabout

D．trytoprovethatmobilephonesarenotharmfultohealth

答案：

C　细节理解题。

根据第四段最后一句“Mobilephonecompaniesagreethatthereissomeradiation，buttheysaytheamountistoosmalltoworryabout.”可知C项正确。

4．Thewriter'spurposeofwritingthisarticleistoadvisepeople________.

A．tobuymobilephones

B．tousemobilephoneslessoften

C．toupdateregularphones

D．tostopusingmobilephones

答案：

B　主旨大意题。

本文谈论了使用手机对人健康是否有害，在最后一段点明了本文的目的在于建议人们不要太经常地使用手机，故B项正确。

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

Theearthisgettingwarmer.Overthepast100yearsEarth’stemperaturerosebyabout1°F.ScientistspredictthatEarthwillcontinuetowarmbyabout2—6°Foverthenext100years.Thatmaynotsoundlikemuch,butthinkaboutthis:

DuringthelastIceAge,Earthwasonly9°Fcoolerthanitistoday,andlargesheetsoficecalledglaciers（冰河）coveredlargepartsofNorthAmerica!

ThewarmingofEarth’sclimateiscalledglobalwarming

Scientistsarenotsureofwhatcausesclimatechange.Earthcouldbewarmingonitsown,however,mostscientistsbelievethathumanactivityisspeedinguptheclimatechange.Earthwarmsitselfthroughaprocesscalledthegreenhouse（温室）effect.WhensunlightentersEarth’satmosphere（大气）,itpassesthroughalayerofgreenh