英语高一英语阅读理解解析版汇编及解析.docx

英语高一英语阅读理解解析版汇编及解析.docx

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英语高一英语阅读理解解析版汇编及解析

【英语】高一英语阅读理解解析版汇编及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   BusToursinWashingtonDC

   TheLightsNightTourinWashingtonDC

Duration:

3hours$56.33

   Highest-ratedNightTourinDC!

TheONLYDCNightTourwheretheTourGuides

   HOPOFFwithyouateachstopandtellyouabouteachmonumentandattraction.HopaboardtheLightsNightTour!

ThebesttimetotakeatourofWashingtonDCisat,night.

   BestMountVernon&ArlingtonCemeteryTourfromWashingtonDC

   Duration:

6hours.$78.96.

   SeeArlingtonCemetery,OldTownAlexandriaandGeorgeWashington'sMount

   VernonEstateonthissmallgroupbustourfromWashingtonDC.YourtourguidewillaccompanyyouthroughMountVemon,tellingyouaboutalloftheattractionsthereandthehistoryofGeorgeWashington'shomeonthePotomacRiver.

   TheBestMinibusTourinWashingtonDC.

   Duration:

3hours$46.92

   SeeallthekeyattractionsDChastoofferina3-hourformat.YouwilllearnallaboutthehistoryandtriviathatsurroundsWashingtonandvisitthemajormonumentsandattractionsDChastooffer.

   PleaseNote:

Ratesforthistourvarybydayoftheweek.Whenyouchooseyourspecificdateontheavailabilitycalendar,theratesforthatdatewillbedisplayed.

   TheBlossomsTourinWashingtonDC.

   Duration:

3hours$56.99

   BESTWAYtoExperiencetheCherryBlossoms!

EachyearfrommidMarchtomidApril,seethebeautifulCherryBlossomsinWashingtonDCandgetgreatphotosbecauseyou'llbeledtoallthebestspotsbythebestguides.TheannualspringbloominDCisamagicaltimeandthistourpromisestoprovidetheverybesttouropportunityforyou!

（1）Whichtourwouldprovideyouwithasightseeingboat?

A. TheLightsNightTour                                 B. BestMountVemon&ArlingtonCemeteryTour

C. TheBestMinibusTour                               

D. TheBlossomsTour

（2）WhatisspecialaboutTheBestMinibusTour?

A. Itspriceisnotfixed.                                         

B. Thebesttimetotakeitisatnight.

C. Thetourguideaccompaniesyou.                  

D. Youcangetgreatphotosofcherry.

（3）WhichdatesuitsTheBlossomsTourmost?

A. July4                          

B. August15                          

C. March27                          

D. October8

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍在WashingtonDC的BusTours。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据BestMountVernon&ArlingtonCemeteryTourfromWashingtonDC部分中的“YourtourguidewillaccompanyyouthroughMountVemon,tellingyouaboutalloftheattractionsthereandthehistoryofGeorgeWashington'shomeonthePotomacRiver.”可知，在BestMountVemon&ArlingtonCemeteryTour会为你提供观光船。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据TheBestMinibusTourin Washington DC.部分中的“PleaseNote:

Ratesforthistourvarybydayoftheweek.Whenyouchooseyourspecificdateontheavailabilitycalendar,theratesforthatdatewillbedisplayed.”可知，TheBestMinibusTour的特殊之处是它的价格不是固定的。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据TheBlossomsTourinWashingtonDC.部分中的“BESTWAYtoExperiencetheCherryBlossoms!

EachyearfrommidMarchtomidApril,seethebeautiful”可知，所给日期中的March27最适合TheBlossomsTour。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。

考生在准确掌握细节信息的同时，需根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Robotsmakemenervous—especiallytheoneswhichseemtothinkforthemselves.IwasembarrassedtoadmitthistillIheardthatBillGates,thefounderofMicrosoft,feltthesameway.

   GatessaidinaninterviewwiththesocialnetworkingandnewswebsiteReddit:

"Iaminthecampthatisconcernedaboutsuperintelligence.Firstthemachineswilldoalotofjobsforusandnotbesuperintelligent．Thatshouldbepositiveifwemanagewell.Afewdecadesafterthat,though,theintelligenceisstrongenoughtobeaconcern."

   Well,maybeIdon'thavetoworryaboutmycomputerandkitchenequipmentyet.AfterIusethemIcanalwayspulltheplug.Butinthefuture,machinesmightfindawaytopreventusfromswitchingthemoff.There'saterriblethought!

   Maybetheproblemwithcomputerstoocleverforusisnotthattheyareevillikesomewe'veseeninsci-fimovies.Whatcouldputusindangeristhattheymightbetooefficient.That'swhatphilosopherNickBostromfromOxfordUniversitybelieves.Hesaysthatmachinesareindifferenttohumansandinpursuitoftheirowngoals，thedestructionofpeoplemightbejustadditionaldamage.Bostromgivesusanexample:

Amachinewhichmighthaveitsonlygoaltoproduceasmanypaperclipsaspossiblemightlookathumanbodiesasextramaterialforpaperclipsandgoafteryou.Becauseitis,well,amachine,itwouldnottakepityonyou.

   It'sagoodthingthatAmericanwriterIsaacAsimovthoughtabouthowfarrobotscangoandleftushisthreerulesofrobotics.Theystatethatarobotmaynothurtahumanbeingorallowthehumanbeingtocometoharm.

   I'mgladmymachinesathomeare"dumb".Allmycleanerwantstotakeoveristhecarpetinmylivingroom.Let'shopetheydon'tcreateanappliancewhichwantstotakeovertheworld!

（1）TheauthorquotedBillGates'wordsinParagraph2inordertomakethetext________.

A. better-known         

B. morepersuasive         

C. better-organized         

D. moreinteresting

（2）Anintelligentpaperclipmachinewouldharmusbecause_______.

A. itismuchclevererthanus                        B. itwouldtakeovertheworld

C. ithasthestrongfeelingofdestroyingus         

D. itwouldseeusjustasmaterial

（3）HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutIsaacAsimov'srulesofrobotics?

A. Optimistic                      

B. Worried                      

C. Disappointed                      

D. Regretful

（4）Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?

A. Thebenefitsoffuturerobots.                  

B. Thenewapplicationsofrobots.

C. Theconcernforsuperintelligence.         

D. Thepopularityofrobotsinthefuture.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了智能机器人可能给人类带来伤害以及美国作家Isaac Asimov为此制定了三条机器人规则，作者旨在引起人们对智能机器人的关注。

（1）考查推理判断。

因为比尔盖茨是一个名人，他的观点更有说服力，所以作者才会引用他说的话，让别人更加相信他的观点。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Amachinewhichmighthaveitsonlygoaltoproduceasmanypaperclipsaspossiblemightlookathumanbodiesasextramaterialforpaperclipsandgoafteryou.”可知智能的paperclipmachine会把人类当成是加工材料而伤害人类。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的“It'sagoodthingthatAmericanwriterIsaacAsimovthoughtabouthowfarrobotscangoandleftushisthreerulesofrobotics.”可知作者认为IsaacAsimov所制定的机器人规则是好事情，说明他对此持乐观的态度。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据主题段第一段可知人们对于人工智能，尤其是机器人的迅速发展持有谨慎的态度，认为人工智能的过快发展会影响到人类的未来。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Sleep,consideredaluxurybymany,isessentialforaperson'swellbeing.Researchershavefoundthatinsufficientsleepincreasesaperson'sriskofdevelopingseveremedicalconditions,suchasobesity,diabetes,andcardiovasculardiseases.Now,anewstudybyBoston'sMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）hasfoundthatgettingsufficientsleepisalsothekeytoimprovingacademicperformance.

   JeffreyGrossman,wholedtheresearch,wasnottryingtofindthelinkbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutFitbitstothe100studentsinhisintroductiontoSolid-StateChemistryclass.Instead,theprofessorofComputationalMaterialsSciencehopedthepopularwrist-worndevicewhich,tracksaperson'sactivity24/7,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenphysicalexerciseandacademicachievement.

   However,thestudy,publishedinthejournal“ScienceLearning”onOctober1,2019,discoveredasurprisinginsight.Thenwasastraight-linerelationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepastudentgotandhis/hergradeonthe11quizzes,threemidterms,andthefinalexamadministeredduringthesemester.

   Evenmoreinteresting,itwasalsonotsufficientforstudentstojustheadtobedearlythenightbeforeatest.Instead,it'sthesleepyougetduringthedayswhenlearningishappeningthatmattersmost.

   Thetimestudentswenttobedeachnightwassimilarlyimportant.Thosewhowenttobedintheearlyhoursofthemorningperformedpoorly,evenifthetotalsleeptimewasthesameasahigher-performingstudent.“Whenyougotobedmatters.Grossmansays.Ifyougotobedafter2,yourperformancestartstogodownevenifyougetthesamesevenhours.So,quantityisn'teverything.”

（1）Whatisthenewfindingaboutsleep?

A.It'sessentialforaperson'shealth.

B.Sleepinglessmaycauseobesity.

C.Sleepingtoomuchisdangerous.

D.Amplesleepleadstobettergrades.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Fitbits"inparagraph2referto?

A.Wearabledevices.

B.Questionnaires.

C.Fitnessequipment.

D.Smartphones.

（3）Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefinalresultthenewstudy?

A.Doubtful.

B.Predictable.

C.Disappointing.

D.Unexpected.

（4）Whatwillbenefitstudents'studyaccordingtoGrossman?

A.Sleepingfor5hourseachday.

B.Headingtobedat3a.meveryday.

C.Gettingenoughsleepwhilelearning.

D.Goingtobedearlyonlybeforeatest.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新研究表明，睡眠质量不足除了对身体健康造成不良影响之外，也会对学习成绩产生影响。

好的睡眠质量是提高学习成绩的关键。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Now,anewstudybyBoston'sMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）hasfoundthatgettingsufficientsleepisalsothekeytoimprovingacademicperformance.”现在，波士顿麻省理工学院的一项新研究发现，充足的睡眠也是提高学习成绩的关键，可知关于睡眠的新发现是充足的睡眠会带来更好的成绩。

故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Instead,theprofessorofComputationalMaterialsSciencehopedthepopularwrist-worndevicewhichtracksaperson'sactivity24/7,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenphysicalexerciseandacademicachievement.”可知相反，这位计算材料科学的教授希望这个流行的腕带设备能够显示出体育锻炼和学术成就之间的联系。

可知Fitbits指的是一种可以穿戴的设备。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第三段中的“However,thestudy,publishedinthejournal“ScienceL