食品专业英语答案许学书.docx

食品专业英语答案许学书.docx

《食品专业英语答案许学书.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《食品专业英语答案许学书.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

食品专业英语答案许学书

答案

CHAPTER4

3练习：

A.用括号内的词将汉语译成英语:

1）Theresearchaboutthisenzymecanbetracedbackto1970s.

2）Recently,theuseofreproducibleresourcehasreachednewheights.

3）Vinegarcouldplayonthetastebuds.

4）Payattentiontotheharmonyofappearance,smell,taste,texturewhenconfectingthebeverage.

B.根据课文判断下列陈述是否正确：

1）T

2）T

3）T

4）F

5）F

6）T

CHAPTER5

4练习：

1）用表内提供的词组合成句子，描述图中勺的相对位置：

Sevenspoonsaresymmetricallyandevenlyspaced.Perforatedspoonwithblackhandisatthefarleftandgoestotheleftofperforatedspoonwithstainlesssteelhand.Slottedspoonswithblackhandisnexttoperforatedspoonwithstainlesssteelhandontherightandgoestotheleftofslottedspoonwithstainlesssteelhand.Three-corneredstirringspoonisnexttoslottedspoonwithstainlesssteelhandontherightandgoestotheleftofsolidspoonswithblackhand.Solidspoonswithstainlesssteelhandisatthefarright.

2）根据Fig5-3描述其余不同用具相对于球形切割器Ballcutter的位置

Oneballcutterisplacedhorizontallybelowthecenteroftheplace,andastraightspatulagoestothetop-leftofit.Nexttothestraightspatulaontherightisacook’sfork.Infrontofthestraightspatulaisanoffsetspatula.Apieserverisontherightoftheoffsetspatulaandinfrontofthecook’sfork.

CHAPTER6

3练习：

A．用建议的词进行汉译英

1）Maketheeyelevelevenwiththebottomofmeniscusinsidethetube.

2）Theelectronicscalesshouldbeplacedwheretheysetlevelandwheretheyreceiveaminimumamountofjarring.

3）UsethismethodtoanalyzetheargininethroughHPLC,thelinearityrangeisfrom0.5gto10g.

4）Portion100ounceflourinto5fractions.

5）Thecolumnis2inchindiameterand10inchinhighness.

B.用表内的词填空

Allmatter,gas,liquidorsolidhasdensity.Thedensityofamaterialisitsmassdividedbyitsvolume（m/v）.Densityismeasureding/cm3orkg/m3anddenotedby.Thedensityofpurewaterat4Cisexactly1g/cm3.

Anelectronicscaleandarulerareneededintheexperimentofmeasuringdensityofacircularcylinderjelly.Thevolumeismeasurewitharulerandtheweightismeasuredbyelectronicscale.Thedensityiscalculatedwiththeformula=m/v.

C.区别不同应用场合下的描述方法

Lookatthesethreeexamples:

Aninstruction

Ademonstration

Areport

UseCO2onelectrical.

WeuseCO2onelectrical.

CO2wasusedonelectricalfires.

Nowdescribeasimilarexperimentforfindingthedensityofabeverageinareportstyle.Usethefollowingwordsinthedescription.Theprocedureis:

wash→dry→pour→measure→calculate.

Densitybottlewaswashedwithbrushfirstlyandthenrinsedwithalcohol.Theemptybottlewasdriedandweighedbythescale.Thenputexactlyavolumeoftheliquidintothebottle.Nextthefullbottlewasweighedbythescaleandgainedthemass.Themassoftheliquid,therefore,canbecalculatedwithsubtractionbetweenthemassofthefullbottleandthemassoftheemptybottle.Finallyitsdensityiscalculatedwiththeequation=m/v.Theoperationshouldbedoneattheroomtemperature.

E.描述测量物体的单位

Usefollowingwordstodescribecotton,glass,wire,leather,chocolate,sugar,sandandwood.

Ablockof

glass

Abarof

chocolate

Asheetof

leather

Apieceof

leather

Abucketof

Sand

Agrainof

sand/sugar

Alengthof

wire

Apileof

wood

Aplankof

Wood

Areelof

cotton

Astackof

wood

Astripof

wood

Chapter7

4练习：

构词

1）Studythemeaningsofstemsandaffixes,andthengiveexamplesofwordsyouknowwhicharederivedfromthesestemsandaffixes.

Prefixes

Examples

ante-,ant-

before

antacid

circum-

around

circumstance

contra-,anti-

against

antidote,antibody

inter-

between

interbiotic

intro-,intra-

within

intron,intracardial

mis-

wrong,unfavorable

misionin

mono-

one,alone,single

monoacetate,monoamine

neuro-,neur-

nerve,nervoussystem

neurobiotaxis,neurilemma

orth-,orth-

straight,proper,正的

orthanilamide,orthodiazine

post-

after

postalbumin

sub-,suc-,suf-,sug-,sup-,sus-

under

substrate,subacidity

super-

above

superacidity,superalkali

trans-

across

transacetylase,transaldolase

retro-

backward,back,behind

retrovaccination,retrovirus

Stems

-ced-

go,move,yield

intercede

-duc-

lead

conductor

-flect-

bend

inflection

-mit-,-miss-

send

dismiss

-port-

carry

transport

-sequ-,-secut-

follow

consequence

-spir-

breathe

inspirit

-tele-

far

teleautomatics

-vene-,-vent-

come

convener

-voc-,-vok-

call

invoke

Suffixes

-able-,-ible-,-ble

capableof,fitfor

reproducible

-ous,-ious,-ose

fullof,ofthenatureof

bilious,filamentous

2）Machthesestemsandaffixeswiththeirmeanings

1.e

6.b

11.c

16.c

2.b

7.d

12.a

17.d

3.a

8.e

13.e

18.a

4.d

9.c

14.b

19.b

5.c

10.a

15.d

20.e

Chapter8

3练习：

A.学习实验方法和讨论结果的表述（用括号内的词或句型将汉文译成英文）

1）Thedetailsofananalyticalmethodfordeterminationofthecontentofglutamicacidisasfollowing.

2）InitiatetheresearchwiththedeterminationofthepHrange-finding.

3）Thefoodadditivemostfrequentlyemployedincludesugar,salt,vinegarandsoon.

4）Theenzymereactionisterminatedafteraperiodof2hoursbyheating.

5）Accordingtotheregulations,experimentaldose-effectrelationshipmustbenolessthanfiveconcentrationlevels,eachconcentrationlevelwithtriplicateparalleltest,employedwithacontrol.

6）Thesampleshouldbewatchedinregardtothecolorchangesintheprocessofexperiment.

7）SelecttheenzymedependingontheusingtemperatureandpH.

8）Ifthereareindicationsthattheliverisdamagedaftermedicinefeedingthenthesubacuteexperimentmustbecarriedout.

9）Toestablishofstandardcurves,pre-testsofatleastthreeconcentrationlevelsshouldbeconductedtoestablishtherange.

10）ItcouldbedemonstratedthatthiscompoundcouldbecapableofshowingdifferentcolorsunderdifferentpHinthisexperiment.

11）Intheexperimentofdetectingpesticideresidue,GChasprovedmostadaptable.

12）Inthechronicanimalexperiments,nolessthanfourgroupsplusacontrolgroupofexperimentalanimalsareemployed,eachconsistingofatleast25pairsofmice.

13）Theexperimentshouldbeoperatedinthetemperatureandhumiditycontrolledroom.

14）Theminimumtoxicdosagelevelisexpectedtoproducenotoxicity,attheotherextremethemaximumdosageshouldbesufficienttocausepathologicalchanges,butnotcausehighmortalitybeforetheendoftheexperiment.Otherdosagesfallinbetweenthesetwodosages.

15）Intheexperimentneedtobesampledatvariousintervals,thequantityofsampleineachgroupshouldincreaseaccordingly.

16）Observationsandsamplingshouldbemadeofeverytwohours.

17）Thechangeofthedetectivecurrentisduetocontaminationoftheelectrode.

18）Controlgroupshouldbehandledintheidenticalmannerasthesample.

19）Thetheoryofthatliteraturecouldbecitedtoshowthatourexperimentalresultsareright.

20）Thisnewchromatogramisabouttentimesassensitivetopesticideresiduesastheoldone.

21）Patientisasmuchastentimesmoresusceptibletotoxiccompoundsthanhealthyindividual.

B.构词

1）Studythemeaningsofsuffixes,stemsandaffixes,andthengiveexamplesofwordsyouknowwhicharederivedfromthesesuffixes,stemsandaffixes.

Suffixes

Example

StemsandAffixes

Example

-al

醛

acetal

hydroxy-

羟基

hydroxyacetone

-ane

饱和烃；烷

methane

carbonyl-

羰基

carbonylate

-ase

酶

amylase

carboxy（l）-

羧基

carboxylesterase

-ectomy

切除

hysterectomy

amino-

氨基

aminoacetone

-ene

烯

butylene

phenyl-;benz-

苯基

phenylacetate

-enol

烯醇

piperitenol

phenol

苯酚

phenolase

-gen

原

antigen

propyl

丙基

propylaldehyde

-genin

配基

acetogenin

deuteron-;

次

deuteroxide

-less

无；缺乏

hopeless

olig（o）-

低聚；寡聚

oligosaccharide

-（a）emia

血

ischemia

iodo-

碘化-

iodoform

-mycin

霉素

gentamycin

butyl-

丁基

butylene

-ol

醇

methanol

poly-;multi-

多

polyacrylonitrile

-oma

瘤；癌

encephaloma

di-;bi-

二

diabetin

-one

酮

acetone

trans-

反（式）；转

transaldolase

-ose

糖

maltose

iso-

异；分离

isoacetylene

-oside

糖苷

glucose-sorboside

manno-

甘露-

mannosan

-osis

增多（症）

mannosidosis

glycerin

甘油

glycerine

-osone

邻酮醛糖

deoxyosone

hyper-;per-;homo-

高

hyperoxide

-penia

减少（症）

leukopenia

hept-

庚

heptachlor

-itis

炎症

laryngitis

deca-

癸

decahydronaphthalene

-uria

尿

acetonuria

decyl-

癸基

decylene

cyclo-

环-

cyclobarbital

2）Studythemeaningsoffollowingstemsandaffixes.Machthesestemsandaffixeswiththeirmeanings

1.b

6.d

11.b

16.d

2.c

7.e

12.a

17.c

3.d

8.b

13.e

18.a

4.e

9.a

14.c

19.e

5.a

10.c

15.d

20.b

Chapter9

2练习：

A.学习下列化学词汇的前缀、词干和后缀，根据它们的词义将下列的化学名词译成中文。

Acetaldehyde乙醛

Monochloropropane一氯苯乙烯

Dehydroalanine脱氢丙氨酸

mono-methylhydrazine一甲基肼

formyl-methylhydrazine甲酰-丙卡巴肼

N-methylolacrylamideN-羟甲基丙烯酰胺

Gastrointestinal肠胃的

Perfluorooctane全氟辛烷

Glycolaldehyde羟乙醛

Phenylalanine苯丙氨酸

Haemoglobin血红蛋白

Phycotoxin藻毒素

Hepatorenal肝肾的

Polyaromatic芳烃聚合物

Heterocyclic杂环的

polychlorinatedbiphenyls聚氯联二苯

Hydroxymethylfurfural羟甲基糠醛

Pyrosynthesis高温合成

Lysinoalanine赖氨酸丙氨酸

Tetrahydropurine四氢嘌呤

B.学习下列词汇的前缀、词干和后缀，并根据它们的词义将下面的词与含义相匹配。

1.f

7.e

13.f

19.c

2.e

8.c

14.b

20.d

3.a

9.d

15.c

21.e

4.d

10.a

16.a

22.a

5.b

11.b

17.d

23.f

6.c

12.f

18.e

24.b

Chapter10

3练习：

专业词汇理解

A.Accordingtothetext,whichoffollowingsbelongtoNeutriceutical?

ginshen

B.Accordingtothetext,the“probiotics”probablyisatypeof

microorganism

C.Accordingtothetext,the“Prebiotics”probablyisatypeof

nondigestiblefood

D.Accordingtothetext,the“synbiotic”probablyisatypeof

mixt