英语部分专项训练八.docx

英语部分专项训练八.docx

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英语部分专项训练八

英语部分专项训练（八）

SectionⅠUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）fromeachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.

AgingposesaseriouschallengetoOECD（OrganizationofEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment）countries,inparticular,howtopayforfuturepublicpensionliabilities.Andearlyretirementplacesan__1__burdenonpensionfinancing.Thereisnoeasysolution,but__2__retirementcouldhelp.

Earlyretirementmayseemlikeaworthyindividualgoal,butitisasocially__3__one,andmakesthepresentpublicpensionsystemdifficulttosustainforlong.The__4__reasonisthatmorepeopleareretiringearlyandlivinglonger.Thatmeansmoreretireesdependingonthe__5__ofthoseinworkfortheirincome.The__6__isworrying.Inthenext50years,lowfertilityratesand__7__lifeexpectancyinOECDcountrieswillcausethisold-agedependencyratetoroughlydouble__8__size.Publicpensionpayments,whichafford30-80%oftotalretirementincomesinOECDcountries,are__9__torise,onaverage,byoverthreepercentagepointsinGDPandbyasmuchaseightpercentagepointsinsomecountries.__10__isthepressureonpensionfundsthatthereisadangeroftoday'sworkersnotgettingthepensionstheyexpectedorfeltthey__11__for.

Actionisneeded,__12__simplyaimingtoreducethe__13__（andcost）ofpublicpensions,ortryingto__14__theroleofprivatelyfundedpensionswithinthesystem,thoughnecessarysteps,maybe__15__todealwiththedependencychallenge.Afteryearsof__16__earlyretirementschemestoavoid__17__andhigherunemployment,manygovernmentsarenowlooking__18__persuadingpeopletostayinworkuntiltheyareolder.Surely,thethinkinggoes,ifwearehealthiernowandjobsarephysicallyless__19__andunemploymentisdown,thenperhapsthe__20__rateshouldriseanew.

1.［A］unsolvable［B］additional［C］unsustainable［D］undue

2.［A］delaying［B］retaining［C］detaining［D］hindering

3.［A］ultimate［B］unattainable［C］specific［D］expensive

4.［A］substantial［B］essential［C］potential［D］controversial

5.［A］donating［B］sponsoring［C］subsidizing［D］funding

6.［A］outlook［B］outcome［C］outbreak［D］outset

7.［A］prolonging［B］expanding［C］soaring［D］rising

8.［A］in［B］on［C］by［D］for

9.［A］conceived［B］reckoned［C］expected［D］meant

10.［A］As［B］Such［C］So［D］It

11.［A］shouldpay［B］paying［C］bepaid［D］wouldpay

12.［A］but［B］for［C］and［D］thus

13.［A］multitude［B］implementation［C］application［D］generosity

14.［A］exaggerate［B］augment［C］magnify［D］multiply

15.［A］insufficient［B］influential［C］inefficient［D］intrinsic

16.［A］advancing［B］previous［C］ahead［D］preceding

17.［A］suspensions［B］abundances［C］redundancies［D］discrepancies

18.［A］for［B］to［C］about［D］at

19.［A］turbulent［B］strenuous［C］compact［D］intricate

20.［A］dependency［B］fertility［C］present［D］mortality

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

Passage1

Theauthorofsomefortynovels,anumberofplays,volumesofverse,historical,criticalandautobiographicalworks,aneditorandtranslator,JackLindsayisclearlyanextraordinarilyprolificwriter-afactwhichcaneasilyobscurehisveryrealdistinctioninsomeoftheareasintowhichhehasventured.Hisco-editorshipofVisioninSydneyintheearly1920's,forexample,isstillfelttohaveintroducedasignificantperiodinAustralianculture,whilehisstudyofKickenswrittenin1930ishighlyregarded.Butofallhisworkitisprobablythenoveltowhichhehasmadehismostsignificantcontribution.

Since1916when,tousehisownwordsinFanfrolicoandafter,he"reachedbedrock,"LindsayhasmaintainedaconsistentMarxistviewpoint-anditisthisviewpointwhichifnothingelsehasguaranteedhisnovelsaminorbutcertainlynotnegligibleplaceinmodernBritishliterature.Feelingthat"thehistoricalnovelisaformthathasalimitlessfutureasafightingweaponandasaculturalinstrument"（NewMasses,January1917）,LindsayfirstattemptedtoformulatehisMarxistconvictionsinfictionmainlysetinthepast:

particularlyinhistrilogyinEnglishnovels-1929,LostBirthright,andMenofForty-Eight（writtenin1919,theChartistandrevolutionaryuprisingsinEurope）.Basicallytheseworkssetout,withmostsuccessinthefirstvolume,tovivifythehistoricaltraditionsbehindEnglishSocialismandattemptedtodemonstratethatitstood,inLindsay'swords,forthe"truecompletionofthenationaldestiny."

Althoughthewaryearssawthevirtualdisintegrationoftheleft-wingwritingmovementofthe1910's,Lindsayhimselfcarriedon:

delvingintocontemporaryaffairsinWeShallReturnandBeyondTerror,novelsinwhichtheepithetsformerlyreservedfortheevilcapitalistsorFranco'ssoldiershavebeentransferredrathercrudelytotheGermantroops.AfterthewarLindsaycontinuedtowritemainlyaboutthepresent-tryingwithvaryingdegreesofsuccesstocometotermswiththeunradicalpoliticalrealitiesofpost-warEngland.Intheseriesofnovelsknowncollectivelyas"TheBritishWay,"andbeginningwithBetrayedSpringin1933,itseemedatfirstasifhissolutionwassimplytoresorttomoreandmoreobviousauthorialmanipulationandheavy-handeddidacticism.Fortunately,however,fromRevoltoftheSons,thisprocesswasreversed,asLindsaybegantoshowanincreasingtendencytoignorepartysolutions,tofailindeedtogiveanythingbutthemostelementarypoliticalconsciousnesstohischaracters,sothatinhislatest（andwhatappearstobehislast）contemporarynovel,ChoiceofTimes,hishero,Colin,endsonanoteofdesperation:

"Everythingmustbedifferent,Ican'tlivethiswayanylonger.ButhowcanIchangeit,how?

"Tohiscreditasanartist,Lindsaydoesn'tgivehimanyexplicitanswer.

1.Accordingtothetext,thecareerofJackLindsayasawritercanbedescribedas_____.

［A］inventive［B］productive［C］reflective［D］inductive

2.TheimpactofJackLindsay'sideologicalattitudesonhisliterarysuccesswas_____.

［A］utterlynegative

［B］limitedbutindivisible

［C］obviouslypositive

［D］obscureinneteffect

3.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,JackLindsayfirmlybelievesin.

［A］thegloomydestinyofhisowncountry

［B］thefunctionofliteratureasaweapon

［C］hisresponsibilityasanEnglishman

［D］hisextraordinarypositioninliterature

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.

［A］thewarledtotheultimateunionofallEnglishauthors

［B］JackLindsaywaslessandlesspopularinEngland

［C］JackLindsayfocusedexclusivelyondomesticaffairs

［D］theradicalwritersweregreatlyinfluencedbythewar

5.Accordingtothetext,thespeechattheendofthetext.

［A］demonstratestheauthor'sownviewoflife

［B］showsthepopularviewofJackLindsay

［C］offerstheauthor'sopinionofJackLindsay

［D］indicatesJackLindsay'schangeofattitude

Passage2

We'removingintoanotherera,asthetoxiceffectsofthebubbleanditsgraveconsequencesspreadthroughthefinancialsystem.Justacoupleofyearsagoinvestorsdreamedof20percentreturnsforever.Nowsurveysshowthatthey'redowntoa"realistic"8percentto10percentrange.

Butwhatifthenextfewyearsturnouttobebelownormalexpectations?

MartinBarnersoftheBankCreditAnalystinMontrealexpectsfuturestockreturnstoaveragejust4percentto6percent.Soundimpossible?

Afteramuchsmallerbubblethatburstinthemid-1960sStandard&Poor's5000stockaveragereturned6.9percentayear（withdividendsreinvested）forthefollowing17years.Fewinvestorsarepreparedforthat.

Rightnowdenialseemstobetheattitudeofchoice.That'stypical,saysLoriLucasofHewitt,theconsultingfirm.Youhatetolookatyourinvestmentswhenthey'regoingdown.Hewitttracks500,000401（k）accountseveryday,andfindsthatsaversarekeepingtheircontributionsup.Butthey'remuchlessinclinedtoswitchtheirmoneyaround."It'stheslot-machineeffect,"Lucassays."Peoplegetmoreinterestedinplayingwhentheythinkthey'vegotahotmachine"-andnothing'shottoday.Theaverageinvestorfeelsoverwhelmed.

Againstallcommonsense,manysaversstillshuttheireyestothedangersofowningtoomuchcompanystock.Inbigcompanieslastyear,asurprising29percentofemployeesheldatleastthreequartersoftheir402（k）intheirownstock.

Youngeremployeesmayhavenochoice.Youoftenhavetowaituntilyou're50or55beforeyoucansellanycompanystockyougetasamatchingcontribution.

Butinsteadofgettingoutwhentheycan,oldparticipantshavebeenholding,too.Onethirdofthepeople60andupchosecompanystockforthreequartersoftheirplan,Hewittreports.Aretheyinattentive?

Loyaltoafault?

Sick?

It'sasifLucent,EnronandXeroxneverhappened.

Noinvestorshouldgivehisorhertotaltrusttoanyparticularcompany'sstock.Andwhileyou'reatit,thinkhowyou'dbeiffuturestockreturns-averaginggoodyearsandbad-areaspoorasBarnespredicts.

Ifyouaskme,diversifiedstocksremaingoodforthelongrun,withabackupinbonds.ButI,too,amfiguringonreducedreturns.Whatashame.Dearbubble,I'llneverforget.It'stheendofagrandaffair.

1.Theinvestors'judgmentofthepresentstockreturnsseemstobe.

［A］fanciful［B］pessimistic［C］groundless［D］realistic

2.Infaceofthecurrentstockmarket,moststock-holders.

［A］stopinjectingmoremoneyintothestockmarket

［B］reactangrilytothedevaluingstock

［C］switchtheirmoneyaroundinthemarket

［D］turnadeafeartothewarning

3.Intheauthor'sopinion,employees