届高考英语第二轮知识点随堂巩固训练8.docx

届高考英语第二轮知识点随堂巩固训练8.docx

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届高考英语第二轮知识点随堂巩固训练8

阅读理解板块练（四）

A

（2018·武汉市高中毕业生调研测试）

ElonMuskwasborninSouthAfrica,in1971.Acrazyfanofcomputers,bytheageoftwelve,Muskhadwrittenthecode（代码）forhisownvideogame,whichhesoldforaprofit.

HeattendedQueen’sUniversityinCanada,andtransferred（转到）totheUniversityofPennsylvania,whereheearnedtwobachelor’sdegrees,economicsandphysics.HewasadmittedtoStanfordUniversityinCalifornia,intendingtoearnaPhDinenergyphysics.

FirstCompany—Zip2Corporation

In1995,attheageof24,MuskdroppedoutofStanfordUniversityafterjusttwodaysofclassestostarthisfirstcompanyZip2Corporation.ItwasanonlinecityguidethatprovidedcontentforthenewonlineversionsofTheNewYorkTimesandtheChicagoTribunenewspapers.In1999,Muskgot$22millionfromthesaleofZip2.

OnlineBanking

In1999,ElonMuskstartedX．comwith$10milliondollarsfromthesaleofZip2.Xwasanonlinebank,andhewascreditedwithinventingamethodofsecurelytransferringmoneyusingareceiver’semailaddress.

PayPal

In2000,X．comboughtacompanycalledConfinity,whichhadstartedanInternetmoneytransferprocesscalledPayPal.ElonMuskdroppedtheonlinebankingfocustoconcentrateonbecomingaglobalpaymenttransferprovider.In2002,eBayboughtPayPalfor$1.5billion.

SpaceExplorationTechnologies

In2002,ElonMuskstartedSpaceX.HeisalongstandingmemberoftheMarsSociety,anonprofitorganizationthatsupportstheexplorationofMars,andMuskisinterestedinbuildingagreenhouseonMars.SpaceXhasbeendevelopingrockettechnologiestoenableMusk’sproject.

TeslaMotors

In2004,ElonMuskcofoundedTeslaMotors,ofwhichheistheonlyproductarchitect.TeslaMotorsbuildselectricvehicles.Thecompanyhasbuiltanelectricsportscar,theTeslaRoadster.

SolarCity

In2006,ElonMuskcofoundedSolarCity,aphotovoltaic（光电的）productsandservicescompanywithhiscousinLyndonRive.

1．WhatwasElonMuskgiftedinwhenhewasyoung?

A．Economics.　　　　　　B．Physics.

C．Energy.D．Coding.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第一段的第二句“Acrazyfanofcomputers,bytheageoftwelve,Muskhadwrittenthecode（代码）forhisownvideogame,whichhesoldforaprofit.”可知，Musk是一位疯狂的电脑迷，十二岁时他就为自己的视频游戏写代码并获利了；据此可知，他小时候就有写代码的天赋，故D项正确。

2．Whichofthefollowingprovidesinternationalpaymenttransferservice?

A．X.B．Confinity.

C．PayPal.D．eBay.

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据PayPal部分，尤其是该部分的第二句“ElonMuskdroppedtheonlinebankingfocustoconcentrateonbecomingaglobalpaymenttransferprovider.”可知，PayPal提供国际转账支付服务，故C项正确。

3．WhathasSpaceXbeendoingtohelpachieveMusk’sproject?

A．SponsoringtheMarsSociety.

B．Developingrockettechnologies.

C．BuildingagreenhouseonMars.

D．SupportingtheexplorationofMars.

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

根据SpaceExplorationTechnologies部分的“SpaceXhasbeendevelopingrockettechnologiestoenableMusk’sproject.”可知，SpaceX一直在研究开发火箭技术，帮助Musk实现他的项目（目标），故B项正确。

4．WhatisTeslaMotorsnotedfor?

A．Itselectricvehicles.

B．Itsphotovoltaicproducts.

C．Itsserviceasacitytouristguide.

D．Itsbusinesswithothercompanies.

解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据TeslaMotors部分，尤其是该部分的第二句“TeslaMotorsbuildselectricvehicles.”可知，TeslaMotors是生产电动汽车的公司，故A项正确。

B

（2018·河北衡水中学高三一调考试）

AWaytoMakeYourOld,SlowComputerLikeNewAgain

Isyourcomputerpainfullyslow?

Haveyouconsideredbuyinganewfastercomputerbutthepriceofevenabasiconediscouragesyou?

Well,fortunately,there’sanewdevicethathasrecentlyhitthemarketandit’sabsolutelygivingold,slowcomputerslightningfastspeedagain.Theclevernewdeviceissavingpeoplehundreds（eventhousands）butthebigcomputercompaniesaren’thappyaboutit!

*WhatIsIt?

It’scalledXtraPCandifyouhaveanold,slowcomputer,itisexactlywhatyou’vebeenwaitingfor.

XtraPCisasmallthumbdriveyousimplyplugintoyourcomputer’sUSBportanditinstantlytransformsyouroldcomputertoalikenewone.Itworkswithanycomputer（MacorWindows）laptop,desktop,andnetbookmadein2004orlater.

*HowDoesItWork?

Supereasy!

Allyouhavetodois...

*PlugItIn—SimplyplugXtraPCintoaUSBportwhileyourcomputeristurnedoff.

*TurnYourComputerOn—SelectBootfromUSBandbingo,you’regoodtogo.

*EnjoytheNewPC—Inlessthan15minutes,you’llbeshockedatthedifferenceintheperformanceofyourcomputer.

*WhatCanIDowithMyLikeNewComputer?

*Surftheweb

*Shareonsocialmedia

*Writeemails

*Watchvideos

*Playgames

*Safelyshoponline

*Andmore!

*HowMuchIsThisGoingtoCostMe?

Thisisnotajoke.XtraPCisonly$24.99!

Andtheyoffera30daymoneybackguarantee.TherehonestlyisnogoodreasonnottotryXtraPC.

YoucangetXtraPCdirectfromthecompany’swebsite.Makesuretobuyitfromtheofficialsiteastherearemanyknockoffsonthemarkettoday.

5．ThebigcomputercompaniesareunhappywithXtraPCmainlybecause________.

A．peoplewillneverbuyanycomputer

B．itwillprobablyaffecttheirprofits

C．itmakescomputersfasterandmoreaffordable

D．it’sanewtypeofcomputerwithcreativedesign

解析：

选B　推理判断题。

根据第一部分的最后一句“Theclevernewdeviceissavingpeoplehundreds（eventhousands）butthebigcomputercompaniesaren’thappyaboutit！

”可推知，这个新设备会使人们省钱，会影响大型电脑公司的利润，故选B。

6．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutXtraPC?

A．Youshouldturnonyourcomputerwhenpluggingitin.

B．Youshouldreturnitoveramonthtogetyourmoneyback.

C．Youcanuseittochangeanyoldcomputerintoanewone.

D．Youcanimprovetheperformanceofyouroldcomputerwithit.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第一部分的第三句“Well,fortunately,there’s..puterslightningfastspeedagain.”可知，有了这个新设备，老电脑的运行速度能大大加快，与第三部分的“EnjoytheNewPC—Inlessthan15minutes..puter.”呼应，故选D。

7．Theunderlinedword“knockoffs”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.

A．cheapcopiesofawellknownproduct

B．illegalwebsitesthatcheatpeople

C．falsemessagesontheInternet

D．companieswithabadreputation

解析：

选A　词义猜测题。

根据画线词所在句可推知，要去官网买此设备，因为市场上有许多廉价仿冒品，故选A。

8．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.

A．tellreadershowtospeedupyourcomputer

B．encouragereaderstobuyanewdevice

C．introduceanewinventiontoreaders

D．explaintoreadershowXtraPCworks

解析：

选B　写作意图题。

根据本文的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了一款可以使老电脑焕然一新的设备，由此可推知，本文主要是向读者推介这款新产品，故选B。

C

（2018·太原市高三年级模拟试题一）

Workingwellinateamrequiresfullcooperation.It’sanimportantskillforalmosteveryemployeetohave.Yourabilitytodoyourjobisdependentuponothersgettingyourworkdone,andothersdependonyoutogettheirworkdone.

Communicatewell.Lackofcommunicationisoneofthebiggestreasonsofateam’sfailure.Seekinputfromteammemberssotheyfeellikeavaluablepartoftheteam.Communicationestablishestrustamongteammembers.Inaddition,communicatingwellcanhelppreventandresolveconflict.Meetregularlytokeepmembersinvolvedandawareofyourworkprogress.Postdecisionswhereeveryoneintheteamcanseethem.

Beflexible.Inteamwork,prioritiesandresponsibilitycanchangeinstantly.Stayreadytoshiftfocus.Trainingteammemberstobeabletodopartsofotherteammembers’jobscanbeavaluablepartofteamwork;beingflexiblehelpstobuildappreciationforallthepartsoftheteam.

Meetdeadlines.Workhardtoensureyoumeetestablisheddeadlineswhenyouworkinateamenvironment.Othersaredependingonyourwork.Negotiatetimelineswithyourteammatesatthestartofaproject.Doingsoallowsyoutohaveasayinhowworkgetsaccomplished.

Establishaccountability.Allteammembersmustberesponsibleforthesuccessandfailureoftheproject.Althoughnoteveryteamneedsaleader,teamsrequireaformalwaytoensureeveryonedoeshispart.Tryusingmeetingstoreportonprogress.

Celebrateaccomplishmentsandencouragetheteam.Seniorexecutivesmaynotalwaysrecognizetheimportanceofsometeammembers’work.Sharecongratulationsatteammeetingsandtalkaboutwhoseworkisinvaluableinhelpingyougetyourworkdone.

9．Whatcanyouconcludefromthefirstparagraph?

A．Workinginateammeansyourworkisseparate.

B．Workinginateammeansyourworkiseffective.

C．Beingamemberofateammeansyourworkisindependent.

D．Beingamemberofateammeansyourworkisinterdependent.

解析：

选D　段落大意题。

根据文章第一段的最后一句“Yourabilitytodoyourjobisdependentuponothersgettingyourworkdone,andothersdependonyoutogettheirworkdone.”可知，成为团队一员意味着分工合作、相互依赖，故选D。

10．Whichofthefollowingdeedsdoesnotcontributetoeffectiveteamwork?

A．Keepingsilentinateamdiscussion.

B．Beingabletodopartsofothers’job.

C．Acknowledgingothers’workpublicly.

D．Holdingmeetingstoreportonprogress.

解析：

选A　细节理解题。

通读全文可知，文章中并没有提到在团队讨论中保持沉默有利于团队工作，故选A。

11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accountability”refertointhefifthparagraph?

A．Success.B．Responsibility.

C．Insurance.D．Community.

解析：

选B　词义猜测题。

根据画线词所在句的后一句“Allteammembersmustberesponsibleforthesuccessandfailureoftheproject.”可知，团队工作中所有成员都要对项目的成功和失败负责，故可推知，此处应选B。

12．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A．HowtoSucceedinCommunicatingwithOthers

B．HowtoWorkEffectivelyinaTeamEnvironment

C．WaystoWorkWellinCompletingProjects

D．WaystoImprovetheEfficiencyofEmployees

解析：

选B　标题归纳题。

根据本文的关键词“teamwork”并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲的是提高团队工作效率的方法和策略，故选B项。

D

（2018·昆明市高三复习教学质量检测）

USprivaterocketcompanySpaceXhasannouncedthattwoprivatecitizenshavepaidtobesentaroundtheMoon.Themission（任务）isplannedforlate2018.SpaceXCEOElonMusksaid,“Thispresentsanopportunityforhumanstoreturntodeepspaceforthefirsttimein45years.”

Thetwounnamedpeoplewillflyaboardaspaceshipwhichissetforitsfirstunmannedtestflightlaterthisyear.ThecooperationofAmerica’sNASAspaceagencyhasmadetheplanpossible.Mr.Musksaid,“Thetwopassen