全国高考英语大一轮复习话题版主题语境Unit5工作与职业讲义.docx
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全国高考英语大一轮复习话题版主题语境Unit5工作与职业讲义
Unit5工作与职业
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Thestudyraisesthepossibility(可能性)thatdietingisbadforyourhealth.
2.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallenge(挑战)andinspirewithhands-ontasksandlotsoffun.(2018·北京)
3.Studentsareencouragedtotakecontrol(控制)oftheirownlearning,ratherthanjustdependingontheteacher.
4.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertake(承担)voluntaryworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.
5.Inordertoimpressatajobinterview,youneedtobondwiththeinterviewer(主持面试者)rightaway.
6.Catherinewassupposedtogowithme.Butshemayhavetoworkextra(额外的)hourstomorrow.
7.Anygivenperformance(表演)takesatourbusfullofartists,technicalexperts,managers,musicians,orwriterstocreateanappealingpieceofart.
8.Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositioned(使自己站在……)myselftotakethebestphotoofthispanorama.(2017·天津)
9.Arecommendationletterisoftenyourearliestwrittencontactwithapotential(潜在的)employer,creatingacriticalfirstimpression.
10.TheWorldAdolescentRoboticsCompetitionwillbeheldinTianjinattheendofJulyinordertopromote(推动)thedevelopmentofrobotics.(2018·天津)
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Theappointment(appoint)wasgiventoTom,mainlyforpoliticalreasons.
2.Painters,digitalmediaexperts,photographers,bookingagentsandpromotersarehired(hire)tosellticketsandpromotetheevent.(2018·江苏)
3.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerally(general)furniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
4.Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemployment(employ)inengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.(2018·北京)
5.Becky,12atthetime,adjusted(adjust)tootheradultsbeinginthehousewhenshereturnedfromschool.
6.He’sbeengivensixmonthstoliveifhedoesn’tquitdrinking(drink).
7.Thearchitecture(architect)inthetowncentreisasuccessfulcombinationofoldandnew.
8.HispresencemeantthatIhadanunexpectedteachingassistant(assist)inclasswhosecreativitywouldinfectotherstudents.(2016·全国Ⅱ)
9.Theyalsoprovideeducational(educate)programsonfiresafetyintheresidencehalls.
(2018·天津)
10.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesigners(design)approachthisimportantpoint.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
Ⅲ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
1.byhislastletter,shemustbefromShanghai.
2.SternputTravisinthechargeoftheresearchteam.
3.Alltrafficcontrollersarethreateningtogoonastrike.
4.I’mlookingforwardtotheartgallerynextweek.
5.Ourteacherrequiredthatweattentiontoourhandwriting.
Ⅳ.选词填空
1.LearningyourkeeninterestinChineseculture,IsuggestyouapplyforPekingUniversity,oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.(2018·北京)
2.Aswelookahead,let’srememberwhatintheendwe’reworkingtoachieve.
3.Iwasoccupiedwithgoingovermylessonsformyfinalexamwhenhephonedtoinvitemeoutfordinner.
4.Withinashorttime,however,theburdenofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.
5.Iwatchedforthedesertsunsets,andhuntedforseashellsthathadbeenlefttheremillionsofyearsagowhenthesandsofthedeserthadbeenanoceanfloor.(2016·浙江)
6.SuchisDad—whateverproblemhemeetswith,henevergivesup.
7.Shortlyaftersufferingfromalargeearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins,thecitytookonanewlook.
8.Thefactorylaidoff100workerslastmonthbecauseofthebadsituation.
Ⅴ.同义词语替换
1.Carolinedoesn’thaveagiftformusic,butshemakesupforitwithhardwork.musicalability
2.Owenscameinandtookcontrolofthesituation.tookchargeof
3.Spaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpossibleissuesonearth.potentialproblems
4.Thisprojectrequirescloseteamwork.Nothingwillbeachievedunlessweworkwelltogether.cooperation
5.Thequestionsinajobinterviewareusuallydesignedtofindouthowthecandidateshandlethetrickysituationsinthepast.dealwith
6.Healwaysdreamsofbecominganexpertinthefieldofagriculture.intheareaof
applyvt.涂;敷;应用;运用
vi.申请;请求;使用;专心致志
(1)apply(tosb.)forsth.(向某人)申请某物
applyto适用于
applysth.tosth.把某物应用/涂抹于……
applyoneselfto致力于/集中精力于……
(2)applicationn.申请(书);应用
applicantn.申请人
(1)Thenewtechnology,ifapplied(apply)toricegrowing,willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.
(2)Applicants(apply)arerequiredtohaveadegreeindancearea,teachingexperienceataprofessionalorcollegelevel,abilitytodirectandteachstagemovement.(2018·河南南阳模拟)
(3)Hehasappliedtotheschoolforscholarship.
[句式升级]
(4)Ifyouapplyyourselftothejobinhand,you’llsoonfinishit.
①Applyingyourselftothejobinhand,you’llsoonfinishit.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
②Applyyourselftothejobinhand,andyou’llsoonfinishit.(用“祈使句+and+陈述句”改写)
(1)appointsb.as/tobe...任命某人为……
appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事
(2)appointmentn.约会;预约;任命,委任
byappointment按照约定
have/make/fixanappointment(withsb.)(与某人)预约/约会
keep/breakanappointment守/违约
(3)appointedadj.指定的;约定的
(1)Themanagerappointedhimtoreceive(receive)thebusinessman.
(2)Theyignoredtheappointed(appoint)timeandlefttheirhomesonlyafterthefixedtime.
(3)—Goodmorning,MrLee’soffice.
—Goodmorning.I’dliketomakeanappointment(appoint)fornextWednesdayafternoon.
(2018·北京)
(4)Anewengineerwasappointed(appoint)todealwiththeproductsreturnedbycustomers.
(2018·北京西城区模拟)
[句式升级]
(5)Hewasappointedaspresidentoftheuniversityyesterday.Heisgivingaspeechontheplatformnow.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
Appointedaspresidentoftheuniversityyesterday,heisgivingaspeechontheplatformnow.
易错点拨
表示委任某人担任某职务时,要分清两种情况:
(1)若指的是抽象的职位(如position,office,presidency,chairmanship等),则用“appointsb.to+抽象职位”。
(2)若指的是具体的某职位(如headmaster,manager,chairman,president等),则用“appointsb.(tobe/as)+具体职位”。
如:
Whoshallweappoint(tobe/as)chairmanoftheclub?
=Whoshallweappointtothechairmanshipoftheclub?
我们派谁担任俱乐部的主席呢?
(1)earnone’sliving谋生
earnsb.sth.使某人得到……
(2)earningsn.收入;工资;利润
(1)Thecompany’searnings(earn)havedroppedby5%inthefirstquarter.
公司第一季度的利润下降了5%。
(2)Heusedtoearnhislivingbyfishing.
他过去靠打渔为生。
(3)Hishonestyhasearnedhimrespect.
他的诚实已经为他自己赢得了尊敬。
(1)employsb.todo...雇用某人做……
employ...as...雇用……当……
employoneselfin(doing)...从事……,忙于……
beemployedin(doing)...从事……,忙于……
(2)employmentn.雇用;职业;就业
inemployment在业,有工作
outofemployment失业
(3)employern.雇主,老板
employeen.雇工,雇员
(1)Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployees(employ)enjoytheirwork.
(2)Johnhasbeenoutofemployment(失业)forthreeyears.
[句式升级]
(3)Hewasemployedinreadingandhedidn’tseeTomcomein.
①Employedinreading,hedidn’tseeTomcomein.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
②Employinghimselfinreading,hedidn’tseeTomcomein.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
hirevt.雇用;租用
n.[U]租用;雇用
(1)hireout出租
(2)onhire已出租
forhire供出租
(1)Atwork,itisIQthatgetsyouhired(hire)butitisEQthatgetsyoupromoted.
(2)Thereisagrowingtendencyamongemployerstohire(hire)casualstaff.
(3)Thereweremotorcyclesforhire.
(1)informsb.of/aboutsth.通知某人某事
informsb.that...通知某人……
(2)informedadj.消息灵通的;见多识广的
keepsb.informedof/about...随时通知某人……;使某人知道……
(1)OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptextinforming(inform)himthatacouplehedidn’tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthearrivalofababy.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
(2)Hehasbeeninformed(inform)thathedoesn’tqualifyforthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.(2017·江苏)
(3)ItwasconsiderateofMichaeltoinformusof/about(通知我们……)hisdelayincasewegotworried.
(4)[同义句改写] Heinformedthecompanyoftheship’ssafearrival.(改为复合句)
→Heinformedthecompanythattheshiphadarrivedsafely.
易错点拨
inform后不接双宾语,也不用于informsth.tosb.。
要表示“告诉某人某事”,通常用informsb.of/aboutsth.。
inform的宾语通常只能是人,所以当后接从句时,其前的sb.不能省略。
(1)Sheworkedhardandwaspromoted(promote)fromasaleswomantoamiddlemanager.
(2)Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytogetpromoted(promote),Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中promote的汉语意思
(3)Theyarepromotingtheirnewproductsontelevision.A
A.推销;促销 B.促进 C.提升
(1)recommendsth.tosb.向某人推荐某物
recommendsb.for/as/tobe...推荐某人为……
recommenddoingsth.建议(劝告)做某事
recommendsb.todosth.劝告某人做某事
recommendthat...(should)do...建议……
(2)recommendationn.推荐;建议;介绍信
(1)Canyourecommendagooddictionarytome?
(2)Iwouldneverrecommendusing(use)asunbedonaregularbasis.
(3)Iwillbegladifyoucanconsidermyrecommendation(recommend).
[一句多译]
(4)我建议他买这本书。
①Irecommendhimtobuythisbook.
②Irecommendthathe(should)buythisbook.
[同义句改写]
(5)Whatisrecommendedintheregulationisthatoneshouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofhis/here-mailaccount.
→Itisrecommendedintheregulationthatoneshouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofhis/here-mailaccount.
(1)takeresponsibilityfor对……有责任;对……负责
Itissb.’sresponsibilitytodosth.做……是某人的职责。
asenseofresponsibility责任感
(2)responsibleadj.负责的,可靠的;负有责任的,应负责任的
beresponsiblefor对(某行为)负责;是……的原因
(1)It’simportanttoteachyourteenhowtobehaveresponsibly(responsible).
(2)Itwasherresponsibilitythatallmembers(should)beinformed(inform).
(3)[同义句改写] Wearetheoneswhoareresponsibleforourlifeandfuture.
→Wearetheoneswhotakeresponsibilityforourlifeandfuture.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中responsible的汉语意思
(4)Thechemicalisdirectlyresponsibleforthosedeaths.C
A.尽责的 B.懂道理的 C.引起……的
易错点拨
responsibility后接that从句时,从句通常要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用(should)do。
(1)requiresth.ofsb.要求某人某事
requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事
sth.require(s)doing/tobedone某事需要……
Itisrequiredthat...(should)do...要求……
(2)requirementn.要求;必要条件;需要
meet/satisfyone’srequirements满足某人的要求