全国高考英语大一轮复习话题版主题语境Unit5工作与职业讲义.docx

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全国高考英语大一轮复习话题版主题语境Unit5工作与职业讲义.docx

全国高考英语大一轮复习话题版主题语境Unit5工作与职业讲义

Unit5工作与职业

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.Thestudyraisesthepossibility(可能性)thatdietingisbadforyourhealth.

2.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallenge(挑战)andinspirewithhands-ontasksandlotsoffun.(2018·北京)

3.Studentsareencouragedtotakecontrol(控制)oftheirownlearning,ratherthanjustdependingontheteacher.

4.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertake(承担)voluntaryworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.

5.Inordertoimpressatajobinterview,youneedtobondwiththeinterviewer(主持面试者)rightaway.

6.Catherinewassupposedtogowithme.Butshemayhavetoworkextra(额外的)hourstomorrow.

7.Anygivenperformance(表演)takesatourbusfullofartists,technicalexperts,managers,musicians,orwriterstocreateanappealingpieceofart.

8.Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositioned(使自己站在……)myselftotakethebestphotoofthispanorama.(2017·天津)

9.Arecommendationletterisoftenyourearliestwrittencontactwithapotential(潜在的)employer,creatingacriticalfirstimpression.

10.TheWorldAdolescentRoboticsCompetitionwillbeheldinTianjinattheendofJulyinordertopromote(推动)thedevelopmentofrobotics.(2018·天津)

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1.Theappointment(appoint)wasgiventoTom,mainlyforpoliticalreasons.

2.Painters,digitalmediaexperts,photographers,bookingagentsandpromotersarehired(hire)tosellticketsandpromotetheevent.(2018·江苏)

3.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerally(general)furniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.(2018·全国Ⅰ)

4.Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemployment(employ)inengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.(2018·北京)

5.Becky,12atthetime,adjusted(adjust)tootheradultsbeinginthehousewhenshereturnedfromschool.

6.He’sbeengivensixmonthstoliveifhedoesn’tquitdrinking(drink).

7.Thearchitecture(architect)inthetowncentreisasuccessfulcombinationofoldandnew.

8.HispresencemeantthatIhadanunexpectedteachingassistant(assist)inclasswhosecreativitywouldinfectotherstudents.(2016·全国Ⅱ)

9.Theyalsoprovideeducational(educate)programsonfiresafetyintheresidencehalls.

(2018·天津)

10.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesigners(design)approachthisimportantpoint.(2018·全国Ⅰ)

Ⅲ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)

1.byhislastletter,shemustbefromShanghai.

2.SternputTravisinthechargeoftheresearchteam.

3.Alltrafficcontrollersarethreateningtogoonastrike.

4.I’mlookingforwardtotheartgallerynextweek.

5.Ourteacherrequiredthatweattentiontoourhandwriting.

Ⅳ.选词填空

1.LearningyourkeeninterestinChineseculture,IsuggestyouapplyforPekingUniversity,oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.(2018·北京)

2.Aswelookahead,let’srememberwhatintheendwe’reworkingtoachieve.

3.Iwasoccupiedwithgoingovermylessonsformyfinalexamwhenhephonedtoinvitemeoutfordinner.

4.Withinashorttime,however,theburdenofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.

5.Iwatchedforthedesertsunsets,andhuntedforseashellsthathadbeenlefttheremillionsofyearsagowhenthesandsofthedeserthadbeenanoceanfloor.(2016·浙江)

6.SuchisDad—whateverproblemhemeetswith,henevergivesup.

7.Shortlyaftersufferingfromalargeearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins,thecitytookonanewlook.

8.Thefactorylaidoff100workerslastmonthbecauseofthebadsituation.

Ⅴ.同义词语替换

1.Carolinedoesn’thaveagiftformusic,butshemakesupforitwithhardwork.musicalability

2.Owenscameinandtookcontrolofthesituation.tookchargeof

3.Spaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpossibleissuesonearth.potentialproblems

4.Thisprojectrequirescloseteamwork.Nothingwillbeachievedunlessweworkwelltogether.cooperation

5.Thequestionsinajobinterviewareusuallydesignedtofindouthowthecandidateshandlethetrickysituationsinthepast.dealwith

6.Healwaysdreamsofbecominganexpertinthefieldofagriculture.intheareaof

applyvt.涂;敷;应用;运用

vi.申请;请求;使用;专心致志

(1)apply(tosb.)forsth.(向某人)申请某物

applyto适用于

applysth.tosth.把某物应用/涂抹于……

applyoneselfto致力于/集中精力于……

(2)applicationn.申请(书);应用

applicantn.申请人

(1)Thenewtechnology,ifapplied(apply)toricegrowing,willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.

(2)Applicants(apply)arerequiredtohaveadegreeindancearea,teachingexperienceataprofessionalorcollegelevel,abilitytodirectandteachstagemovement.(2018·河南南阳模拟)

(3)Hehasappliedtotheschoolforscholarship.

[句式升级]

(4)Ifyouapplyyourselftothejobinhand,you’llsoonfinishit.

①Applyingyourselftothejobinhand,you’llsoonfinishit.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)

②Applyyourselftothejobinhand,andyou’llsoonfinishit.(用“祈使句+and+陈述句”改写)

(1)appointsb.as/tobe...任命某人为……

appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事

(2)appointmentn.约会;预约;任命,委任

byappointment按照约定

have/make/fixanappointment(withsb.)(与某人)预约/约会

keep/breakanappointment守/违约

(3)appointedadj.指定的;约定的

(1)Themanagerappointedhimtoreceive(receive)thebusinessman.

(2)Theyignoredtheappointed(appoint)timeandlefttheirhomesonlyafterthefixedtime.

(3)—Goodmorning,MrLee’soffice.

—Goodmorning.I’dliketomakeanappointment(appoint)fornextWednesdayafternoon.

(2018·北京)

(4)Anewengineerwasappointed(appoint)todealwiththeproductsreturnedbycustomers.

(2018·北京西城区模拟)

[句式升级]

(5)Hewasappointedaspresidentoftheuniversityyesterday.Heisgivingaspeechontheplatformnow.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

Appointedaspresidentoftheuniversityyesterday,heisgivingaspeechontheplatformnow.

易错点拨

 表示委任某人担任某职务时,要分清两种情况:

(1)若指的是抽象的职位(如position,office,presidency,chairmanship等),则用“appointsb.to+抽象职位”。

(2)若指的是具体的某职位(如headmaster,manager,chairman,president等),则用“appointsb.(tobe/as)+具体职位”。

如:

Whoshallweappoint(tobe/as)chairmanoftheclub?

=Whoshallweappointtothechairmanshipoftheclub?

我们派谁担任俱乐部的主席呢?

(1)earnone’sliving谋生

earnsb.sth.使某人得到……

(2)earningsn.收入;工资;利润

(1)Thecompany’searnings(earn)havedroppedby5%inthefirstquarter.

公司第一季度的利润下降了5%。

(2)Heusedtoearnhislivingbyfishing.

他过去靠打渔为生。

(3)Hishonestyhasearnedhimrespect.

他的诚实已经为他自己赢得了尊敬。

(1)employsb.todo...雇用某人做……

employ...as...雇用……当……

employoneselfin(doing)...从事……,忙于……

beemployedin(doing)...从事……,忙于……

(2)employmentn.雇用;职业;就业

inemployment在业,有工作

outofemployment失业

(3)employern.雇主,老板

employeen.雇工,雇员

(1)Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployees(employ)enjoytheirwork.

(2)Johnhasbeenoutofemployment(失业)forthreeyears.

[句式升级]

(3)Hewasemployedinreadingandhedidn’tseeTomcomein.

①Employedinreading,hedidn’tseeTomcomein.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

②Employinghimselfinreading,hedidn’tseeTomcomein.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)

hirevt.雇用;租用

n.[U]租用;雇用

(1)hireout出租

(2)onhire已出租

forhire供出租

(1)Atwork,itisIQthatgetsyouhired(hire)butitisEQthatgetsyoupromoted.

(2)Thereisagrowingtendencyamongemployerstohire(hire)casualstaff.

(3)Thereweremotorcyclesforhire.

(1)informsb.of/aboutsth.通知某人某事

informsb.that...通知某人……

(2)informedadj.消息灵通的;见多识广的

keepsb.informedof/about...随时通知某人……;使某人知道……

(1)OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptextinforming(inform)himthatacouplehedidn’tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthearrivalofababy.(2018·全国Ⅲ)

(2)Hehasbeeninformed(inform)thathedoesn’tqualifyforthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.(2017·江苏)

(3)ItwasconsiderateofMichaeltoinformusof/about(通知我们……)hisdelayincasewegotworried.

(4)[同义句改写] Heinformedthecompanyoftheship’ssafearrival.(改为复合句)

→Heinformedthecompanythattheshiphadarrivedsafely.

易错点拨

 inform后不接双宾语,也不用于informsth.tosb.。

要表示“告诉某人某事”,通常用informsb.of/aboutsth.。

inform的宾语通常只能是人,所以当后接从句时,其前的sb.不能省略。

(1)Sheworkedhardandwaspromoted(promote)fromasaleswomantoamiddlemanager.

(2)Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytogetpromoted(promote),Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.

[熟词生义] 选择句子中promote的汉语意思

(3)Theyarepromotingtheirnewproductsontelevision.A

A.推销;促销  B.促进  C.提升

(1)recommendsth.tosb.向某人推荐某物

recommendsb.for/as/tobe...推荐某人为……

recommenddoingsth.建议(劝告)做某事

recommendsb.todosth.劝告某人做某事

recommendthat...(should)do...建议……

(2)recommendationn.推荐;建议;介绍信

(1)Canyourecommendagooddictionarytome?

(2)Iwouldneverrecommendusing(use)asunbedonaregularbasis.

(3)Iwillbegladifyoucanconsidermyrecommendation(recommend).

[一句多译]

(4)我建议他买这本书。

①Irecommendhimtobuythisbook.

②Irecommendthathe(should)buythisbook.

[同义句改写]

(5)Whatisrecommendedintheregulationisthatoneshouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofhis/here-mailaccount.

→Itisrecommendedintheregulationthatoneshouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofhis/here-mailaccount.

(1)takeresponsibilityfor对……有责任;对……负责

Itissb.’sresponsibilitytodosth.做……是某人的职责。

asenseofresponsibility责任感

(2)responsibleadj.负责的,可靠的;负有责任的,应负责任的

beresponsiblefor对(某行为)负责;是……的原因

(1)It’simportanttoteachyourteenhowtobehaveresponsibly(responsible).

(2)Itwasherresponsibilitythatallmembers(should)beinformed(inform).

(3)[同义句改写] Wearetheoneswhoareresponsibleforourlifeandfuture.

→Wearetheoneswhotakeresponsibilityforourlifeandfuture.

[熟词生义] 选择句子中responsible的汉语意思

(4)Thechemicalisdirectlyresponsibleforthosedeaths.C

A.尽责的  B.懂道理的  C.引起……的

易错点拨

 responsibility后接that从句时,从句通常要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用(should)do。

(1)requiresth.ofsb.要求某人某事

requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事

sth.require(s)doing/tobedone某事需要……

Itisrequiredthat...(should)do...要求……

(2)requirementn.要求;必要条件;需要

meet/satisfyone’srequirements满足某人的要求

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