英语卷届北京四中高三第一次模拟考试一模仿真卷A卷Word版含答案.docx

英语卷届北京四中高三第一次模拟考试一模仿真卷A卷Word版含答案.docx

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英语卷届北京四中高三第一次模拟考试一模仿真卷A卷Word版含答案

2018届高三第一次模拟考试仿真卷

英语（A）

注意事项：

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第Ⅰ卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：

每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Infairytales,it'susuallytheprincessthatneedsprotecting.AtGoogleinSiliconValley,theprincessistheonedefendingthecastle.ParisaTabrizisa31-year-oldwithperhapsthemostuniquejobtitleinengineering-“GoogleSecurityPrincess”.Herjobistohackintothemostpopularwebbrowser（浏览器）ontheplanet,tryingtofindweaknessesinthesystembeforethe“blackhats”do.TodefeatGoogle'sattackers,Tabrizmustfirstlythinklikethem.

Tabriz'srolehasevolveddramaticallyintheeightyearssinceshefirststartedworkingatGoogle.Backthen,theyounggraduatefromIllinoisUniversitywasoneof50securityengineers---todaythereareover500.

Cybercrime（网络犯罪）hascomealongwayinthepastdecade-fromtheNigerianPrinceScamtocreditcardtheft.Tabriz'sbiggestconcernnowisthepeoplewhofindbugsinGoogle'ssoftware,andselltheinformationtogovernmentsorcriminals.Tofightagainstthis,thecompanyhassetupaVulnerabilityRewardsProgram,payinganywherefrom$100to$20,000forreportedmistakes.

It'saworldawayfromTabriz'scomputer-freechildhoodhomeinChicago.ThedaughterofanIranian-Americandoctorfather,andPolish-Americannursemother,Tabrizhadlittlecontactwithcomputersuntilshestartedstudyingengineeringatcollege.Gazeacrossaline-upofGooglesecuritystafftodayandyou'llfindwomenlikeTabrizarefewandfarbetween（稀少的）---thoughinthelastfewyearsshehashiredmorefemaletechgeniuses.Sheadmitsthere'sanobviousgenderdisequilibriuminSiliconValley.

Funnilyenough,duringtrainingsessionsTabrizfirstasksnewcolleaguestohackintonotacomputer,butavendingmachine.Tabriz'sjobisasmuchabouttechnologicalknow-how（专门知识）asunderstandingthepsychologyofattackers.

21.WhatcanwelearnaboutTabrizfromthepassage?

A.ShewasthefirstfemaleengineeratGoogle.

B.Shemustthinkdifferentlysoastodefeattheattackers.

C.Herjobrelatestonotonlytechnologybutalsopsychology.

D.Herfrequentcontactwithcomputersinchildhoodbenefitsheralot.

22.WhyhasGooglesetupaVulnerabilityRewardsProgram?

A.ToprotectGoogleagainstcybercrime.

B.TomonitorthenormaloperationofGoogle.

C.Tohelpthegovernmentlocatethecybercriminals.

D.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofpersonalinformationsafety.

23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disequilibrium”inParagraph4referto?

A.Imbalance.B.Preference.C.Difference.D.Discrimination.

24.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?

A.Whatleadstocybercrime

B.The“SecurityPrincess”whoguardsGoogle

C.MeasurestakenbyGoogletoprotectitsusers

D.Howtobecomeanexcellentsecurityengineer

B

TheEnglishhaveadifficultand,generallyspeaking,dysfunctional（怪异的）relationshipwithclothes.Theirmainproblemisthattheyhaveadesperateneedforrules,andareunabletogetalongwithoutthem.Thishelpstoexplainwhytheyhaveaninternationalreputationfordressingingeneralverybadly,butwithspecificareasofexcellence,suchashigh-classmen’ssuits,ceremonialcostumes,andinnovative（革新的）streetfashion.Inotherwords,weEnglishdressbestwhenweare“inuniform”.

YoumaybesurprisedthatIamincluding“innovativestreetfashion”inthecategoryoftheuniform.Surelytheparrot-hairedpunks（朋克摇滚乐迷）ortheVictorianvampiregothsarebeingoriginal,notfollowingrules?

It’struethattheyalllookdifferentandeccentric（古怪的）butinfacttheyalllookeccentricexactlyinthesameway.Theyarewearingauniform.TheonlytrulyeccentricdresserinthiscountryistheQueen,whopaysnoattentiontofashionandcontinuestowearwhatshelikes,akindof1950sfashion,withnoregardforanyoneelse’sopinion.However,itistruethatthestylesinventedbyyoungEnglishpeoplearemuchmoreeccentricthananyothernation’sstreetfashion.Wemaynotbeindividuallyeccentric,apartfromtheQueen,butwehaveasortofcollectiveeccentricity,and\yeappreciateoriginalityindressevenifwedonotindividuallyhaveit.

Another“rule”ofbehaviorIhaddiscoveredwasthatitisveryimportantfortheEnglishnottotakethemselvestooseriously,tobeabletolaughatthemselves.However,itiswellknownthatmostteenagerstendtotakethemselvesabittooseriously.

Thegoths,intheirscaryblackcostumes,certainlylookasiftheyaretakingthemselvesseriously.ButwhenIgotintoconversationwiththem,Idiscoveredthattheytoohadasenseofhumor.Iwasoncechattingtoagothinthefullvampirecostume—withawhiteface,deeppurplelipstick,andblackparrot-hair.IsawhewasalsowearingaT-shirtwith“Goth”.“Whyareyouwearingthat?

”Iasked.“Incaseyoudon’trealizeI’magoth.”heanswered,pretendingtobeserious.Webothburstoutlaughing.

25.WhatcanweknowabouttheEnglishpeople?

A.Theyneedrulestodresswell.B.Theyareinneedofuniforms.

C.Theyarecreativeingeneral.D.Theyleadtheworldtrend.

26.Whoisindividuallyeccentricindressing?

A.Ahigh-classman.B.Aparrot-hairedpunk.

C.TheQueen.D.Thefashioninnovator.

27.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethegoths?

A.Theydressbadly.

B.Theydressinanamusingway.

C.Theyareunabletolaughatthewaytheydress.

D.TheyarelessfashionablethantheotherEnglishpeople.

28.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowtheEnglishDress

B.HowtheEnglishAdmireFashion

C.WhytheEnglishLikeUniforms

D.WhytheEnglishAreEccentricinDress

C

Notlongago,peoplethoughtbabieswerenotabletolearnthingsuntiltheywerefiveorsixmonthsold.YetdoctorsintheUnitedStatessaybabiesbeginlearningontheirfirstdayoflife.Scientistsnotethatbabiesarestronglyinfluencedbytheirenvironment.Theysayababywillsmileifhermotherdoessomethingthebabylikes.Ababylearnstogetthebestcarepossiblebysmilingtopleasehermotherorothercaregivers.Thisishowbabieslearntoconnectandcommunicatewithotherhumanbeings.Onestudyshowsthatbabiescanlearnbeforetheyareborn.Theresearchersplacedataperecorderonthestomachofapregnantwoman.Then,theyplayedarecordingofashortstory.Onthedaythebabywasborn,theresearchersattemptedtofindifheknewthesoundsofthestoryrepeatedwhileinhismother.Theydidthisbyplacingadeviceinthemouthofthenewbornbaby.

Thebabywouldhearthestoryifhemovedhismouthoneway.Ifthebabymovedhismouththeotherway,hewouldhearadifferentstory.Theresearcherssaythebabyclearlylikedthestoryheheardbeforehewasborn.Theysaythebabywouldmovehismouthsohecouldhearthestoryagainandagain.

Anotherstudyshowshowmotherscanstronglyinfluencesocialdevelopmentandlanguageskillsintheirchildren.Researchersstudiedthechildrenfromtheageofonemonthtothreeyears.Theresearchersattemptedtomeasurethesensitivityofthemothers.Thewomenwereconsideredsensitiveiftheysupportedtheirchildren’sactivitiesanddidnotinterfere（干预）unnecessarily.Theytestedthechildrenforthinkingandlanguagedevelopmentwhentheywerethreeyearsold.Also,theresearchersobservedthewomenforsignsofdepression.Thechildrenofdepressedwomendidnotdoaswellintestsasthechildrenofwomenwhodidnotsufferfromdepression.Thechildrenofdepressedwomendidpoorlyintestsoflanguageskillsandunderstandingwhattheyhear.

Thesechildrenalsowerelesscooperativeandhadmoreproblemsdealingwithotherpeople.Theresearchersnotedthatthesensitivityofthemotherswasimportanttotheintelligencedevelopmentoftheirchildren.Childrendidbetterwhentheirmotherswerecaring,evenwhentheysufferedfromdepression.

29.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTthefactorthatinfluencesintelligencedevelopmentinbabies?

A.Theenvironment.B.Theirpeers

C.Mother’ssensitivityD.Educationbeforebirth

30.Whatisthepurposeoftheexperimentinwhichnewbornbabiesheardthestories?

A.Toprovethatbabiescanlearnonthefirstdaytheyareborn

B.Toshowmotherscanstronglyinfluenceintelligencedevelopmentintheirbabies

C.Toindicateearlyeducationhasadeepeffectonthebabies’languageskills

D.Toprovethatbabiescanlearnbeforetheyareborn

31.Whichgroupofchildrendidtheworstintestsoflanguageskills?

A.Thechildrenofwomenwhodidnotsufferfromdepression

B.Thechildrenofdepressedbutcaringmothers

C.Thechildrenofdepressedmotherswhocaredlittlefortheirchildren

D.Childrenwithhighcommunicationabilities

32.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Scientificfindingsabouthowintelligencedevelopsinbabies

B.Scientificfindingsabouthowbabiesdevelopbeforebirth

C.Scientificfindingsabouthowtimehasaneffectonbabies’intelligence

D.Astudyshowsbabiesarenotabletolearnthingsuntiltheyarefiveorsixmonthsold

D

OversevenmonthshavepassedsincePanamanianofficialslaunchedanexpansionoftheworldfamousPanamaCanal.Officialsagreedtotheexpansionsothatmanyoftheworld’slargestcargoships（货船）couldeasilypassthroughthecanal.Yetthe$5.25-billionprojecthasproblems.Itsaysshipsstillcontinuetorubagainstthecanal’swallsandwearoutitsdefensesdesignedtoprotectbothshippingandthewaterway.

Adangeroussystem

Theca