学年人教版必修五Unit 3 Life in the future reading课时作业.docx

学年人教版必修五Unit 3 Life in the future reading课时作业.docx

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学年人教版必修五Unit3Lifeinthefuturereading课时作业

Unit3Lifeinthefuturereading课时作业

第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

A

There’smoretomobileappsthanjustsocialmedia.Here,TEENShaspickedoutfiveofourcurrentfavoritesthatmayjustbrightenupyourlife.

TaoMix2–Android/iOS

Thisistheperfectappforwhenyourhomeworkisfinallyfinishedandyoucanrelaxforawhile.TaoMix2providesnaturalsoundstoallowyourworriestodriftfaraway.Thesoundtracksfeaturebirdsong,lightrain,mildthunder,andmanyothercomfortingsounds.Wouldyouliketoimaginethatyouareinatentonahillwithnooneformilesaround?

TaoMix2canhelpyou.Thesoundofrainaboveyourheadwilltakeyouthere.Somelikemusictoaccompanytheirnaturesounds.Thankfully,Taomix2hasachoiceofambient（轻松的）melodiestodeepenyourstateofcalm.Youcanlettheappchoosethemusicforyouoryoucantakecontrolyourselfbymixingandmatchingyoursounds.Taomix2istheperfecttoolforanyonewhowantstounwind（放松）attheendofalongday.

MyHomeworkStudentPlanner–Android/iOS

Itseemslikethere’sneveranendtoschoolwork.Keepingtrackofwhatyouhavetodoandmakingsureit’sdonewhentheteacherwantsitrequiresorganization.However,myHomeworkisastudentplannerthatlookstobethebestonthemarket.Itallowsyoutotrackclasses,testsandhomework.TheappisfreebutifyoupayasmallextrachargeyoucangetaccesstothemyHomeworkwebsiteandreceivehomeworkreminders.Thisapphasbeenaroundsince2009andhasbeenconstantlyupdatedsince.Andwithsomanygreatreviews,itcouldjustbetheperfectreplacementforpen-and-pencilplanning.

FaceApp–Android/iOS

CurrentlyverypopularintheUS,FaceAppisahighlyentertainingappthatchangesyourfaceinstrangeandfunnyways.FaceAppwilltakeaphotoofyourfaceandageit,ormakeityounger,forceittosmile,ormakeitgrimace（做鬼脸）.Faceappcanevenchangeyoursex.Everwonderedwhatthemaleorfemaleversionofyourselflookslike?

TryFaceAppandseeforyourself.Thisappismainlyforfun,butnottotallyso.Ifyou’relookingforanimpressiveWeChatprofilephoto,thisappcanmakeafewimprovementstoyourimage.You’llstilllooklikeyou,butjustalittlebetter.Witharatingof4.7onApple’sAppStore,Faceappisoneofthehitsof2018.

Endomondo–Android/iOS

There’sabigmarkettodayforfitnessapps,especiallysincetheappearanceoftheAppleWatchandFitbit.Busypeopleareconcernedthattheycan’tfindthehoursinthedaytotakeexercise.ThisiswhereEndomondocouldmakeadifference.Itallowsyoutotrackyourperformanceinafitnessorsportingactivity.Afteryou’vebeenforarunorclimbedahill,youcanlookatthefiguresofyourphysicalperformance.Youcanseethekilometersyoucovered,yourmaximumspeed,andthecaloriesyouburned.Endomondoalsoallowsyoutocompareyourperformancewithotherpeople’s,soyoucanjudgethestateofyourfitness.Inaddition,likearealcoach,theappgivesyouadviceonhowtoimproveyourworkouts.

MonumentValley–Android/iOS

It’sbeenavailablesince2014andisaspopularnowasitwaswhenitfirstappeared.MonumentValleyisagame,buthasalottooffer.Itsmillionsoffansworldwidesayit’smorelikeabeautifulartisticexperienceinsightandsoundthansimplyatestoftheplayer’sabilities.YourjobistoguidePrincessIdatoherdestination.Todothatyoumustleadherthroughunusualbuildingsandenchanted（有魔法的）forests.Indeed,manyplayerssaythatplayingMonumentValleyisliketakingajourneythroughapainting.Thelatestupdatehasaddedmorecontent:

ForgottenShoresconsistsofeightnewchapters.It’snotfree,butthequalityofthegamemakesitworththemoney.

1.Youhavetopayforthelatestversionifyouareusing___________.

A.TaoMix2B.MyHomeworkStudentPlannerC.FaceAppD.MonumentValley

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheappsabove?

A.YoucanchoosethesoundtracksinitorcreatethesoundsyoulikewhenusingTaomix.

B.MyHomeworkStudentPlannerisanupdatedapptoreplaceaformerversion.

C.FaceAppiswellreceivedduetoitsfunctionsforentertainmentaswellaspracticaluse.

D.YoucangainthefeedbacksaboutyourfitnessbyusingEndomondo.

B

Insports,sometimesaplayerhastotakeonefortheteam.Thesameappearstobetrueintheplantworld,wherereducedindividualgrowthcanbenefitthebroadercommunity.ThefindingsfromtheUniversityofMichigan’sPaulGlaumandAndréKesslerofCornellUniversityhelpexplainthepersistence（持续存在）ofsomeplantcommunitieswhentheorypredictstheyshouldgoextinct（绝种的）.

“Welookedathowchemicaldefensecues（信号）fromplants,meanttopreventherbivores（食草动物）,canalsopreventpollinators,”saidGlaum,adoctoralstudentintheU-MDepartmentofEcologyandEvolutionaryBiology.“Thesurprisingmodelresultisthatwhilethiscanleadtofitnesslossesforindividuals,thepopulationeffectscanbepositiveforpollinatorsandplantsundersomecircumstances.”

Manyplants,includingthewildtomatospeciesusedinthisstudy,producechemicalcompoundstorepel（排斥）insectpestsandotherhungryherbivores.Butthosesamechemicaldefensescanreducethenumberofvisitstotheplantbypollinatorssuchasbees,resultinginlesspollinationofindividualplantsanddecreasedgrowth.

“Biologistshavepuzzledoverhowsuchacostlydefensemechanism（机制）canbemaintainedintheseplantpopulations,”Glaumsaid.“Howwouldaplantpopulationwithsuchastrategypersist?

”GlaumandKesslerdevelopedacomputermodelshowingthatdecreasedgrowthofindividualplantscanbenefitoverallpopulationsandcommunityresilience（恢复力）byindirectlycontrollingherbivorepopulationgrowth.Theresultsintroducemechanismsofpersistenceintocommunitiespreviouslyfoundtobeprone（易于遭受的）toextinctionintheoreticalmodels.

Tomatoesandotherplantsproducerepellentchemicalscalledvolatile（易挥发的）organiccompoundsinresponsetoherbivoreattacks.Thepresenceoftheseso-calledherbivore-inducedvolatileorganiccompoundscanmaketheplantlessattractivetopollinators,whichcanreducepollendeposition（沉淀物）andnegativelyaffectindividualplants,aneffectknownasherbivore-inducedpollinatorlimitation.

Previousmodelingstudieshavelookedatthedirecteffectsofherbivoryonathree-speciescommunity:

floweringplant,pollinatorandherbivore.Someofthosestudiespredictedextinctionsbecausegrowingherbivorepopulationswouldreducethenumberofplants,limitingresourcesavailabletopollinators.Inresponse,thepollinatorpopulationwoulddecline,loweringplantreproduction.

3Accordingtothepassage,thepersistenceofsomeplantcommunitiesmaydependon__________.

A.chemicaldefensesofplantsB.increasedindividualgrowth

C.reducedchemicalcompoundsD.defensemechanismsofpollinators

4.TheunderlinedwordpollinatorinParagraph2probablyrefersto__________.

A.akindofinsectsthathelpplantsreproduceB.akindofanimalsthateatplants

C.aprocessofformingaplantcommunityD.achemicalthatdoesharmtoplants

5.Volatileorganiccompoundsare__________.

A.lessattractivetopollinators

B.abletohavenegativeeffectsonindividualplants

C.knownasherbivore-inducedpollinatorlimitation

D.chemicalsproducedbyplantstoattractherbivores

C

Chinasufferschokingsmog,massdestructionofhabitatsandfoodpoisonedwithheavymetals.Butaskanenvironmentalistwhatisthecountry’sbiggestproblem,andtheanswerisalwaysthesame.“Wateristheworst,”saysWangTao,oftheCarnegieTsinghuaCentreinBeijing,“becauseofitsshortage,andbecauseofitspollution.”“Withoutwater，”agreesPanJiahua,oftheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences,“peoplecannotsurviveinadesert.”WangShucheng，aformerwaterminister,oncesaid,“Tofightforeverydropofwaterordie.ThatisthechallengefacingChina.”Hewasnotexaggerating（夸大）.

Chinauses600billioncubicmetersofwaterayear.Thenationalaveragehidesanevenmorealarmingregionaldifference.FourfifthsofChina’swaterisinthesouth,particularlytheYangtzeriverbasin.Halfthepeopleandtwothirdsofthefarmlandareinthenorth,includingtheYellowRiverbasin.BeijinghasthesortofwatershortageusuallyassociatedwithSaudiArabia:

just100cubicmetersperpersonayear.

Chinaisusingupwateratanunsustainable（无法可持续的）rate.Asifthatwerenotbadenough,______.TheYellowRiverisoftencalledthecradleofChinesecivilization.However,athirdofthewaterisunfitevenforagriculture.Fourthousandpetrochemicalfactoriesarcbuiltonitsbanks.

Thewateravailableforuseisthussobad.SongLanhe,chiefengineerforurbanwaterqualitymonitoringatthehousingministry,saysonlyhalfthewatersourcesincitiesaresafetodrink.MorethanhalfthegroundwaterinthenorthChinaplaincannotbeusedforindustry,whilesevententhsisunfitforhumancontact,evenforwashing.

Thebestanswerwouldbetoimprovetheefficiencywithwhichwaterisused.Onlyabout40%ofwaterusedinindustryisrecycled，halfasmuchasinEurope.Therestisdumpedinriversandlakes.WangZhanshengofTsinghuaUniversityarguesthatChinaisneglectingitsurbanwaterinfrastructure（基础设施）、leadingtomorewaste.WaterpricesinmostcitiesareonlyaboutatenthofthelevelinbigEuropeancities,yetthegovernmentisunwillingtoraisethem,forfearofapopularcriticism.TheresultisthatChina’s“waterproductivity”islow.

Ratherthanmakingwisereformsinpricingandwaterprotection,Chinaisfocusingonincreasingsupplies.ThebestknownsuchprojectistheThree