Analysis of Everyday Use form the Rhetoric Perspective 从修辞学角度解析《日用家当》.docx

Analysis of Everyday Use form the Rhetoric Perspective 从修辞学角度解析《日用家当》.docx

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AnalysisofEverydayUseformtheRhetoricPerspective从修辞学角度解析《日用家当》

Analysisof“EverydayUse”formtheRhetoricPerspective

Contents

AbstractinEnglish............................................................................................................................1

AbstractinChinese…………………………………………………………...…………................1

1.Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………........1

2.LiteratureReview……………………………………………….…………………..2

3.AbouttheAuthor………………………………………………………………..………..3

4.AbouttheTheme………………………………………………………………..4

5.RhetoricalDevicesUsedin“EverydayUse”………….……………………………...4

5.1.Symbolism…………………………………………………………………….4

5.1.1.TheSymbolizationoftheHouse…………………………………………………....6

5.1.2.TheSymbolizationoftheFire……………………………………………………6

5.1.3.TheSymbolizationoftheEverydayUse………………………………………6

5.1.4.TheSymbolizationoftheCharacters…………………………………………….7

5.1.4.1.Mother:

theSymbolofTraditionalBlackWomen………………………………..7

5.1.4.2.Dee:

theSymbolofNewBlackCulturalMovement……………………………..8

5.1.4.3.Maggie:

theSymbolofAfrican-American’sPainCulture………………………..9

5.2.Contrast……………………………………………………………………….9

5.2.1.TheContrastbetweenMotherandDee…………………………………………..9

5.2.2.TheContrastbetweenMaggieandDee…………………………………………....10

5.2.3.TheContrastbetweenDee’sAttitudesBeforeandAfter……………………..10

5.2.4.TheContrastbetweenTraditionalValuesandModernValues………………………..11

5.3.Irony……………………………………………………………………….11

5.3.1.Appearance…………………………………………………………....11

5.3.2.WordsandBehaviors……………………………………………………....12

5.3.3.Macro-IronyonMother………………………………………………………13

5.3.4.Macro-IronyonDee………………………………………………………….13

6.Conclusion……………………...………………………………………………………..13

Bibliography………………………………………………………..………………15

Acknowledgements…………………………………………..……………………..…..16

目录

英文摘要…………………………………………………………………..………………….….1

中文摘要…………………………………………………………….……….……….….1

1.简介…………………………………………………………….……………………......1

2.文献综述…………………………………………………………………………….2

3.关于作者…………………………………………………………………...……………..3

4.关于主题……………………………………………………………………...…………..4

5.《日用家当》中的修辞手法………………………………………………..……...4

5.1.象征………………………………………………………….………………….4

5.1.1.房子大象征意义……………………………………………………...………....6

5.1.2.火的象征意义………………………………………………………...……………6

5.1.3.日用家当的象征意义………………………………………………...………6

5.1.4.人物的象征意义……………………………………………………..…….7

5.1.4.1.母亲：

传统黑人妇女的象征………………………………………………..……..7

5.1.4.2.迪伊：

新黑人文化运动的象征…………………………………….….……..8

5.1.4.3.麦姬：

黑人伤痛文化的象征…………………………………………………....9

5.2.对比……………………………………………………………….………….9

5.2.1.母亲和迪伊的对比…………………………………………………….……..9

5.2.2.麦姬与迪伊的对比……………………………………………….…....10

5.2.3.迪伊前后态度的对比…………………………………………...…..10

5.2.4.传统价值观与现代价值观的对比……………………………...………..11

5.3.反讽……………………………………………………...………….11

5.3.1.外表描写中的反讽……………………………………………….…....11

5.3.2.言行描写中的反讽……………………………………………….…....12

5.3.3.体现在母亲身上的宏观反讽…………………………….…………13

5.3.4.体现在迪伊身上的宏观反讽……………………………………………….13

6.结语……………………………………………….………………….….13

参考文献……………..……………………………………………….…..….15

致谢……………………………………………….…………….………….16

Analysisof“EverydayUse”fromtheRhetoricPerspective

Abstract:

Thenovel“EverydayUse”writtenbyAliceWalkerisarepresentativenoveltoreflectthetraditionalAfricanculturesurvivalconditionsundertheinfluenceofmainstreamwhiteculture.UnderstandthisnovelcanhelpustoresearchAfrican-American’scultureandhistory.Throughflexibleuseofrhetoricaltactics,thenovelgivesreadersabroadspaceofunderstandingandabundantaestheticenjoyment.Thisarticletriestoanalyzethisnovelfromrhetoricperspective.Throughsymbol,comparisonandsatirethisthreerhetoricaltactics’analysis,wetrytohelpreadershaveabetterunderstandingofthenovel,understandingthetraditionalblackcultureandhistory,graspthethemethatthewriterwantstotellus:

inheritancethenationaltraditioncultureshouldfocusedonunderstandingofit’sconnotation,putitintoeverydaylife,ratherthanformalizedconsecrate.

KeyWords:

“EverydayUse”;symbol;contrast;irony

从修辞学角度解析《日用家当》

摘要:

小说《日用家当》是爱丽丝•沃克笔下一篇优秀的反映主流文化影响中的传统非洲文化的生存状况的作品，对于研究美裔黑人的文化和历史有着重要意义。

小说通过修辞手法的灵活运用和生动细腻的刻画，赋予了读者更宽广的解读空间和更丰富的审美享受，也使其内涵更加深远且令人回味无穷。

本文从修辞的角度入手，对《日用家当》一文进行了解析。

并试图通过对象征、对比、讽刺三种在文中最具代表性的修辞手法的分析，帮助读者更好的理解这篇小说，深入了解传统黑人文化和历史，准确把握作者观点，把握文章主旨：

民族传统文化的继承在于深刻地认识和理解其文化内涵，把传统融入日常生活，而不是浮于表面、流于形式的供奉。

关键词：

日用家当；象征；对比；反讽

1.Introduction

ThefirsttimeIreadthisnovel“EverydayUse”isinthetextbookofAdvancedEnglish.Itgivesmeadeepimpression.Thehardlife,thelongculture,andthedifferentattitudesaboutwhiteandblackcultureofblackpeopledisplayadifferentworldtous.UnderstandthisnovelcanhelpustoresearchAfrican-American’scultureandhistory.

Inthisarticle,Iwilltrytoanalyzethisnovelfromtherhetoricalperspective.Rhetoricisaskillfuluseoflanguage.Forexample,throughsymbol,wecangivedeepermeaningtothings,expressingimplicitviews.Atthistime,ifwedonotunderstandit,ourthinkingwouldbelimitedtothesurface,orevenresultinmisunderstanding.Thisarticleanalyzedwiththreerhetoricalskills:

symbol,contrastandirony,whichisratherrepresentativeinthenovel.Throughthisanalysis,thereadercanbetterunderstandthethreecharacters’personalities,behaviorandrepresentational;graspthethoughtofthewriterin-depth,andunderstandandappreciatethenovelcomprehensively.

Thisarticleconsistsofsixparts.Firstisthepartof“Introduction”.Thesecondpartis“LiteratureReview”,tointroducepreviousresearchachievementsaboutblackliterature,mainlyaboutBlackfemaleliterature.Afterthat,isthepartstointroducetheauthorandthethemeofthisnovel.Inthefifthpart,Itriedtoanalyzed“EverydayUse”fromthreerhetoricperspective.It’sthemostimportantpartofall.Atlastistheconclusiontoconcludethisarticle.

2.LiteratureReview

AfricanAmericanLiteraturesincetheinceptionhasbeencarryingthemissionagainstslaveryandinsulting.ToniMorrisonwrittenonBelovedlikethis:

“Thatanybodywhitecouldtakeyourwholeselfforanythingthatcametomind.Notjustwork,kill,oranymore.Dirtyyousobadyouforgotwhoyouwereandcouldn’tthinkitup.”（Morrison,2005:

251）

Slaveryanditsremnantsgivepsychologicalimpactonblacksevenmorethanthesufferingitself.Thevarioussocialproblemsblackpeoplefacecanalsofindthesourcefromthehistoryofhumiliation.BlackAfricanAmericanliterature,firstisaresistanceliterature.Infaceofthehumiliationandenslavementofwhites,theystilldidnotyield,andthroughvariousformsofliteraturethefoughtback.Amongthem,theblackfeministliteratureisanimportantpart.

Comparedwithmen,blackwomennotareonlyundertheoppressionofwhites,butalsoblackmen.Inthe1960sand1970s,thewesternfeministmovementcameintothe“secondwave“,andwhilestheAfrican-Americancivilrightsmovementwasatitsheight.Butinthetwomovements,theyallneglectedblackwomen.“Allthewomenarewhite,alltheblacksaremen.”（GloriaT.Hull,BarbabaSmithandPatriciaBellScott,1981）Theblackwomenhavebeeninthedoubleedgeofthestate.

Intheearlythirtiesandfourtiesofthe19thcentury,blackwomenwritersbegantostruggleforwomen’srights.Afterthe1960s,theriseofAfricanAmericanwomenwritersbecameamajorhighlightofAmericanletters,suchasAliceWalker,AudreLorde,ToniMorrison,PauleMarshallandsoon.Theirworksarewidelyread,andhaveentereduniversity’sliterarycurriculums,andthenbecomeasliterarycriticism.Inthiscontext,BlackFeministCriticism,begantoincreaseandstartedanindependentstanceintheemergingfieldoffeministcriticisminthe70century.

In1977,BarbaraSmithpublishedthebookTowardaBlackFeministCriticism,andcreatedaprecedentforblackfeministcriticism,whichisconsideredthefoundationofthistheory.Shebelievesthatintheworksofblackwomenwriters,race,classpoliticsandgenderpoliticsareimportantfactors（Smith,1982:

159）.The“NewDirectionsforBlackFeministCriticism”whitenedbyDeborhaEMcDowellfurtherdefinestheblackfeministliterarycriticism’sobjectives,approachesandmethodology,asanothermilestoneofblackwomenliterarycriticism.

Afterthe1980s,literarycriticismofblackwomenbegantoconstructthetheoryofliterarycriticism,andalargenumberofcriticsandworksemerged,suchasBarbaraChristian’sfamousworkBlackWomenNovelists:

TheDevelopmentofaTraditionin1980,andBlackFeministCriticism:

PerspectivesonBlackWomenWritersin1985.PatriciaHillCollinswhitenedBlackFeministThought:

Knowledge,Consciousness,andthePoliticsofEmpowermentin1990.KarlaF.C.HollowaylinkedAfricanAmericanwomen'srhetorictoitsAfricanoriginsinhisMooringsandMetaphor:

FiguresofCultureandGenderinBlackWomen’sLiteraturein1922.Inthisperiod,AlicewalkerproposedaveryimportantconceptinAfricanAmericanfeministcriticism“womanism”inhercollectionofessaysInSearchofOurMothers'Gardens,whichmarksthedifferencebetweenblackfeministcriticismandthewhite’sfeminists.

Inshort,sincethe1980s,African-AmericanFeministCriticismhaswitnessedaboom.BlackFeministCriticismmainlyputsattentionontextanalysis,andwantstobuildakindofblackfemaleliterarytradition,whichisdifferentfromthemainstreamliterary.Inthisliterarytradition,BlackFeministCriticismdiscussedacommonliterarythemeofblackwomen,language,culture,traditionsandaestheticexpressiononthebasisofintersexualitystudy.Enrichedandimprovedthepastblackorwhitefeminismliterature,Involvedinthepursuitoftheirownethnicidentityandgenderofthedoubleequality.

AliceWalkerisafamousblackwomanwriterinAmericanliterature.HerworkmostlyreflectsAfricanAmericanw