职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案050842.docx

职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案050842.docx

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职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案050842

职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-42

1、Youmustshineyourshoes.【单选题】

A.polish

B.clear

C.wash

D.mend

正确答案:

A

答案解析:

题干大意：

你必须擦亮你的鞋。

画线词shine和选项polish都有“擦亮”的意思。

clear:

使干净；wash:

洗，刷；mend:

修理。

故答案为A。

2、FeastOnTurkeyandGoodWishesatThanksgiving

Fourweeksago,USchildrendressedasmonstersandaskedforsweets.ThatwasHalloween.InafewweeksAmericanhouseswillberedandgreenandfilledwithpresents.ForChristmas.

Asifallthisisn'tenough,onThursdaythisweek,Americawillenjoyanotherfestival-Thanksgiving.

Childrenwillhavetwodaysoffschool,shopswillcloseandhouseswillbefilledwithfamiliesenjoyingmountainsoffood.

Everyyear,inGainesville,Florida,allentireclasscelebrateThanksgivingtogether.Theclassdressesupandputsonplaysfortheirfamilies.AftertheplaysthefamiliesshareafeastoftraditionalThanksgivingfoodsliketurkeyandpumpkinpie.

DeanFoster,anll-year-oldboywilltakepartinthiscelebration.Hesaid:

"IloveThanksgivingbecauseitmeanstimeoffschool,lotsofnicefoodandahappyfamily."

HisbrotherBen,nine,said:

"thebestthingaboutThanksgiving,isthatwhenitisfinished,itistimetostartChristmas."

Butbehindthefoodandthelargeamountofmoneyspentthereisanothermessage.OnThursdayevening,DeanandBen'sfamilywillmakeabasketandputitonthetableastheyeattheireveningmeal.

Eachofthemwillwritealistofthingsthattheyarethankfulforandplacethepaperinthebasket.ThefamilywillreadthepiecesofpaperandtaketimetothankGodandeachotherforprovidingthemwithcomfortableandhappylives.

Thanksgivingisatraditionalfestivalthatstartedin1621,whenthefirstpilgrimsarrivedintheUStostartanewlife.Afterahardyear,theyhadabigautumnharvest.TheyheldafeastandinvitedthenativeAmericanIndiansalongtothankGodforgivingthemenoughfood.

ManycountriescelebrateThanksgiving.Theyoftenfallafterthefieldshavebeenharvestedandthecropscollectedforwinter.

ManychildrenintheUnitedStateslikeThanksgivingbecause________.

【单选题】

A.theycanstaywiththeirparentsathomeandeatalotofnicefood

B.theycandressuplikemonsters

C.theycanputonplays

D.theycanvisitAmericanIndians

正确答案:

A

答案解析:

细节考查题。

题干问许多美国儿童喜欢感恩节的原因。

参见第五段，美国儿童喜欢感恩节是因为学校放假，有很多好吃的食物，而且能和家人在一起享受快乐，选项A与该句内容一致，故正确答案为A。

3、Ford

（1）Ford'sgreatstrengthwasthemanufacturingprocessnotinvention.Longbeforehestartedacarcompany,hewasaworker,knownforpickinguppiecesofmetalandwireandturningthemintomachines.Hestartedputtingcarstogetherin1891,althoughitwasbynomeansthefirstpopularautomobile,theModelTshowedtheworldjusthowcreativeFordwasatcombiningtechnologyandmarket.

（2）Thecompany'sassemblylinealone.threwAmerica'sIndustrialRevolutionintooverdrive（高速运转）.Insteadofhavingworkersputtogethertheentirecar,Ford'sfriends,whoweregreattoolmakersfromScotland,organizedteamsthataddedpartstoeachModelTasitmoveddownaline.BythetimeFord'sHighlandParkplantwashumming（嗡嗡作响）alongin1914,theworld'sfirstautomaticconveyorbeltcouldturnoutacarevery93minutes.

（3）ThesameyearHenryFordshockedtheworldwiththe$5adayminimumWagescheme,thegreatestcontributionhehadevermade.TheaverageWageintheautoindustrythenwas$2.34fora9-hourshift.Fordnotonlydoubledthathealsotookanhourofftheworkday.Inthoseyearsitwasunthinkablethatamancouldbepaidthatmuchfordoingsomethingthatdidn'tinvolveanawfullotoftrainingoreducation.TheWallStreetJournalcalledtheplan"aneconomiccrime"andcriticseverywherelaughedatFord.

（4）Butasthewageincreasedlatertodaily$10,itprovedacriticalcomponentofFord'sdreamtomaketheautomobileaccessibletoallThecriticsweretoostupidtounderstandthatbecauseFordhadloweredhiscostspercar,thehigherwagesdidn'tmatter,exceptformakingitpossibleformorepeopletobuycars.

Higherwagesenabledmanypeopleto____

【单选题】

A.criticizedbythemedia

B.thelowwageintheautoindustry

C.ownacar

D.Producecarsinlargenumbers

E.the8-hour-shiftpractice

F.combinedtechnologyandmarket

正确答案:

C

答案解析:

C填入后整个句子：

由于Ford生产的车成本低，普通人也买得起。

答案可见于最后一段的最后一句。

4、StatusofTeachersinAmerica

Atpresent,inmanyAmericancitiesespecially,manyteachersinthepublicschoolssaytheyareunderpaid.Theypointtojobssuchassecretaryortruckdriver,whichoftenpaymoretostartthanthatoftheteacher.Inmanyotherfields,suchaslaw,medicine,computerscience,abeginningworkermaymakemorethanateacherwhohastaughtforseveralyear.

Teachinghasneverbeenaprofessionthatattractedpeopleinterestedinhighsalaries.Itisbyhistoryaprofessionthathasprovidedrewardsinadditiontomoney,thesatisfactionofsharingknowledge,ofinfluencingothers,ofguidingyoungpeople.Butinthepastseveralyears,therearemoredifficultiesinteaching,formany,thantherearerewards.

Unrulystudents,whowouldhavechosenteachingastheirlifecareerinthepast,aregoingintootherfields.

AnotherreasonforthischangeinteachercandidatesisthechangingstatusofwomenintheUnitedStates.Untilthelate1960sand1970s,oneofthemostpopularchoicesforwomenwasteaching.Butasotherprofessions,suchaslawandmedicineopeneduptowomen,womenstoppedpouringintoteachertrainingprograms.Thus,amajorpoolofexcellentcandidatesfortheteachingprofessiondwindled（减少）.

Bitbybitgovernmentofficialsandothersrealizedthatthestatusoftheteacherhadsuffered.Theytalkedaboutchange.ButchangeinavastsocietyliketheUnitedStatesisnoteasy.People'sattitudeshaveformedovermanyyears,andsometimeschangetakesmanyyears.

Whydoschoolteachersturntootherprofessions?

【单选题】

A.Becauseoftheunrulystudentsandlargeclasses.

B.Becauseofthedifficultiesofteachingaswellasalackofmoney,supportandunderstanding.

C.Becauseoftheattractingpowerofotherjobs.

D.Becauseofalackofsatisfaction'ofsharingknowledgeandinfluencingothers.

正确答案:

B

答案解析:

文中提出了两个主要原因：

underpaid与moredifficultyinteaching，因此选B。

5、HumanSpaceExploration

WhilescientistsaresearchingthecauseoftheColumbiadisaster,NASAismovingaheadwithplanstodevelopanewcraftthatwouldreplaceshuttles（航天飞机）onspacestationmissionsby2012andrespondquicklytospacestationemergencies.

Thespaceagencyreleasedthefirstsetofmissionneedsandrequirementsseveraldaysagoformeorbitalspaceplane（轨道航天飞机）,whichwouldbedesignedtotransportacrewoffourtoandfromtheInternationalSpaceStation.

Althoughitincludesfewspecifics,theplanstatestheorbiter（轨道航天飞机）willbesafercheaperandrequirelesspreparationtimethantheshuttle.Itwouldbeabletotransportfourcrewmembersby2012thoughitwouldbeavailableforrescuemissionsby2010.NASAsaysthecraftshouldbeabletotransportinjuredorillspacestationcrewmembersto"definitive（决定性的）medicalcare"within24hours.

ThereleaseoftherequirementsshowedNASAremainsfocusedonthelong-termprioritiesofspaceexploration,evenasquestionsexistconcerningthelossofColumbiaanditssevenmembercrewonFebruaryl,2003.

ExpelsatMarshallSpaceFlightCenterinHuntsville,Alabama,havebeenworkingforyearsonasuccessortotheshuttle.Theproject,knownastheSpaceLaunchInitiative（倡议）,wasdividedlastyearintotwoparts----onefocusingonafuturelaunchvehicle,theotheronaspacestationorbiter.Theorbiterisexpectedtobereadysooner.

Theprogram'smanagerssayNASAofficialshavetoldthemnottoalterSpaceLaunchInitiativeinlightoftheColumbiadisaster.

U.S.PresidentGeorgeW.BushaskedCongressforaboutUS$1billionforSpaceLaunchInitiativein2004,fundsthatwouldbealmostequallysplitbetweentheOrbitalSpacePlaneandNextGenerationLaunchTechnology.

Thedesignoftheorbiterindicates____.【单选题】

A.NASA'sdeterminationtocontinuespaceexploration

B.NASA'sdisadvantageinspacetechnology

C.thegreatpressurefromCongressonNASA

D.aheavydefeatforNASA

正确答案:

A

答案解析:

此题问的是设计这架航天飞机表明了什么？

选项A的意思是“NASA继续探索太空的决心”。

其他几个选项的意思均与原文不符，所以A为答案。

6、AntsasaBarometerofEcologicalChange

Atpicnics,antsarepests.Buttheyhavetheiruses.Inindustriessuchastraining,farmingandforestry,theycanhelpgaugethehealthoftheenvironmentbyjustcrawlingaroundandbeingantsy.

Ithasbeenrecognizedfordecadesthatants-whicharehighlysensitivetoecologicalchangecanprovideanear-perfectbarometerofthestateofanecosystem.Onlycertainspecies,forinstance,willcontinuetothriveataforestsitethathasbeenclearedoftrees.Otherswilldieoutforlackoffood.Andstillotherswillmoveinandtakeupresidence.

Bylookingatwhichspeciespopulateadeforestedarea,scientistscandeterminehow"stressed"thelandis.Theydothisbysortingtheants,countingtheirnumbersandcomparingtheresultswiththoseofearliersurveys.Antsareusedsimplybecausetheyaresocommonandcomprisesomanyspecies.

Whereminesitesarebeingrestored,forexample,someantspecieswillrecognizethestrippedlandmorequicklythanothers._____.AustralianminingcompanyCapricornCoalManagementhasbeensuccessfullyusingantsurveysforyearstodeterminetherateofrecoveryoflandthatitisreplantingnearitsGermanCreekmineinQueensland.

Antsurveysalsohavebeenusedwithmine-siterecoveryprojectsinAfricaandBrazil,wherewarmclimatesencouragedenseanddiverseantpopulations."Wefounditworkedextremelywellthere,"saysJonathanMajer,aprofessorofenvironmentalbiology.Yetthesurveysareperfectlysuitedto